scholarly journals The Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve Is Partially Effective in Mitigating Human Pressures

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Linyi Tan ◽  
Guancheng Guo ◽  
Shicheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Human Footprint ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
The Government

Protected areas play significant roles in protecting biodiversity by mitigating human activities. As an indicator for human activities, the human footprint (HF) can be used to assess the effectiveness of protected areas. We developed a HF dataset for the Sanjiangyuan region in China after localizing the global HF model. Then we used it to assess the effectiveness of Sanjiangyuan nature reserve (SNR) in mitigating human pressures. Our results suggest that the HF value for the Sanjiangyuan region was generally low from 1995 to 2015, with a fluctuating increasing trend. The SNR is partially effective in mitigating human pressures. For 2005–2010, the HF values decreased both within and outside the reserve with more decreases for the outside. For the three functional zones of the SNR, our results show that the HF values decreased during 2005–2010 for all of them, with the largest decrease in the experimental area, and increased during 2010–2015, with the lowest increase in the core areas. The results we obtained are consistent with ecological indicator-based assessments. It is a challenge for the government to balance conservation and development in establishing Sanjiangyuan National Park.

scholarly journals No Limits of Acceptable Change: A Proposed Research Framework for Informing Visitor Use Management in the Context of Cultural Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Zachary D. Miller ◽  
Wayne Freimund ◽  
Stefani A. Crabtree ◽  
Ethan P. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Limits Of Acceptable Change ◽  
The Us ◽  
Visitor Use ◽  
Material Evidence

Cultural resources are commonly defined as resources that provide material evidence of past human activities. These resources are unique, as they are both finite and non-renewable. This provides a challenge for traditional visitor use management since these resources have no limits of acceptable change. However, with nearly every national park in the US containing cultural resources, coupled with ever-growing visitation, it is essential that managers of parks and protected areas have the ability to make science-informed decisions about cultural resources in the context of visitor use management. We propose a framework that can help provide context and exploration for these challenges. Drawing on previous literature, this framework includes risk-based approaches to decision making about visitor use; visitor cognitions related to cultural resources; emotions, mood, and affect related to cultural resource experiences; creating and evaluating interpretive programs; deviant visitor behaviors related to cultural resources; and co-management.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ecotourism potential of protected areasin the Murmansk region.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4/2020) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
O. V. Petrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
Potential Evaluation ◽  
Nature Parks ◽  
State Nature

The methodology of ecotourism potential evaluation in protected areas has been presented, the Mur-mansk region as a case study.The attractive protected areas for tourismtrade have been defined at the first stage. Among areas with the maximal scores are: National Park«Khibiny», Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute, Nature Parks «Poluostrova Rybachy i Sredny» and «Korablekk», Zakaznik «Kutsa», the Lapland State Nature Reserve and Nature Monuments «AstrophyllityGoryEveslogchorr», «Kriptogram-movoyeUshchelye», «Ushchelye Aikuaivenchorr», «Vodopad na Reke Shuoniyoki » and «Amethysts of Ship Cape». Whether it’s possibleto combine the tourism and nature conservation, we have evaluated at the next stage. National Park «Khibiny», Nature Park «Poluostrova Rybachy i Sredny», Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Instituteand Zakaznik «Kutsa» have got the highest scores. The recommendations for tourist trade have been offered for each group of protected areas.

scholarly journals Boletoid fungi (Boletaceae, Basidiomycota) of protected areas of Kon Tum Plateau (Central Highlands of Vietnam)

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Thi Ha Giang Pham ◽  
Olga V. Morozova ◽  
A. V. Alexandrova
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Nucleotide Sequences ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Plateau Central ◽  
First Time

The article continues the series of publications devoted to the boletoid fungi of Vietnam. It summarizes the results of the observation of their diversity in three nature protected areas of the Central Highlands (Tây Nguyên) – Kon Ka Kinh National Park, Kon Chu Rang (Kon Chư Răng) Nature Reserve and Kon Plong Protected Forest, where middle-mountain evergreen broad-leaved and coniferous-deciduous forests prevail at altitudes of 900–1500 m. An annotated list of 22 revealed species is presented. Of these, two species (Fistulinella aurantioflava and Tylopilus subotsuensis) have been recently described from this territory as new to science. Hortiboletus rupicapreus is reported “ad interim”. Information on eight species (Aureoboletus sinobadius, Hourangia nigropunctata, Ionosporus longipes, Neoboletus multipunctatus, Phylloporus luxiensis, Pulveroboletus subrufus, Tylopilus atripurpureus, T. atroviolaceobrunneus) is published for the first time for Vietnam. Strobilomyces aff. echinocephalus, S. aff.glabriceps, and Tylopilus aff. balloui (two different lines) are close to known species but genetically not identical. Six more specimens are identified only to the genus, and they probably represent species new to science. The color photographs of new to Vietnam and noteworthy species are presented. The nucleotide sequences obtained during the study were deposited in NCBI GenBank.

scholarly journals Changes in the human footprint in and around Indonesia’s terrestrial national parks between 2012 and 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asri A. Dwiyahreni ◽  
Habiburrachman A. H. Fuad ◽  
Sunaryo Muhtar ◽  
T. E. Budhi Soesilo ◽  
Chris Margules ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Human Footprint ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe human footprint (HF) was developed to measure of the impact of human activities on the environment. The human footprint has been found to be closely related to the vulnerability of protected areas around the world. In Indonesia, as nature conservation is still seen as hindering economic development, it is especially important to assess the human footprint in order to comprehend the overall pressures resulting from the various human activities on Indonesia’s national parks. This study measured the change in the human footprint in and around 43 terrestrial national parks over 5 years, between 2012 and 2017. As many as 37 out of 43 NPs experienced an increase in the HF, ranging from 0.4 to 77.3%. Tanjung Puting in Kalimantan experienced the greatest increase (77.3%), while Ujung Kulon in Jawa Bali bioregion had the greatest decrease (10.5%). An increase in human population density and improved access to parks from roads, rivers and coastlines are the main drivers of increasing impacts on national parks.

scholarly journals A rapid biodiversity assessment of Lesotho’s first proposed Biosphere Reserve: a case study of Bokong Nature Reserve and Tšehlanyane National Park

Bothalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lerato Seleteng-Kose ◽  
Khotso Kobisi ◽  
Ruida Pool-Stanvliet ◽  
Khotso Mohapi
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
The Core ◽  
Baseline Information

Background: Two of Lesotho’s protected areas, namely Bokong Nature Reserve and Tšehlanyane National Park, form the core area of the country’s first proposed Biosphere Reserve. Biodiversity is a key aspect needed to justify nomination of a Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme. Previously documented biodiversity of the two protected areas is limited in terms of coverage and scope as well as being outdated. The aim of the current study was to conduct a rapid assessment of the biodiversity, including endemism, of the proposed Biosphere Reserve to inform the formal nomination process.Methods: A field survey was undertaken over 112 033 ha in the core, buffer and transition zones of the proposed Biosphere Reserve during which species of both flora and fauna were documented. Purposeful recordings were made during different seasons to incorporate various flowering seasons of the plants, as well as faunal species that may hibernate or migrate seasonally.Results: A total of 380 plant species was recorded, 30 of which are legally protected in the country, 60 endemic to the Drakensberg Mountain Centre, and two species (Aloe polyphylla and Glumicalyx lesuticus) are endemic to Lesotho. The former is the national flower of Lesotho and is under threat due to illegal trade. Sixteen mammal species were recorded, seven of which are legally protected in the country, as well as 53 bird species (including the IUCN Red Listed vulture species, Gyps coprotheres and Gypaetus barbatus). Two fish species were also recorded including Pseudobarbus quathlambae, which is Lesotho’s only known endemic vertebrate species, as well as seven reptile and three amphibian species (two of which are near endemic namely Amietia delalandii and A. vertebralis).Conclusion: This survey has provided valuable baseline information on the biodiversity (particularly regarding the flora and avifauna) of the proposed Biosphere Reserve, which includes two protected areas namely Bokong Nature Reserve and Tšehlanyane National Park. The findings reflect the biodiversity value of the area and will contribute towards its nomination as Lesotho’s first Biosphere Reserve.

scholarly journals Assessing Tradeoffs between Development and Conservation: A Case of Land Use Change in a National Park of Korea

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Miju Kim ◽  
Sangkwon Lee ◽  
Chi-Ok Oh
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Heterogeneous Preferences ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
The Government

Protected areas are places that provide diverse ecosystem services, including cultural ecosystem services. At the same time, the development and unbalanced use of natural resources in protected areas often create environmental threats and social conflicts. This study estimates the economic value of environmental consequences derived from the construction of an airport in a national park in Korea. We employ a discrete choice experiment to assess economic values and consider a key part of the tradeoffs derived from the airport construction at Heuksan Island of Dadohae Marine National Park in Korea. The results show that social benefits related to improved accessibility and tourism opportunities would be generated but at substantial costs resulting from environmental degradation and the reduction in bird populations. A segmentation analysis also reveals that heterogeneous preferences exist based on variables reflecting individuals’ visit experiences and trust in the government. The findings indicate that considering environmental impacts is important when evaluating the feasibility of a development project in a protected area.

The Uncertain Future of the Desert National Park in Rajasthan, India

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asad R. Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Thar Desert ◽  
Wildlife Population ◽  
The Future ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Many Core

The 3,162 sq. km Desert National Park (DNP) is one of the largest protected areas in India. It represents all of the natural features of the Thar Desert in India. Since its establishment in the early 1980s, the wildlife population has increased, and now the Indian Gazelle, the Great Indian Bustard, the Desert Fox, etc., are easily seen in it. But although many core areas of 500 to 1,000 hectares each have been established, progress in the development of the Park is slow, and now the future of the Park itself is in jeopardy owing to a plan to construct a feeder canal of the main Indira Gandhi Nahar (canal) Project (IGNP), which would bisect the Park. It is feared that such improvement in irrigation facilites would make it impossible to shift the villagers outside the Park boundary, as had been planned earlier—and moreover, it would attract settlers to the Park. Salient features of the DNP, its important fauna, and various options to save the Park, are described in this paper.

scholarly journals Assessment of the capacity of the national ecological network elements for road construction and operation

Spatium ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Vesna Kicosev ◽  
Laslo Galambos ◽  
Ivan Cizmic ◽  
Djordje Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Natural Monument ◽  
The Impact

Road construction and usage have a wide range of direct and indirect negative effects on protected areas. The impact of state roads on protected areas in Vojvodina was reviewed in this article, based on the orientation values of habitat loss and secondary negative effects originating from traffic functioning. Results of the assessment indicate that the use of existing roads constructed on habitats within the national ecological network exceeded the capacity of individual PA-protected areas (e.g., in case of Straza Natural Monument). Recorded capacity overflow on other PAs occurs solely as a consequence of overlapping between protected areas and areas of influence of roads routed along the borders of protected areas (which is the case with Slano Kopovo Special Nature Reserve and Selevenjske pustare Special Nature Reserve). The aim of this article is to show that even with the smallest values of the parameters related to the width of roads and critical distance from the habitat, the vulnerability of certain core areas of the national ecological network is evident.

scholarly journals An Annotated Checklist of Butterflies at Elevated Protected Areas of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Madeeha Manzoor ◽  
Sher Wali Khan ◽  
Safdar Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
Entomological Research ◽  
Annotated Checklist

Different vegetation types, cater to the needs of butterflies at different stages of their life cycle. Some caterpillars are specific in their diet and egg-laying, such as the caterpillar of the Monarch butterfly, which mainly consumes leaves of milkweed and hence prefers laying eggs on this plant (Faldyn et al., 2018). This entomological research was undertaken at protected areas of Pakistan that include Dhirkot Nature Reserve, Pir Chanasi National Park, Banjosa Game Reserve, Pir Lasura National Park and Tolipir National Park. Forty-four different species of butterflies were recorded from the study area. The highest diversity of butterflies was observed from PCNP (34) and least from PLNP (15).

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