Endocrinopathies and Male Infertility

Male infertility is approaching a concerning prevalence worldwide, and inflicts various impacts on the affected couple. The hormonal assessment is a vital component of male fertility evaluation as endocrine disorders are markedly reversible causatives of male infertility. Precise hormonal regulations are prerequisites to maintain normal male fertility parameters. The core male reproductive event, spermatogenesis, entails adequate testosterone concentration, which is produced via steroidogenesis in the Leydig cells. Physiological levels of both the gonadotropins are needed to achieve normal testicular functions. The hypothalamus-derived gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is considered the supreme inducer of the gonadotropins and thereby the subsequent endocrine reproductive events. This hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis may be modulated by the thyroidal or adrenal axis and numerous other reproductive and nonreproductive hormones. Disruption of this fine hormonal balance and their crosstalk leads to a spectrum of endocrinopathies, inducing subfertility or infertility in men. This review article will discuss the most essential endocrinopathies associated with male factor infertility to aid precise understanding of the endocrine disruptions-mediated male infertility to encourage further research to reveal the detailed etiology of male infertility and perhaps to develop more customized therapies for endocrinopathy-induced male infertility.

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Case of Inherited Partial AZFa Deletion without Impact on Male Fertility

Case Reports in Genetics ◽

10.1155/2019/3802613 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Baiba Alksere ◽

Dace Berzina ◽

Alesja Dudorova ◽

Una Conka ◽

Santa Andersone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Male Fertility ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Male Factor ◽

Secondary Infertility ◽

Chromosome Y ◽

Genetic Causes ◽

Spermatogenic Failure ◽

Azf Region

Male factor infertility accounts for 40–50% of all infertility cases. Deletions of one or more AZF region parts in chromosome Y are one of the most common genetic causes of male infertility. Usually full or partial AZF deletions, including genes involved in spermatogenesis, are associated with spermatogenic failure. Here we report a case of a Caucasian man with partial AZFa region deletion from a couple with secondary infertility. Partial AZFa deletion, involving part of USP9Y gene appears to be benign, as we proved transmission from father to son. According to our results, it is recommended to revise guidelines on markers selected for testing of AZFa region deletion, to be more selective against DDX3Y gene and exclude probably benign microdeletions involving only USP9Y gene.

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NF-κB-repressed Sirt3 mediates testicular cholesterol metabolism and cytoskeleton assembly via P450scc/SOD2 deacetylation during spermatogenesis

10.1101/2021.02.22.432399 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mei Wang ◽

Ling Zeng ◽

Yao Xiong ◽

Xiao-fei Wang ◽

Lin Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Germ Cells ◽

Sertoli Cells ◽

Male Fertility ◽

Leydig Cells ◽

Nuclear Translocation ◽

Cholesterol Metabolism ◽

Male Subfertility ◽

Upstream Regulator ◽

Testicular Cells

AbstractTesticular homeostasis requires the balanced interplay between specific molecules in Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, germ cells. Loss of this coordination can lead to the disruption of spermatogenesis, even male infertility. By operating the upregulation and downregulation of Sirt3 in our male subfertility rats model and two testicular cells models, we indicated that Sirt3 overexpression and activator ameliorated cholesterol metabolism via P450scc deacetylation in Leydig cells, and cytoskeleton assembly via PDLIM1 with SOD2 deacetylation in Sertoli cells and elongating spermatids. In terms of the upstream regulator of Sirt3, the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65Ser536 stimulated the nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunits (p50, p65, RelB), which bound to TFBS1 and TFBS2 synchronously in the promoter of Sirt3, repressing Sirt3 transcription. This study demonstrates that NF-κB-repressed SIRT3 acts directly on cholesterol metabolism of Leydig cells and cytoskeleton assembly of Sertoli cells via P450scc/SOD2 deacetylation to regulate sperm differentiation, influencing spermatogenesis, even male fertility.Research organism: Rat, mouse

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Tachykinins and Kisspeptins in the Regulation of Human Male Fertility

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9010113 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 113 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Víctor Blasco ◽

Francisco M. Pinto ◽

Cristina González-Ravina ◽

Esther Santamaría-López ◽

Luz Candenas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Male Fertility ◽

Animal Species ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Male Factor ◽

Human Male ◽

Human Fertility ◽

The World

Infertility is a global disease affecting one out of six couples of reproductive age in the world, with a male factor involved in half the cases. There is still much to know about the regulation of human male fertility and thus we decided to focus on two peptide families that seem to play a key role in this function: tachykinins and kisspeptins. With this aim, we conducted an exhaustive review in order to describe the role of tachykinins and kisspeptins in human fertility and their possible implications in infertility etiopathogenesis. Many advances have been made to elucidate the roles of these two families in infertility, and multiple animal species have been studied, including humans. All of this knowledge could lead to new advances in male infertility diagnosis and treatment, but further research is needed to clarify all the implications of tachykinins and kisspeptins in fertility.

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The mechanisms involved in obesity-induced male infertility

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399816666200819114032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Hamed Heydari ◽

Rafighe Ghiasi ◽

Saber Ghaderpour ◽

Rana Keyhanmanesh

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Disease ◽

Male Infertility ◽

Male Fertility ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Disease Development ◽

Significant Evidence ◽

Male Reproductive Function ◽

Negative Effect ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Introduction: Obesity resulted by imbalance between the intake of energy and energy consumption can lead to growth and metabolic disease development in people. Both in obese men and animal models, several studies indicate that obesity leads to male infertility. Objective: This review has discussed some mechanisms involved in obesity-induced male infertility. Method: Online documents were searched through Science Direct, Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar websites dating from 1959 to recognize studies on obesity, kisspeptin, leptin, and infertility. Results: Obesity induced elevated inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress can affect male reproductive functions including spermatogenesis disorders, reduced male fertility power and hormones involved in hypothalamus-pituitarygonadal axis. Conclusion: There is significant evidence that obesity resulted in male infertility. obesity has negative effect on male reproductive function via several mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress.

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Men's perception and understanding of male-factor infertility in the UK

British Journal of Nursing ◽

10.12968/bjon.2021.30.9.s8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (9) ◽

pp. S8-S16

Author(s):

Eleanor L Stevenson ◽

Cheng Ching-Yu ◽

Chang Chia-Hao ◽

Kevin R McEleny

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Emotional Support ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Male Fertility ◽

Public Knowledge ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Male Factor ◽

The Public ◽

The Uk

Male-factor infertility is a common but stigmatised issue, and men often do not receive the emotional support and the information they need. This study sought to understand awareness of male fertility issues compared to female fertility among the UK general male public, and also what were perceived as being the optimum methods for providing support for affected men, emotionally and through information. Men feel that male infertility is not discussed by the public as much as female infertility. Lifestyle issues that affect male fertility are not well understood, and men affected by infertility desire more support, including online, from health professionals and through peer support. Health professionals, including those in public health, could offer evidence-based programmes to reduce stigma and increase public knowledge about infertility, as well as offer emotional support to men with infertility problems.

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The Impact of Bone on the Biology of Aging

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2643 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 740-740

Author(s):

Gerard Karsenty

Keyword(s):

Muscle Function ◽

Male Fertility ◽

Leydig Cells ◽

Memory Loss ◽

Age Related ◽

Systematic Exploration ◽

Biology Of Aging ◽

The Impact ◽

The Brain ◽

Regulate Energy Metabolism

Abstract We hypothesized that bone may secrete hormones that regulate energy metabolism and reproduction. Testing this hypothesis revealed that the osteoblast-specific secreted protein osteocalcin is a hormone regulating glucose homeostasis and male fertility by signaling through a GPCR, Gprc6a, expressed in pancreatic β bells and Leydig cells of the testes. The systematic exploration of osteocalcin biology, revealed that it regulates an unexpectedly large spectrum of physiological functions in the brain and peripheral organs and that it has most features of an antigeromic molecule. As will be presented at the meeting, this body of work suggests that harnessing osteocalcin for therapeutic purposes may be beneficial in the treatment of age-related diseases such as depression, age-related memory loss and the decline in muscle function seen in sarcopenia.

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Infertility and the Military Male

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1694027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (01) ◽

pp. 005-011

Author(s):

Amanda B. Reed-Maldonado ◽

Kristin C. Madden

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Military Service ◽

Clinical Investigation ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Military Population ◽

Male Factor ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Military Service Members ◽

Infertile Couples ◽

The Military

AbstractMale infertility is a condition that affects approximately 50% of infertile couples and about 30% of those couples have only male factor infertility identified. There has been speculation that male military service members may have an even greater lifetime prevalence of infertility as compared to the general population, but very few scientific publications focus on male factor infertility in the military population specifically. This review will discuss many of the unique considerations regarding male infertility in the military and highlight future opportunities for research. The military/federal health system has the potential to serve as a leader in both the delivery of health care for male factor infertility and in the clinical investigation into the etiologies of and treatments for male factor infertility.

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Gender, Family Norms, and Male-Factor Infertility in Japan: An Analysis of Internet Blogs

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x18796874 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (14) ◽

pp. 3713-3731

Author(s):

Kimiko Tanaka ◽

Nan E. Johnson ◽

Deborah Lowry

Keyword(s):

Cultural Studies ◽

Literature Review ◽

Male Infertility ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Male Factor Infertility ◽

Male Factor ◽

Japanese Male ◽

Family Norms ◽

Cross Cultural Studies

This study analyzes blogs about male-factor infertility posted on a Japanese blogsite on a certain day in April 2014. It focuses on an understudied topic and is the first study of Japanese male infertility based on blogs. The blog format afforded anonymity to the bloggers, and our sample of 97 adults yields the largest number of individual respondents of all cross-cultural studies cited in our literature review. We extract three major themes from the analysis of the blogs, offer suggestions for a redirection of family and infertility policy in Japan, and suggest lines for further research.

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Is there a place for nutritional supplements in the treatment of idiopathic male infertility?

Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia ◽

10.4081/aiua.2014.3.164 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 164 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Davide Arcaniolo ◽

Vincenzo Favilla ◽

Daniele Tiscione ◽

Francesca Pisano ◽

Giorgio Bozzini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Infertility ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Nutritional Supplements ◽

Semen Parameters ◽

Male Factor ◽

Treatment Regimens ◽

Idiopathic Male Infertility ◽

Infertile Men ◽

Wide Variability

Objective: Infertility affects 15% of couples in fertile age. Male factor is a cause of infertility in almost half of cases, mainly due to oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). The purpose of this study is to review the effects of nutritional supplements as medical treatment for idiopathic male infertility. Material and methods: A Pub Med and Medline review of the published studies utilizing nutritional supplements for the treatment of male infertility has been performed. Results: Clinical trials on Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Vitamin C. Arginine, Carnitine, N-Acetyl-Carnitine, Glutathione, Coenzyme Q10, Selenium and Zinc were reviewed. Although there is a wide variability in selected population, dose regimen and final outcomes, nutritional supplements both alone and in combination seems to be able to improve semen parameters (sperm count, sperm motility and morphology) and pregnancy rate in infertile men. Conclusions: There are rising evidences from published randomized trials and systematic review suggesting that nutritional supplementation may improve semen parameters and the likelihood of pregnancy in men affected by OAT. This improvement, however, is not consistent and there is a wide variation in the treatment regimens used. Well designed and adequately powered RCTs are needed to better clarify the role of nutritional supplements as treatment for male infertility.

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