In Vitro Assessment of the Functional Dynamics of Titanium with Surface Coating of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Manipulation of implant surface characteristics constitutes a promising strategy for improving cell growth and tissue response on a variety of materials with different surface topographies. Mesenchymal progenitor cells with a capacity to respond to titanium surface stimuli and differentiate into osteoblasts were used to perform comparative tests between two different implant topographies, including their functional interaction with pre-osteoblasts directly seeded onto the implants. Functional analysis of nanostructured implant surfaces was performed by in vitro assay analysis. The machined surface of titanium implants (mach group) was used as a control and compared with a nanoparticle HA activated surface implant (nano group), developed by the deposition of pure crystalline hydroxyapatite. Cell culture on the nano group surface resulted in higher cell adhesion and cultured osteoblast viability compared with the mach group. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed a stable interaction, indicated by the presence of focal cell adhesion formation. These results together with positive mineralization assays showed the nano group to be an excellent scaffold for bone-implant integration.

Download Full-text

Macrophagic Inflammatory Response Next to Dental Implants with Different Macro- and Micro-Structure: An In Vitro Study

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11125324 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 5324

Author(s):

Maria Menini ◽

Francesca Delucchi ◽

Domenico Baldi ◽

Francesco Pera ◽

Francesco Bagnasco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Dental Implants ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Optimal Outcomes ◽

Negative Controls ◽

Inflammatory Effect

(1) Background: Intrinsic characteristics of the implant surface and the possible presence of endotoxins may affect the bone–implant interface and cause an inflammatory response. This study aims to evaluate the possible inflammatory response induced in vitro in macrophages in contact with five different commercially available dental implants. (2) Methods: one zirconia implant NobelPearl® (Nobel Biocare) and four titanium implants, Syra® (Sweden & Martina), Prama® (Sweden & Martina), 3iT3® (Biomet 3i) and Shard® (Mech & Human), were evaluated. After 4 h of contact of murine macrophage cells J774a.1 with the implants, the total RNA was extracted, transcribed to cDNA and the gene expression of the macrophages was evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in relation to the following genes: GAPDH, YWHAZ, IL1β, IL6, TNFα, NOS2, MMP-9, MMP-8 and TIMP3. The results were statistically analyzed and compared with negative controls. (3) Results: No implant triggered a significant inflammatory response in macrophages, although 3iT3 exhibited a slight pro-inflammatory effect compared to other samples. (4) Conclusions: All the samples showed optimal outcomes without any inflammatory stimulus on the examined macrophagic cells.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Surface Change and Roughness in Implants Lost Due to Peri-Implantitis Using Erbium Laser and Various Methods: An In Vitro Study

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11102602 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2602

Author(s):

Aslihan Secgin-Atar ◽

Gokce Aykol-Sahin ◽

Necla Asli Kocak-Oztug ◽

Funda Yalcin ◽

Aslan Gokbuget ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulse Laser ◽

Short Pulse ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Sem Images ◽

Short Pulse Laser ◽

Laser Group ◽

Long Pulse

The aim of our study was to obtain similar surface properties and elemental composition to virgin implants after debridement of contaminated titanium implant surfaces covered with debris. Erbium-doped:yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser, erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser, curette, and ultrasonic device were applied to contaminated implant surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken, the elemental profile of the surfaces was evaluated with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and the surface roughness was analyzed with profilometry. Twenty-eight failed implants and two virgin implants as control were included in the study. The groups were designed accordingly; titanium curette group, ultrasonic scaler with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) tip, Er: YAG very short pulse laser group (100 μs, 120 mJ/pulse 10 Hz), Er: YAG short-pulse laser group (300 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er: YAG long-pulse laser group (600 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG1 laser group (1 W 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG2 laser group (1.5 W, 30 Hz). In each group, four failed implants were debrided for 120 s. When SEM images and EDX findings and profilometry results were evaluated together, Er: YAG long pulse and ultrasonic groups were found to be the most effective for debridement. Furthermore, the two interventions have shown the closest topography of the sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) as seen on virgin implants.

Download Full-text

UV Light Assisted Coating Method of Polyphenol Caffeic Acid and Mediated Immobilization of Metallic Silver Particles for Antibacterial Implant Surface Modification

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11071200 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1200 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ji Yeon Lee ◽

Ludwig Erik Aguilar ◽

Chan Hee Park ◽

Cheol Sang Kim

Keyword(s):

Caffeic Acid ◽

Mechanical Stability ◽

Uv Light ◽

Oxidative Polymerization ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Metallic Silver ◽

Functional Coatings ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Coating Application

Titanium implants are extensively used in biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and superb mechanical stability. In this work, we present the use of polycaffeic acid (PCA) to immobilize metallic silver on the surface of titanium materials to prevent implant bacterial infection. Caffeic acid is a plant-derived phenolic compound, rich in catechol moieties and it can form functional coatings using alkaline buffers and with UV irradiation. This combination can trigger oxidative polymerization and deposition on the surface of metallic substrates. Using PCA can also give advantages in bone implants in decreasing inflammation by decelerating macrophage and osteoclast activity. Here, chemical and physical properties were investigated using FE-SEM, EDS, XPS, AFM, and contact angle. The in vitro biocompatibility and antibacterial studies show that PCA with metallic silver can inhibit bacterial growth, and proliferation of MC-3T3 cells was observed. Therefore, our results suggest that the introduced approach can be considered as a potential method for functional implant coating application in the orthopedic field.

Download Full-text

Controlled implant/soft tissue interaction by nanoscale surface modifications of 3D porous titanium implants

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c5nr01237f ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (21) ◽

pp. 9908-9918 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Elisabeth Rieger ◽

Agnès Dupret-Bories ◽

Laetitia Salou ◽

Marie-Helene Metz-Boutigue ◽

Pierre Layrolle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Surface Modifications ◽

Porous Titanium ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Tissue Response ◽

Soft Tissue Response ◽

Modification Of Titanium

Nanoscale surface modification of titanium microbeads can control the soft tissue response in vitro and in vivo.

Download Full-text

Rap1 controls cell adhesion and cell motility through the regulation of myosin II

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.200607072 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 176 (7) ◽

pp. 1021-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Taeck J. Jeon ◽

Dai-Jen Lee ◽

Sylvain Merlot ◽

Gerald Weeks ◽

Richard A. Firtel

Keyword(s):

Cell Adhesion ◽

Cell Motility ◽

Myosin Ii ◽

Leading Edge ◽

In Vitro Assay ◽

Filamentous Actin ◽

Guanosine Triphosphate ◽

Vitro Assay

We have investigated the role of Rap1 in controlling chemotaxis and cell adhesion in Dictyostelium discoideum. Rap1 is activated rapidly in response to chemoattractant stimulation, and activated Rap1 is preferentially found at the leading edge of chemotaxing cells. Cells expressing constitutively active Rap1 are highly adhesive and exhibit strong chemotaxis defects, which are partially caused by an inability to spatially and temporally regulate myosin assembly and disassembly. We demonstrate that the kinase Phg2, a putative Rap1 effector, colocalizes with Rap1–guanosine triphosphate at the leading edge and is required in an in vitro assay for myosin II phosphorylation, which disassembles myosin II and facilitates filamentous actin–mediated leading edge protrusion. We suggest that Rap1/Phg2 plays a role in controlling leading edge myosin II disassembly while passively allowing myosin II assembly along the lateral sides and posterior of the cell.

Download Full-text

Involvement of Integrin αvβ3and Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 in Transendothelial Migration of Melanoma Cells

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.12.9.2699 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2699-2710 ◽

Cited By ~ 135

Author(s):

Evelyn B. Voura ◽

Ravi A. Ramjeesingh ◽

Anthony M.P. Montgomery ◽

Chi-Hung Siu

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽

Polyclonal Antibodies ◽

Transendothelial Migration ◽

Melanoma Cells ◽

Vitro Assay ◽

Adhesive Interactions

Tumor metastasis involves many stage-specific adhesive interactions. The expression of several cell adhesion molecules, notably the integrin αvβ3, has been associated with the metastatic potential of tumor cells. In this study, we used a novel in vitro assay to examine the role of αvβ3 in the transmigration of melanoma cells through a monolayer of human lung microvascular endothelial cells. Confocal microscopy revealed the presence of the integrin αvβ3 on melanoma membrane protrusions and pseudopods penetrating the endothelial junction. αvβ3 was also enriched in heterotypic contacts between endothelial cells and melanoma cells. Transendothelial migration of melanoma cells was inhibited by either a cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide or the anti-αvβ3monoclonal antibody LM609. Although both platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and L1 are known to bind integrin αvβ3, only L1 serves as a potential ligand for αvβ3 during melanoma transendothelial migration. Also, polyclonal antibodies against L1 partially inhibited the transendothelial migration of melanoma cells. However, addition of both L1 and αvβ3 antibodies did not show additive effects, suggesting that they are components of the same adhesion system. Together, the data suggest that interactions between the integrin αvβ3 on melanoma cells and L1 on endothelial cells play an important role in the transendothelial migration of melanoma cells.

Download Full-text

A Direct Interaction of Axonin-1 with Ngcam-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule (Nrcam) Results in Guidance, but Not Growth of Commissural Axons

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.149.4.951 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 149 (4) ◽

pp. 951-968 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Dora Fitzli ◽

Esther T. Stoeckli ◽

Stefan Kunz ◽

Kingsley Siribour ◽

Christoph Rader ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Adhesion ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽

Direct Interaction ◽

Longitudinal Axis ◽

Vitro Assay ◽

Commissural Axons ◽

Related Cell

An interaction of growth cone axonin-1 with the floor-plate NgCAM-related cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) was shown to play a crucial role in commissural axon guidance across the midline of the spinal cord. We now provide evidence that axonin-1 mediates a guidance signal without promoting axon elongation. In an in vitro assay, commissural axons grew preferentially on stripes coated with a mixture of NrCAM and NgCAM. This preference was abolished in the presence of anti–axonin-1 antibodies without a decrease in neurite length. Consistent with these findings, commissural axons in vivo only fail to extend along the longitudinal axis when both NrCAM and NgCAM interactions, but not when axonin-1 and NrCAM or axonin-1 and NgCAM interactions, are perturbed. Thus, we conclude that axonin-1 is involved in guidance of commissural axons without promoting their growth.

Download Full-text

Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Early Osseointegration With Bioactive Titanium

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.689807 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yarong Wang ◽

Zekun Gan ◽

Haibin Lu ◽

Ziyi Liu ◽

Peng Shang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

High Altitude ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Altitude Hypoxia ◽

Oral Implants ◽

Hypoxic Environment

Nowadays, the bone osseointegration in different environments is comparable, but the mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the osseointegration of different bioactive titanium surfaces under normoxic or high-altitude hypoxic environments. Titanium implants were subjected to one of two surface treatments: (1) sanding, blasting, and acid etching to obtain a rough surface, or (2) extensive polishing to obtain a smooth surface. Changes in the morphology, proliferation, and protein expression of osteoblasts on the rough and smooth surfaces were examined, and bone formation was studied through western blotting and animal-based experiments. Our findings found that a hypoxic environment and rough titanium implant surface promoted the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts and activated the JAK1/STAT1/HIF-1α pathway in vitro. The animal study revealed that following implant insertion in tibia of rabbit, bone repair at high altitudes was slower than that at low altitudes (i.e., in plains) after 2weeks; however, bone formation did not differ significantly after 4weeks. The results of our study showed that: (1) The altitude hypoxia environment would affect the early osseointegration of titanium implants while titanium implants with rough surfaces can mitigate the effects of this hypoxic environment on osseointegration, (2) the mechanism may be related to the activation of JAK1/STAT1/HIF-1α pathway, and (3) our results suggest the osteogenesis of titanium implants, such as oral implants, is closely related to the oxygen environment. Clinical doctors, especially dentists, should pay attention to the influence of hypoxia on early osseointegration in patients with high altitude. For example, it is better to choose an implant system with rough implant surface in the oral cavity of patients with tooth loss at high altitude.

Download Full-text

Titanium implants modified by laser microtexturing enhance the bioactivity of gastric epithelial cells and fibroblast cells

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials ◽

10.1177/22808000211064951 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 228080002110649

Author(s):

Zhaoxiong Zhang ◽

Yuanchun Li ◽

Ting Zhang ◽

Xiaoyang Yang ◽

Kaihu Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Adhesion ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Gastric Epithelial Cells ◽

3T3 Cells ◽

Anastomotic Complications ◽

Digestive Tract Surgery

The clinical application of anastomotic instruments improves the efficiency of the digestive tract surgery. However, the stapler with titanium nails implanted is still controversial in terms of anastomotic complications, and further improvement and optimization are needed. The purpose of this study was to explore the optimal microtextured parameters that could enhance the bioactivity of titanium implants in vitro. Laser microtexturing technology was used to construct the groove-type microstructural surfaces with different parameters, and human gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1 cells) and mouse fibroblasts (3T3 cells) were cultured on the surface of the titanium plates in vitro. The data of cell adhesion, cell proliferation and cell activity were obtained and statistically analyzed. The textured titanium plates meet the expected design. GES-1 and 3T3 cell adhesion were better in the surface of titanium plates in microstructural group than that in the polished group. GES-1 and 3T3 cells also showed higher proliferative activity in the microstructural group compared with the polished group. The laser textured titanium plates have good groove-type microstructure, which increase the surface roughness, change the surface wettability, promote the adhesion, proliferating and orderly growth of GES-1 and 3T3 cells, and show good biological properties.

Download Full-text

Early Biological Response of a Ultra-Hydrophilic Implant Surface Activated by Salts and Dry Technology: In Vitro Study on MC3T3-E1 Osteogenic Cell Line

10.20944/preprints202106.0375.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francesco Gianfreda ◽

Carlo Raffone ◽

Donato Antonacci ◽

Federico Mussano ◽

Tullio Genova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Adhesion ◽

Surface Energy ◽

Cell Line ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Adhesion Assay ◽

Osteogenic Cell ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Osteogenic Response

New implant surfaces created by sandblasting and acid etching enhance osseointegration processes. Surface energy seems to be an aspect of paramount importance in the first phase of healing, supporting protein adsorption and cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and bone mineralization. New methods were introduced to preserve over time and improve surface energy such as wet storage or bioactivation through salts coating created with dry technology. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic response of pre-osteoblast lineage cells to dry bioactivated surface. MC3T3-E1 osteogenic cell line were cultured on ABT (SLA surface) and NANO (SLA surface with dry bioactive technology)., cell adhesion assay, proliferation assay and cell morphology were performed. Despite both surface treatments were able to support regular morphology; cell adhesion and proliferation were statistically improved ( p.value&lt;0,05) on ABT disks. Regardless of the encouraging effects on surface energy of dry bioactivation technology with salts, this results suggest that further investigations are needed to evaluate the exact role of salts after solubilitation during the early stages of healing and the possible interactions that may hinder cells adhesion, proliferation, differentiation.

Download Full-text