Experimental Investigation of a Slip in High-Performance Steel-Concrete Small Box Girder with Different Combinations of Group Studs

Due to the significant advantages of steel-concrete composite beams, they are widely used for accelerated bridge construction (ABC). However, there is still a lack of experimental research on the proper design of ABC, especially in the slip with a different group of shear connectors. As a component of steel-concrete composite structure, shear studs play a vital role in the performance of composite structures. This paper investigates the influence of group studs in simply supported and continuous box girders. To this end, three sets of simply supported steel-concrete composite small box girders and two continuous steel-concrete composite small box girders were made with different groups of shear studs, and the slip generated along the beams was recorded under different caseloads. The results were then compared with the proposed simplified equations. The results show that the slip value of the test beam is inversely proportional to the degree of shear connection. The slip of Simply Supported Prefabricated Beam-3 (SPB3) is 1.247 times more than Simply Supported Prefabricated Beam-1 (SPB1), and 2.023 times more than Simply Supported Prifabricated Beam-2 (SPB2). Also, the slip value of Experimental Continuous Beam-1 (ECB1) is 1.952 times more than Experimental Continuous Beam-2 (ECB2). The higher the degree of shear connection, the smaller the maximum slip value.

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FIRE RESISTACE OF SHEAR CONNECTORS FOR COMPOSITE BEAMS

Building and reconstruction ◽

10.33979/2073-7416-2020-92-6-59-65 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 59-65

Author(s):

G.P. TONKIH ◽

◽

D.A. CHESNOKOV ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Fire Resistance ◽

Composite Structure ◽

Composite Structures ◽

Composite Beams ◽

Design Codes ◽

Connection Strength ◽

Shear Connectors ◽

Shear Connection ◽

Capacity Reduction ◽

Russian Research

Most of Russian research about composite structure fire resistance are dedicated to the composite slab behavior. The composite beams fire resistance had been never investigated in enough volume: the temperature evaluation within the scope of the actual Russian design codes leads to the significant reduction in the shear connection strength. Meanwhile, there no correlation between the strength decreasing and type of the shear connection. The article provides an overview of the relevant researches and offers some approaches which could take into account bearing capacity reduction of the shear connectors within composite structures design.

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Study on Behaviour of Stud Type Shear Connector in Composite Beam Using ANSYS

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i3.10.15629 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3.10) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

T Subramani ◽

A Periasamy

Keyword(s):

Composite Beam ◽

Composite Structures ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Concrete Slab ◽

Composite Beams ◽

Vital Role ◽

Shear Connector ◽

Structural Behaviour ◽

Shear Connectors ◽

High Rise

Composite plays a vital role in replacing the existing mild steel in reinforcement and exterior truss structure. This study proposed to design shear connector for joining concrete slab and steel section. Shear connectors has analyzed and predict the best connector for a particular composite beam with respect to static load and the amount of steel in the connector as a common aspect. The use of composite structures is increasingly present in civil construction works nowadays. Composite beams, especially, are structures which include substances, a metal phase placed in particular inside the tension region and a concrete phase, positioned in the compression go sectional location, both are related with the aid of steel gadgets called shear connectors. The main features of this connector are to permit the weight for the joint the beam-column, to restriction longitudinal slipping and uplifting on the factors interface the shear forces. Our project paper presents 3D numerical models of steel-concrete composite beams to simulate their structural behaviour, with emphasis on the beam column interface using Simulations software ANSYS 18.1 based on the Finite Element Method. Mostly these type of structures are widely used in the dynamic loading structures like bridges and high rise buildings.

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Development of Shear Connections in Steelconcrete Composite Structures

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports ◽

10.1515/ceer-2014-0032 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 23-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Antoni Biegus ◽

Wojciech Lorenc

Keyword(s):

Composite Structures ◽

Basic Research ◽

Special Focus ◽

Shear Connectors ◽

Shear Connection ◽

Shear Connections ◽

Continuous Shear ◽

Modelling Techniques ◽

Year 2000 ◽

Modern Solution

Abstract Different types of shear connectors and modelling techniques are presented. Basic research conducted or presented after year 2000 is taken into consideration, following the idea of concrete dowel implemented in the form of perfobond strip at the beginning of the 1980s by F. Leonhardt. The latest research in the field of continuous shear connectors applied in bridges is highlited with special focus at the composite dowel shear connection, as it seems to be the most modern solution being strongly introduced to the industry. Final shape of composite dowel shear connection is presented.

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Analysis of Performance of Local Puzzle Sheet in a Joint Made of UHPC

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.272.141 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 272 ◽

pp. 141-146

Author(s):

Pavel Jursík ◽

Jan L. Vítek ◽

David Čítek

Keyword(s):

Composite Structures ◽

Concrete Slab ◽

Experimental Measurements ◽

Composite Action ◽

Shear Connectors ◽

Shear Connection ◽

High Bond ◽

Key Features ◽

Precast Elements ◽

Analysis Of Performance

Nowadays the extraordinary mechanical properties of UHPC can be used for real structures. The exceptionally high bond of reinforcement and UHPC together with significant shortening of lap length are the key features for the simplification of joining of precast elements. The properties of UHPC can be very well used also for providing of subsequent shear connection of composite structures. This paper is focused on analysis of performance of a combined joint where connection of precast elements as well as subsequent composite action between steel and concrete parts of steel-concrete composite structure are carried out in one compact detail. Instead of the traditional headed shear studs there were used local perforated puzzle sheets. More resilient connection of shear sheets to the top flange and a high resistance of UHPC allow for reduction of the extent of shear connectors. In experimental measurements carried out on six beams the behavior of shear connection of conventional monolithic concrete slab with continuous perforated shear sheet and shear connection of precast slab with the joint made of UHPC with local puzzle sheets were compared. During the experiment it has been proven that the performance of the beams with both variants of shear connection is very similar even with the significant reduction of the extent of shear connectors. Numerical analysis which describes the stressing in this detail confirms such behavior.

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REVIEW OF VARIOUS SHEAR CONNECTORS IN COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

10.18057/ijasc.2021.17.4.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Composite Structures ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Concrete Slabs ◽

Composite Action ◽

Shear Connectors ◽

Shear Connection ◽

Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽

Reinforced Polymer ◽

Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽

Strength And Stiffness

Shear connectors are devices that provide shear connection at the interface of steel girders and reinforced concrete slabs in composite structures to accomplish composite action in a flexure. The seismic response of composite structures can be controlled using properly designed shear connectors. This state-of-the-art review article presents considerable information about the distinct types of shear connectors employed in composite structures. Various types of shear connectors, their uniqueness and characteristics, testing methods and findings obtained during the last decade are reviewed. The literature, efficacy, and applicability of the different categories of shear connectors, for example, headed studs, perfobond ribs, fibre reinforced polymer perfobonds, channels, pipes, Hilti X-HVB, composite dowels, demountable bolted shear connectors, and shear connectors in composite column are thoroughly studied. The conclusions made provide a response to the flow of the use of shear connectors for their behaviours, strength, and stiffness to achieve composite action.

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Testing of composite girders with coiled spring pin shear connectors

10.2749/ghent.2021.1700 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Hällmark ◽

Rasoul Nilforoush ◽

Victor Vestman ◽

Peter Collin

Keyword(s):

Composite Structures ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Moment Capacity ◽

Shear Connectors ◽

Shear Connection ◽

Girder Bridges ◽

Coiled Spring ◽

Cost Efficient ◽

Structural Parts ◽

Existing Bridges

<p>Today, steel girder bridges with concrete deck slabs are generally constructed as steel-concrete composite structures, to utilize the material and the structural parts in an efficient way. However, many existing bridges constructed before the early 1980´s were designed without shear connectors at the steel-concrete interface. With increasing traffics loads and higher amount of load cycles, there is sometimes a need to strengthen these bridges. One way to increase the bending moment capacity is to create composite action by post-installation of shear connectors. The authors have studied the concept of strengthening by post-installed shear connectors, with a focus on a connector called coiled spring pin. This paper presents the results from the first beam tests performed with this kind of shear connector. In line with the previous push-out tests, the test results indicate a very ductile shear connection, with a potential to be a material- and cost-efficient strengthening alternative.</p>

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Experimental Behavior of Steel-Concrete Composite Girders with UHPC-Grout Strip Shear Connection

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings11050182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Zhi-Qi He ◽

Changxue Ou ◽

Fei Tian ◽

Zhao Liu

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

High Performance Concrete ◽

Fatigue Testing ◽

Ultimate Capacity ◽

Horizontal Shear ◽

Interface Failure ◽

Interface Shear ◽

Composite Action ◽

Shear Connection ◽

Push Out

This paper develops a new type of shear connection for steel-concrete composite bridges using Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) as the connection grout. The UHPC-grout strip shear connection is fabricated by preforming a roughened slot in the concrete deck slab, welding an embossed steel rib longitudinally to the upper flange of the steel girder, and casting the strip void between the slot and the steel rib with UHPC grout. The structural performance of the new connection was validated by two sets of experimental tests, including push-out testing of shear connectors and static and fatigue testing of composite beams. The results of push-out testing indicate that the UHPC-grout strip shear connection exhibits a significant improvement of ductility, ultimate capacity, and fatigue performance. The interface shear strength of the UHPC-grout strip connection is beyond 15 MPa, which is about three times that of the strip connection using traditional cementitious grouts. The ultimate capacity of the connection is dominated by the interface failure between the embossed steel and the UHPC grout. The results of composite-beam testing indicate that full composite action is developed between the precast decks and the steel beams, and the composite action remained intact after testing for two million load cycles. Finally, the trail design of a prototype bridge shows that this new connection has the potential to meet the requirements for horizontal shear.

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High Performance NbMoTa–Al2O3 Multilayer Composite Structure Manufacturing by Laser Directed Energy Deposition

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14071685 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 1685

Author(s):

Hang Zhang ◽

Zihao Chen ◽

Yaoyao He ◽

Xin Guo ◽

Qingyu Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smart Materials ◽

Composite Structure ◽

Composite Structures ◽

High Performance ◽

Energy Deposition ◽

Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽

Multilayer Composite ◽

Forming Process ◽

Directed Energy Deposition ◽

Directed Energy

The conventional method of preparing metal–ceramic composite structures causes delamination and cracking defects due to differences in the composite structures’ properties, such as the coefficient of thermal expansion between metal and ceramic materials. Laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) technology has a unique advantage in that the composition of the materials can be changed during the forming process. This technique can overcome existing problems by forming composite structures. In this study, a multilayer composite structure was prepared using LDED technology, and different materials were deposited with their own appropriate process parameters. A layer of Al2O3 ceramic was deposited first, and then three layers of a NbMoTa multi-principal element alloy (MPEA) were deposited as a single composite structural unit. A specimen of the NbMoTa–Al2O3 multilayer composite structure, composed of multiple composite structural units, was formed on the upper surface of a φ20 mm × 60 mm cylinder. The wear resistance was improved by 55% compared to the NbMoTa. The resistivity was 1.55 × 10−5 Ω × m in the parallel forming direction and 1.29 × 10−7 Ω × m in the vertical forming direction. A new, electrically anisotropic material was successfully obtained, and this study provides experimental methods and data for the preparation of smart materials and new sensors.

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Effects of Molecular Weight of Functionalized Liquid Butadiene Rubber as a Processing Aid on the Properties of SSBR/Silica Compounds

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13060850 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 850

Author(s):

Donghyuk Kim ◽

Byungkyu Ahn ◽

Kihyun Kim ◽

JongYeop Lee ◽

Il Jin Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Anionic Polymerization ◽

High Performance ◽

Crosslink Density ◽

Functional Group ◽

Vital Role ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Mooney Viscosity ◽

Silica Dispersion

Liquid butadiene rubber (LqBR) which used as a processing aid play a vital role in the manufacturing of high-performance tire tread compounds. However, the studies on the effect of molecular weight, microstructure, and functionalization of LqBR on the properties of compounds are still insufficient. In this study, non-functionalized and center-functionalized liquid butadiene rubbers (N-LqBR and C-LqBR modified with ethoxysilyl group, respectively) were synthesized with low vinyl content and different molecular weights using anionic polymerization. In addition, LqBR was added to the silica-filled SSBR compounds as an alternative to treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE) oil, and the effect of molecular weight and functionalization on the properties of the silica-filled SSBR compound was examined. C-LqBR showed a low Payne effect and Mooney viscosity because of improved silica dispersion due to the ethoxysilyl functional group. Furthermore, C-LqBR showed an increased crosslink density, improved mechanical properties, and reduced organic matter extraction compared to the N-LqBR compound. LqBR reduced the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the compound significantly, thereby improving snow traction and abrasion resistance compared to TDAE oil. Furthermore, the energy loss characteristics revealed that the hysteresis loss attributable to the free chain ends of LqBR was dominant.

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Analysis of Composite Structures in Curing Process for Shape Deformations and Shear Stress: Basis for Advanced Optimization

Journal of Composites Science ◽

10.3390/jcs5020063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Niraj Kumbhare ◽

Reza Moheimani ◽

Hamid Dalir

Keyword(s):

Composite Structures ◽

Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽

Vital Role ◽

Optimization Techniques ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Curing Process ◽

Input Variables ◽

Transient Thermal ◽

Prototype Design ◽

Shape Deformations

Identifying residual stresses and the distortions in composite structures during the curing process plays a vital role in coming up with necessary compensations in the dimensions of mold or prototypes and having precise and optimized parts for the manufacturing and assembly of composite structures. This paper presents an investigation into process-induced shape deformations in composite parts and structures, as well as a comparison of the analysis results to finalize design parameters with a minimum of deformation. A Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method was used to generate the required random points of the input variables. These variables were then executed with the Ansys Composite Cure Simulation (ACCS) tool, which is an advanced tool used to find stress and distortion values using a three-step analysis, including Ansys Composite PrepPost, transient thermal analysis, and static structural analysis. The deformation results were further utilized to find an optimum design to manufacture a complex composite structure with the compensated dimensions. The simulation results of the ACCS tool are expected to be used by common optimization techniques to finalize a prototype design so that it can reduce common manufacturing errors like warpage, spring-in, and distortion.

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