scholarly journals Fabrication of Green Diatomite/Chitosan-Based Hybrid Foams with Dye Sorption Capacity

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3760
Author(s):  
Barbara Galzerano ◽  
Carmen I. Cabello ◽  
Mercedes Muñoz ◽  
Giovanna G. Buonocore ◽  
Paolo Aprea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Green Materials ◽  
Dye Sorption ◽  
Hybrid Foams ◽  
Adsorbent Capacity

The latest tendency of the scientific community regards the development of different classes of green materials able to solve pollution problems caused by industrial and human activity. In this paper, chitosan and diatomite were used to produce a broad-spectrum hybrid adsorbent, either in powder or in monolithic form for environmental pollutant removal. Diatomite–chitosan-based powders and porous diatomite–chitosan hybrids were prepared and characterized by chemical-physical, thermal and morphological analysis. Moreover, their adsorbent capacity towards anionic dye (Indigo Carmine) was also evaluated. Obtained data showed that chitosan improves the adsorption capacity of both systems, increasing the uptake of dye in both diatomite–chitosan systems.

scholarly journals Chitosan/Zeolite Composite Aerogels for a Fast and Effective Removal of Both Anionic and Cationic Dyes from Water

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1691
Author(s):  
Angela Marotta ◽  
Enrica Luzzi ◽  
Martina Salzano de Luna ◽  
Paolo Aprea ◽  
Veronica Ambrogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Zeolite 13X ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Composite Aerogels ◽  
Zeolite Composite ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Organic dyes are extensively used in many industrial sectors, and their uncontrolled disposal into wastewaters raises serious concerns for environmental and human health. Due to the large variety of such pollutants, an effective remediation strategy should be characterized by a broad-spectrum efficacy. A promising strategy is represented by the combination of different adsorbent materials with complementary functionalities to develop composite materials that are expected to remove different contaminants. In the present work, a broad-spectrum adsorbent was developed by embedding zeolite 13X powder (ZX) in a chitosan (CS) aerogel (1:1 by weight). The CS–ZX composite adsorbent removes both anionic (indigo carmine, IC) and cationic (methylene blue, MB) dyes effectively, with a maximum uptake capacity of 221 mg/g and 108 mg/g, respectively. In addition, the adsorption kinetics are rather fast, with equilibrium conditions attained in less than 2 h. The composite exhibits good mechanical properties in both dry and wet state, which enables its handling for reusability purposes. In this regard, preliminary tests show that the full restoration of the IC removal ability over three adsorption–desorption cycles is achieved using a 0.1 M NaOH aqueous solution, while a 1 M NaCl aqueous solution allows one to preserve >60% of the MB removal ability.

Medical eponyms: redeeming or not the long-standing tradition

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-140420
Author(s):  
Yandy Marx Castillo Aleman
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Medical Background

BackgroundHealthcare workers often use terms such as Apgar, Babinski or Glasgow in their routine duties. These terms are used worldwide; they are universal and recognised in various languages. Medical eponyms are immutable by the nature; they save valuable time by streamlining communication among health professionals. However, some of these terms lack accuracy and lead to confusion.Objective and methodsThis perspective article aims to analyse the current status of the divergent trends about redeeming (or not) the long-standing tradition of using medical eponyms. Multiple positions regarding the use of these terms have been expressed in the medical literature, and these are summarised in the manuscript. Although, this compilation is based primarily on the author’s medical background and experience.ResultsThere is an interesting debate in the scientific community about the suitability of certain eponyms. Defenders and detractors argue a broad spectrum of points, but there is still no international consensus. The use of classical, ethical and well-recognised medical eponyms will remain a cornerstone in daily clinical settings, textbooks and medical journals. However, their use can be inconsistent or confused in specific conditions, and they can be influenced by local geography and culture.ConclusionsThere is a need to refrain from using unethical and controversial eponyms throughout the whole of science. Further academic and scientific efforts should be addressed to provide a structural systematisation, semantic classification and etymological categorisation on the use of medical eponyms.

scholarly journals Digital Chromoendoscopy for Diagnosis of Diminutive Colorectal Lesions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Daniele Malaman ◽  
César Vivian Lopes ◽  
Júlio Carlos Pereira-Lima ◽  
Artur Adolfo Parada
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Hyperplastic Polyps ◽  
Pit Pattern ◽  
Virtual Chromoendoscopy

Introduction. To compare the accuracy of digital and real-time chromoendoscopy for the differential diagnosis of diminutive (<5 mm) neoplastic and nonneoplastic colorectal lesions. Materials and Methods. This is a prospective randomized study comparing the Fujinon intelligent color enhancement (FICE) system (65 patients/95 lesions) and indigo carmine (69 patients/120 lesions) in the analysis of capillary meshwork and pit pattern, respectively. All lesions were less than 5 mm in diameter, and magnification was used in both groups. Histopathology was the gold standard examination. Results. Of 215 colorectal lesions, 153 (71.2%) were adenomas, and 62 were hyperplastic polyps (28.8%). Morphological analysis revealed 132 (61.4%) superficial lesions, with 7 (3.3%) depressed lesions, and 83 (38.6%) protruding lesions. Vascular meshwork analysis using FICE and magnification resulted in 91.7% sensitivity, 95.7% specificity, and 92.6% accuracy in differentiating neoplastic from nonneoplastic lesions. Pit pattern analysis with indigo carmine and magnification showed 96.5% sensitivity, 88.2% specificity, and 94.2% accuracy for the same purpose. Conclusion. Both magnifying virtual chromoendoscopy and indigo carmine chromoendoscopy showed high accuracy in the histopathological diagnosis of colorectal lesions less than 5 mm in diameter.

scholarly journals Glyphosate Use, Toxicity and Occurrence in Food

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2785
Author(s):  
Diogo Soares ◽  
Liliana Silva ◽  
Sofia Duarte ◽  
Angelina Pena ◽  
André Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The Impact

Glyphosate is a systemic, broad-spectrum and post-emergent herbicide. The use of glyphosate has grown in the last decades, and it is currently the most used herbicide worldwide. The rise of glyphosate consumption over the years also brought an increased concern about its possible toxicity and consequences for human health. However, a scientific community consensus does not exist at the present time, and glyphosate’s safety and health consequences are controversial. Since glyphosate is mainly applied in fields and can persist several months in the soil, concerns have been raised about the impact that its presence in food can cause in humans. Therefore, this work aims to review the glyphosate use, toxicity and occurrence in diverse food samples, which, in certain cases, occurs at violative levels. The incidence of glyphosate at levels above those legally allowed and the suspected toxic effects of this compound raise awareness regarding public health.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of POM-Based Photocatalyst for Degradation of Pollutant Organic Dyes

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 2166-2169
Author(s):  
Ya Bing Liu ◽  
Hong Jie Wang ◽  
Hong Kai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Photocatalytic Property ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Chemical Formula ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions

The activated photocatalysts are urgently needed for the application of photocatalytic techniques in environmental pollutant removal. A POM - based photocatalyst with the chemical formula of (4, 4’-H2bpy)( 4, 4’-Hbpy)2[SiW12O40]·4H2O (1) has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by the elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 consists of 4, 4’-bipyridine unit and keggin type polyoxometalates [SiW12O40]4-. There are hydrogen-bonding interactions between polyoxometalates, 4, 4’-bipyridine and water molecules in 1, forming a new 3-D networks. The degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under UV-vis irradiation with 1 as the heterogeneous photocatalyst has been investigated, showing a good photocatalytic property of 1 for RhB degradation.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic and Oxidative Synthetic Pathways for Highly Efficient PANI-TiO2 Nanocomposites as Organic and Inorganic Pollutant Sorbents

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Cionti ◽  
Cristina Della Pina ◽  
Daniela Meroni ◽  
Ermelinda Falletta ◽  
Silvia Ardizzone
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Inorganic Pollutant ◽  
Dye Sorption ◽  
Maximum Sorption

Polyaniline (PANI)-materials have recently been proposed for environmental remediation applications thanks to PANI stability and sorption properties. As an alternative to conventional PANI oxidative syntheses, which involve toxic carcinogenic compounds, an eco-friendly procedure was here adopted starting from benign reactants (aniline-dimer and H2O2) and initiated by ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated TiO2. To unlock the full potential of this procedure, we investigated the roles of TiO2 and H2O2 in the nanocomposites synthesis, with the aim of tailoring the properties of the final material to the desired application. The nanocomposites prepared by varying the TiO2:H2O2:aniline-dimer molar ratios were characterized for their thermal, optical, morphological, structural and surface properties. The reaction mechanism was investigated via mass analyses and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The nanocomposites were tested on both methyl orange and hexavalent chromium removal. A fast dye-sorption was achieved also in the presence of interferents and the recovery of the dye was obtained upon eco-friendly conditions. An efficient Cr(VI) abatement was obtained also after consecutive tests and without any regeneration treatment. The fine understanding of the reaction mechanism allowed us to interpret the pollutant-removal performances of the different materials, leading to tailored nanocomposites in terms of maximum sorption and reduction capability upon consecutive tests even in simulated drinking water.

Preparation of Cellulose Nanocrystal Aerogel from Wastepaper through Freeze-Drying Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Hazman Danial ◽  
Zaiton Abdul Majid ◽  
Mohd Nazlan Mohd Muhid ◽  
Mohd Bakri Bakar ◽  
Zainab Ramli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cellulose Nanomaterials ◽  
Scanning Electron

Cellulose nanomaterials processing for aerogel preparation has received considerable attention among the scientific community due to its fascinating properties. In this work, we report on the preparation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) aerogel from wastepaper using a freeze-drying technique. Structural analysis of the cellulosic particles extracted was investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Morphological analysis of the extracted cellulose and CNCs were carried out by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. We achieved density of aerogel down to 0.012 g/cm3 which is comparable with typical values of cellulosic aerogels. The preparation of the CNCs aerogel might offers a wide range of aerogel applications through an environmentally friendly conversion of wastepaper material.

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