scholarly journals Research on the Properties of Mineral–Cement Emulsion Mixtures Using Recycled Road Pavement Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Łukasz Skotnicki ◽  
Jarosław Kuźniewski ◽  
Antoni Szydło
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Cement Binder ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
By Products

The reduction in natural resources and aspects of environmental protection necessitate alternative uses of waste materials in the area of construction. Recycling is also observed in road construction where mineral–cement emulsion (MCE) mixtures are applied. The MCE mix is a conglomerate that can be used to make the base layer in road pavement structures. MCE mixes contain reclaimed asphalt from old, degraded road surfaces, aggregate improving the gradation, asphalt emulsion, and cement as a binder. The use of these ingredients, especially cement, can cause shrinkage and cracks in road layers. The article presents selected issues related to the problem of cracking in MCE mixtures. The authors of the study focused on reducing the cracking phenomenon in MCE mixes by using an innovative cement binder with recycled materials. The innovative cement binder based on dusty by-products from cement plants also contributes to the optimization of the recycling process in road surfaces. The research was carried out in the field of stiffness, fatigue life, crack resistance, and shrinkage analysis of mineral–cement emulsion mixes. It was found that it was possible to reduce the stiffness and the cracking in MCE mixes. The use of innovative binders will positively affect the durability of road pavements.

scholarly journals Laboratory characterization of reclaimed asphalt pavement for road construction in Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mousa ◽  
A. Azam ◽  
M. El-Shabrawy ◽  
S.M. El-Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Load Duration ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the engineering characteristics of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), blended with virgin aggregate for unbound base and subbase layers. The proportions of RAP were 0%, 20%, 60%, 80%, and 100% by total mass of the blend. The experimental laboratory testing included index properties such as gradation, modified Proctor compaction, California Bearing Ratio, and hydraulic conductivity. Repeated load resilient modulus testing was conducted on the blends. The impact of load duration on resilient modulus was also investigated. A strong inverse trend was found between resilient modulus and California Bearing Ratio. An accurate model was proposed for the prediction of the resilient modulus as a function of stress state and reclaimed asphalt pavement percentage with coefficient of determination of 0.94. Finally, multilayer elastic analysis of typical pavement sections with the base layer constructed of virgin aggregate and reclaimed asphalt pavement blends showed good performance.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of steel slag replaced mineral aggregate for road base/sub-base application based Vietnam and Japan standard

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Tung Dang ◽  
Manh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tan Phong Nguyen ◽  
Tomoo Isawa ◽  
Yasutaka Ta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Steelmaking Slag ◽  
Mineral Aggregate ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Volume Stability ◽  
Road Pavement

AbstractSteelmaking slag is one of the most massive industrial by-products generated during steelmaking processes. This paper presents the current steelmaking slag production status and its potential to use as mineral aggregates in base/sub-base layer of road pavement. The mechanical properties of steelmaking slag were confirmed by the test method specified in Vietnam specification. The volume stability test of the slag was conducted based on JIS A 5015-2018 (Japanese Industrial Standard: Iron and steel slag for road construction). From the results, it was confirmed that steelmaking slag can satisfy all the mechanical requirements specified in Vietnam specification and the requirements regarding stability specified in JIS A 5015-2018. In addition, it was found that the elastic modulus of steelmaking slag applied as a base or sub-base layer in pavement was higher than that of the conventional graded aggregate made from mineral aggregate. Therefore, the thickness of pavement can be reduced by using steelmaking slag, and the construction cost can be lower.

scholarly journals Analisis Tebal Lapis Perkerasan Jalan dengan Meninjau Sifat Fisik Agregat Lapis Fondasi Bawah pada Ruas Jalan Sofi-Wayabula Pulau Morotai. (Hal. 97-107)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nurul Fauziah Endah Ningtyas ◽  
Samun Haris
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Strength Coefficient ◽  
The Road ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Base Course

ABSTRAKJalan sebagai sarana penunjang transportasi darat memiliki peran penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia. Salah satu material penting dalam pembuatan jalan adalah agregat. Sifat fisik agregat menjadi salah satu faktor penentu tebal lapisan struktur perkerasan. Ruas jalan Sofi–Wayabula adalah ruas jalan nasional strategis di Pulau Morotai dengan menggunakan perkerasan lentur. Agregat yang digunakan untuk lapis fondasi bawah pada ruas jalan ini adalah kombinasi agregat Eks. Palu dengan agregat Eks. Morotai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tebal lapis fondasi bawah berdasarkan koefisien kekuatan relatif ( ) yang didapat dari nilai CBR kombinasi agregat Eks. Palu dengan agregat Eks. Morotai dan agregat Eks. Palu pada struktur perkerasan lentur. Dari hasil perhitungan metode Manual Perkerasan Jalan 2017 didapatkan tebal lapis fondasi bawah sebesar 15 cm, bernilai sama, baik menggunakan kombinasi agregat Eks. Palu dengan agregat Eks. Morotai, maupun agregat Eks. Palu. Sedangkan, dengan menggunakan Pedoman Perkerasan Jalan Lentur 2011 didapat tebal lapis fondasi bawah sebesar 15,054 cm untuk kombinasi agregat Eks. Palu dengan agregat Eks. Morotai dan 14,608 cm untuk agregat Eks. Palu.Kata Kunci: perkerasan lentur, koefisien kekuatan relatif, lapis fondasi bawah. ABSTRACTRoads as a means of supporting land transportation have an important role to meet human needs. One of important material in road construction is aggregate. The aggregate physical properties become one of the determinants of the pavement thickness structure layer. The road segment of Sofi-Wayabula is a strategic national road in Morotai Island by using flexible pavement. The aggregate used for the sub-base course of the road is combination of aggregate Ex. Palu with Ex. Morotai aggregate. The purpose of this research is to analyze the thickness of the sub-base course based on relative strength coefficient  (a3) obtained from the value of CBR combination of aggregate Ex. Palu with Ex. Morotai aggregate and aggregate Ex. Palu on flexible pavement structures. From the calculation results of the Pavement Road Manual method 2017, the thick of sub-base course is 15 cm, have equal value using the combination of Ex. Palu aggregate with Ex. Morotai aggregate or the Ex.Palu aggregate. Meanwhile, by using Flexible Road Pavement Guideline 2011 the thickness of the sub-base course is 15,054 cm for combination of Ex.Palu aggregate with Ex. Morotai aggregate and 14,608 cm for Ex.Palu.Keywords: flexible pavement, relative strength coefficient, sub-base course.

scholarly journals Stiffness Identification of Foamed Asphalt Mixtures with Cement, Evaluated in Laboratory and In Situ in Road Pavements

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Skotnicki ◽  
Jarosław Kuźniewski ◽  
Antoni Szydlo
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Foamed Asphalt ◽  
Fatigue Durability ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Correlation Factors

The article presents the possibilities of using foamed asphalt in the recycling process to produce the base layer of road pavement constructions in Polish conditions. Foamed asphalt was combined with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and hydraulic binder (cement). Foamed asphalt mixtures with cement (FAC) were made, based on these ingredients. To reduce stiffness and cracking in the base layer, foamed asphalt (FA) was additionally used in the analyzed mixes containing cement. The laboratory analyzes allowed to estimate the stiffness and fatigue durability of the conglomerate. In the experimental section, measurements of deflections are made, modules of pavement layers are calculated, and their fatigue durability is determined. As a result of the research, new fatigue criteria for FAC mixtures and correlation factors of stiffness modules and fatigue durability in situ with the results of laboratory tests are developed. It is anticipated that FAC recycling technology will provide durable and safe road pavements.

Study on the Properties of Sand Sheet Asphalt Mixture Using Old Road Pavement Milling and Asphalt Emulsion

2016 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
I. Nyoman Arya Thanaya ◽  
I.G.R. Purbanto ◽  
I.M.S.J. Negara
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Natural Aggregate ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Dynamic Creep ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Sand Sheet

This paper describes experiments on sand sheet (SS) asphalt mixture utilizing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) from road milling of old road pavement. Natural aggregate was added to adjust the aggregate grading to closely meet specification. The mixture was bound with asphalt emulsion cationic rapid setting (CRS), type CRS-1. The SS mix was produced by hotmix procedure, compacted with 2x50 Marshall blows. Sand sheet asphalt mixture is dedicated for low to medium trafficked road pavement. The asphalt content of the RAP was extracted, and contained 5.29%. The performance of the SS mix was compared to asphalt concrete wearing course (AC-WC), using natural aggregate and 50pen asphalt, compacted at standard of 2x75 Marshall blows. At optimum asphalt content, the Marshall properties of both mixture met specification in Indonesia. The creep performance of both mixture was closely comparable, although the SS mix was compacted at lower compaction level. According to its dynamic creep slope, the SS mix is suitable for pavement with medium traffic load at temperature > 30 o or suitable for road with heavy traffic at temperature < 30 oC. The fatigue performance of SS mix was far better than the AC-WC mix, as the SS mix contain higher asphalt content and of finer aggregate grading.

scholarly journals Feasible Use of Recycled Concrete Aggregates with Alumina Waste in Road Construction

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1466
Author(s):  
Manuel Cabrera ◽  
Mónica López-Alonso ◽  
Laura Garach ◽  
Javier Alegre ◽  
Javier Ordoñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Life ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Pavement Base ◽  
By Products

The management of different industrial by-products, such as recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste and alumina by-products, as well as the reduction of landfill deposits by incorporating these products in a second life cycle, were the focus of this work. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the technical viability of using these waste and by-product as a material for road pavement base layers. For this purpose, a real-scale application was carried out, and the behavior of three types of materials, applied on a section of an experimental road under real vehicle traffic conditions, was studied and compared. Three materials were used in these sections applied in the road sub-bases. First, a control material composed of a type of artificial gravel was used to be compared with the rest of materials; the second material was composed of recycled aggregates, and the third was composed of a mix of recycled aggregates and alumina waste. The results concluded that the effectiveness of the sections built using recycled aggregates and alumina waste was very positive and similar those constructed using natural aggregates.

scholarly journals Modeling of thermal processes in construction of nonrigid pavements using bitumen concrete mixes

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
B. Behzodi ◽  
K. A. Andrianov ◽  
A. F. Zubkov
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Road Paving

The remoteness of the construction site from the production base, large volumes of work, insufficient productivity of asphalt concrete plants for the preparation of hot asphalt concrete mixtures makes urgent the use of cold bitumen concrete mixes for the road construction. The preliminary mix preparation on the production sites with preservation of its properties for several months allows to increase the duration of the construction season. Purpose. Quality improvement of construction of non-rigid road surfaces using cold bitumen concrete mixes. Materials and methods. Models of road pavement structure based on cold bitumen concrete mixes are proposed to clarify the influence of the structural, climatic, technological and thermophysical properties of materials on the pavement quality. Research results. It is shown that the construction of road surfaces using cold bitumen concrete mixes even at positive ambient temperatures, does not provide the required surface quality. Conclusions. To improve the road paving quality using cold bitumen concrete mixes is necessary to heat the base before laying the cold mix. The heating temperature of the base depends on the layer thickness and ambient temperature.

Evaluation of Pavement Mixture Incorporating Waste Oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Hidayah Mohd Kamaruddin ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Mohd Ezree Abdullah ◽  
Haryati Yaacob
Keyword(s):  
Waste Product ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Waste Engine Oil ◽  
Renewable Material

Road construction necessitates a high amount of bitumen, which is a non-renewable material. The usage of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) can be seen as a sustainable option, which offers economic benefits and conservation of natural resources. However, the high stiffness offered by RAP which leads to cracking has impelled the application of rejuvenator. The exploration of waste oil as the rejuvenator has gained the interest but they still lack of the information. This paper aims to highlight previous research works conducted on the waste oil application in the pavement materials. Large amount of waste product from the automotive industry and by-product of frying can impose adverse impact if not disposed properly. The properties of two types of waste oil namely waste engine oil (WEO) and waste cooking oil (WCO) were reviewed. Additionally, method incorporating waste oil in pavement materials, effects to the binder and mixture performance also included. It was observed that the effects of WEO and WCO are commonly produced both of the adverse and good effects to the pavement. The temperature, amount of waste oil and RAP are notable to give significant influence on the performance properties.

scholarly journals Characterization of Classified Indian Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP): In-Situ and Lab Density, Bitumen Content and Gradation Characteristics.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4751-4762
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Central Plant ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Plant Process

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is the term given to removed and/or reprocessed pavement materials containing asphalt and aggregates. These materials are generated when asphalt pavements are removed for reconstruction, resurfacing, or to obtain access to buried utilities. When properly crushed and screened, RAP consists of high-quality, well-graded aggregates coated by asphalt cement. Process of utilization of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is called recycling of asphalt pavement. RAP material is generated when old, damaged pavement materials are milled and crushed for addition as a component to new mixtures placed in the pavement structure. Historically, old pavement material was removed and disposed of in landfills. As land filling these materials has become less practical and more expensive and the availability of quality virgin materials declines, the addition of RAP to pavement mixtures has become more and more prevalent. Recycling of pavement material can be done as an in-place process or a central plant process. The in-place process combines the reclamation, mixing, lay down, and compaction procedures into a single paving train in the field. In-place recycled materials are typically used for base or binder courses and are typically overlaid with a surface course. The central plant process involves stockpiling RAP at the asphalt plant, which is then mixed with virgin materials at the plant and trucked to the construction site for lay down and compaction. Use of RAP in road construction will reduce depletion of virgin aggregates resources and also overcome to disposal problem of bituminous wastes. It is required to access properties of RAP aggregate and recovered bitumen before using in actual road pavements. RAP samples collected and a series of tests are performed for characterization and performance evaluation of selected RAP samples of different groups. In this study characterization of RAP limited to in-situ and lab density along with bitumen content and gradation of RAP classified in different groups. Results of this study will be beneficial in job mix formula (JMF) design with varying percentage of RAP to be use in bituminous layer in flexible pavements. This study is a step towards sustainable developments with green road construction i.e. construction of flexible pavement with environmental protection and conservation of natural resources.

CREDO RADON UA – INFORMATION MODEL FOR CALCULATION OF ROAD CONSTRACTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Karedin ◽  
Nadiya Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Road Pavement

CREDO RADON UA software provides an automated calculation of the strength of the pavement structures of non-rigid and rigid types, as well as the calculation of the strengthening of existing structures. In the article, one can see the main features and functionality of the CREDO RADON UA software, the main points in the calculations according to the new regulations. Information support of the design process includes necessary databases, informational and helping materials that make up the full support of the pavement design process. The concept of CREDO RADON UA 1.0 software is made on the use of elasticity theory methods in calculations of initial information models of pavements. Performing optimization calculations, the roadwear in CREDO RADON UA is designed in such a way that no unacceptable residual deformation occurs under the influence of short-term dynamic or static loading in the working layer of the earth bed and in the structural layers during the lifetime of the structure. The calculation algorithms were made in accordance with the current regulatory documents of Ukraine. CREDO RADON UA software allows user to create information bases on road construction materials and vehicles as part of the traffic flow for calculations. The presented system of automated modeling makes it easier for the customer to control the quality of design solutions, to reasonably assign designs to layers of reinforcement, to quickly make comparisons of calculations of different designs for the optimal use of allocated funds. Prospects for further improvement of the program should be the results of theoretical and experimental studies on filling the databases, which are used as information support for automated design of road structures. Keywords: CREDO RADON UA, road, computer-aided design, repair project, road pavement, strengthening, construction, rigid pavement, elasticity module, a transport stream, calculation method, information support, dynamic or static loading.

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