scholarly journals 1,2-Diarylethanols—A New Class of Compounds That Are Toxic to E. coli K12, R2–R4 Strains

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Paweł Kowalczyk ◽  
Damian Trzepizur ◽  
Mateusz Szymczak ◽  
Grzegorz Skiba ◽  
Karol Kramkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Class ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Selection Of

An initial study of 1,2-diarylethanols derivatives as new potential antibacterial drugs candidates was conducted. Particular emphasis was placed on the selection of the structure of 1,2-diarylethanols with the highest biological activity of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the model strains of Escherichia coli K12 (without LPS in its structure) and R2–R4 (with different lengths of LPS in its structure). In the presented studies, based on the conducted minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and MBC tests, it was demonstrated that the antibacterial (toxic) effect of 1,2-diarylethanols depends on their structure and the length of LPS bacteria in the membrane of specific strains. Moreover, the oxidative damage of bacterial DNA isolated from bacteria after modification with newly synthesized compounds after application of the repair enzyme Fpg glycosylases was analysed. The analysed damage values were compared with modification with appropriate antibiotics; bacterial DNA after the use of kanamycin, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, bleomycin and cloxicillin. The presented research clearly shows that 1,2-diarylethanol derivatives can be used as potential candidates for substitutes for new drugs, e.g., the analysed antibiotics. Their chemical and biological activity is related to two aromatic groups and the corresponding chemical groups in the structure of the substituent. The observed results are particularly important in the case of increasing bacterial resistance to various drugs and antibiotics, especially in nosocomial infections and neoplasms, and in the era of pandemics caused by microorganisms.

scholarly journals δ-Lactones—A New Class of Compounds That Are Toxic to E. coli K12 and R2–R4 Strains

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2956
Author(s):  
Paweł Kowalczyk ◽  
Barbara Gawdzik ◽  
Damian Trzepizur ◽  
Mateusz Szymczak ◽  
Grzegorz Skiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Toxic Activity ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Class ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Taste And Smell

Lactones are among the well-known organic substances with a specific taste and smell. They are characterized by antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. In recent years, among this group of compounds, new biologically active substances have been searched by modifying the main (leading) structure with new analogs with stronger or different responses that may have a toxic effect on the cells of pathogenic bacteria and constitute an alternative to commonly used antibiotics. A preliminary study of δ-lactone derivatives as new potential candidates for antibacterial drugs was conducted. Particular emphasis was placed on the selection of the structure of lactones with the highest biological activity, especially those with fluorine in their structure as a substituent in terms of action on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the model strains of Escherichia coli K12 (without LPS in its structure) and R2–R4 (LPS of different lengths in its structure). In the presented studies, on the basis of the conducted MIC and MBC tests, it was shown that the antibacterial (toxic) activity of lactones depends on their structure and the length of the bacterial LPS in the membrane of specific strains. Moreover, oxidative damage of bacterial DNA isolated from bacteria after modification with newly synthesized compounds after application of the repair enzyme Fpg glycosylase was analyzed. The analyzed damage values were compared with the modification with appropriate antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, bleomycin, and cloxacillin. The presented research clearly shows that lactone derivatives can be potential candidates as substitutes for drugs, e.g., the analyzed antibiotics. Their chemical and biological activity is related to coumarin derivatives and the corresponding δ-lactone groups in the structure of the substituent. The observed results are of particular importance in the case of increasing bacterial resistance to various drugs and antibiotics, especially in nosocomial infections and neoplasms, and in the era of a microbial pandemic.

scholarly journals Pyridine Derivatives—A New Class of Compounds That Are Toxic to E. coli K12, R2–R4 Strains

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5401
Author(s):  
Dominik Koszelewski ◽  
Ryszard Ostaszewski ◽  
Paweł Śmigielski ◽  
Anastasiia Hrunyk ◽  
Karol Kramkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Aldehydes ◽  
Pyridine Derivatives ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Class ◽  
Oxidative Damages ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Selection Of

A preliminary study of 2-amino-4-aryl-3,5-dicarbonitrile-6-thiopyridines as new potential antimicrobial drugs was performed. Special emphasis was placed on the selection of the structure of target pyridine derivatives with the highest biological activity against different types of Gram-stained bacteria by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Herein, Escherichia coli model strains K12 (without LPS in its structure) and R2–R4 (with different lengths of LPS in its structure) were used. Studied target compounds were provided with yields ranging from 53% to 91% by the lipase-catalyzed one pot multicomponent reaction of various aromatic aldehydes with malononitrile, and thiols. The presented work showed that the antibacterial activity of the studied pyridines depends on their structure and affects the LPS of bacteria. Moreover, the influence of the pyridines on bacteria possessing smooth and rough LPS and oxidative damage to plasmid DNA caused by investigated compounds was indicated. Additionally, the modification of the bacterial DNA with the tested compounds was performed to detect new potential oxidative damages, which are recognized by the Fpg protein. The obtained damage modification values of the analyzed compounds were compared with the modifications after antibiotics were used in this type of research. The presented studies demonstrate that 2-amino-4-aryl-3,5-dicarbonitrile-6-thiopyridines can be used as substitutes for known antibiotics. The observed results are especially important in the case of the increasing resistance of bacteria to various drugs and antibiotics.

Increasing of the Aminoglicosyde Antibiotic Activity Against a Multidrug-Resistant E. coli by Turnera ulmifolia L. and Chlorpromazine

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique D. M. Coutinho ◽  
José G. M. Costa ◽  
Edeltrudes O. Lima ◽  
Vivyanne S. Falcão-Silva ◽  
José P. Siqueira-Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Efflux System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Turnera Ulmifolia ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

In this study, an ethanol extract of Turnera ulmifolia L. (EETU) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) were tested for their antimicrobial activity alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics against two strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The growth of neither E. coli strain was inhibited by the extract. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration values were ≥1 mg/ml for both the strains of E. coli. However, the extract did increase the antimicrobial effects of amikacin, neomycin, and tobramycin. A similar effect of CPZ on amikacin, kanamycin, and tobramycin indicated the involvement of an efflux system in the resistance to these aminoglycosides. Results suggest that extracts from T. ulmifolia could be used as a plant-derived natural product with resistance-modifying activity, constituting a new weapon against bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

In Vitro Analytical System for Determining the Ability of Antibiotics at Residue Levels to Select for Resistance in Bacteria

1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
Marietta Suebrady ◽  
Robert J Strobel ◽  
Stanley E Katz
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Population ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract An analytical procedure, based on the concept that exposure of bacteria to antibiotics will result in the selection of a resistant population, was developed. Two strains of enteric bacteria, Escherichia coli CS-1 and Enterobacter cloacae B520, which are sensitive to a wide variety of antibiotics, were used as the test organisms. E. coli CS-1 were exposed to 1.00 μg antibiotic or antimicrobial/mL; E. cloacae B520 were exposed to 0.01, 0.10, 0.50,1.00, and 5.00 μg/mL. Both organisms developed increased resistance to other antibiotics after exposure to chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline, as measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). E. cloacae B520 showed increased resistance to ampicillin, oxytetracycline, and chloramphenicol after exposure to levels as low as 0.10 μg/mL. Exposure to streptomycin, sulfamethazine, tylosin, bacitracin, flavomycin, virginiamycin, and monensin at levels of 1.00 μg/mL did not increase the MIC. Exposure to 5.00 *tg streptomycin, sulfamethazine, tylosin, and monensin/mL increased the MIC ofE. cloacae to one of the antibiotic markers. These increased MICs exceeded the 95% confidence limits of the MIC values of the unexposed organisms.

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Sulfonamides Derived from Carvacrol: A Structure-Activity Relationship Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo S. de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz F. S. de Souza ◽  
Ricardo J. Nunes ◽  
Susana Johann ◽  
David L. Palomino-Salcedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Relationship Study ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing problem in all countries and has been discussed worldwide. In this sense, the development of new drugs with antibiotic properties is highly desirable in the context of medicinal chemistry. Methodology: In this paper we investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of sulfonamides derived from carvacrol, a small molecule with drug-like properties. Most sulfonamides had antioxidant and antibacterial potential, especially compound S-6, derived from beta-naphthylamine. Result: To understand the possible mechanisms of action involved in biological activity, the experimental results were compared with molecular docking data. Conclusion: This research allows appropriate discussion on the identified structure activity relationships.

scholarly journals α-Amidoamids as New Replacements of Antibiotics—Research on the Chosen K12, R2–R4 E. coli Strains

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5169
Author(s):  
Paweł Kowalczyk ◽  
Arleta Madej ◽  
Mateusz Szymczak ◽  
Ryszard Ostaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Selection Of

A preliminary study of α-amidoamids as new potential antimicrobial drugs was performed. Special emphasis was placed on selection of structure of α-amidoamids with the highest biological activity against different types of Gram-stained bacteria by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Herein, Escherichia coli model strains K12 (without LPS in its structure) and R1–R4 (with different length LPS in its structure) were used. The presented work showed that the antibacterial activity of α-amidoamids depends on their structure and affects the LPS of bacteria. Moreover, the influence of various newly synthesized α-amidoamids on bacteria possessing smooth and rought LPS and oxidative damage of plasmid DNA caused by all newly obtained compounds was indicated. The presented studies clearly explain that α-amidoamids can be used as substitutes for antibiotics. The chemical and biological activity of the analysed α-amidoamids was associated with short alkyl chain and different isocyanides molecules in their structure such as: tetr-butyl isocyanide or 2,5-dimethoxybenzyl isocyanide. The observed results are especially important in the case of the increasing resistance of bacteria to various drugs and antibiotics.

scholarly journals Development of Resistance in Escherichia coli ATCC25922 under Exposure of Sub-Inhibitory Concentration of Olaquindox

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Yufeng Gu ◽  
Shuge Wang ◽  
Lulu Huang ◽  
Wei Sa ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Oxidation Reduction

Quinoxaline1,4-di-N-oxides (QdNOs) are a class of important antibacterial drugs of veterinary use, of which the drug resistance mechanism has not yet been clearly explained. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of development of resistance in Escherichia coli (E. coli) under the pressure of sub-inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) of olaquindox (OLA), a representative QdNOs drug. In vitro challenge of E. coli with 1/100× MIC to 1/2× MIC of OLA showed that the bacteria needed a longer time to develop resistance and could only achieve low to moderate levels of resistance as well as form weak biofilms. The transcriptomic and genomic profiles of the resistant E. coli induced by sub-MIC of OLA demonstrated that genes involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidation-reduction process, biofilm formation, and efflux pumps were up-regulated, while genes involved in DNA repair and outer membrane porin were down-regulated. Mutation rates were significantly increased in the sub-MIC OLA-treated bacteria and the mutated genes were mainly involved in the oxidation-reduction process, DNA repair, and replication. The SNPs were found in degQ, ks71A, vgrG, bigA, cusA, and DR76-4702 genes, which were covered in both transcriptomic and genomic profiles. This study provides new insights into the resistance mechanism of QdNOs and increases the current data pertaining to the development of bacterial resistance under the stress of antibacterials at sub-MIC concentrations.

scholarly journals Synergistic antibacterial activity of monoterpenes in combination with conventional antimicrobials against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Pereira de Lira ◽  
Gustavo Fernandes Queiroga Moraes ◽  
Girlene Macena Santos ◽  
Francisco Patrício de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Fillipe De Oliveira Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Microdilution Method

<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: bacterial infections are a public health problem. Besides, the emergence of strains resistant to antimicrobials has<br />contributed to the search for new alternatives, such for the terpenes with antimicrobial potential. <strong>Objectives</strong>: the objective of this<br />study was to determine the possible interaction of isolated monoterpenes (-)-Carveol, Geraniol, Citronellol, α-terpineol, R-(-) Carvone,<br />(-)-Menthol, Linalool, D-Dihydrocarvone, and (-)-Terpine-4-ol with conventional antimicrobials (Chloramphenicol, Minocycline,<br />Amoxicillin and Ciprofloxacin) when they are evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis,<br />Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. <strong>Methodology</strong>: the minimum inhibitory concentrations of these test drugs<br />were determined using the microdilution method. The Checkerboard method was used to assess the interactions, by determining<br />the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FIC index). <strong>Results</strong>: aamong the monoterpenes, only Carveol, Citronellol, and Geraniol<br />presented antimicrobial activity (MIC &lt; 1024 μg/mL). They presented synergistic effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-9027<br />(FIC index ≤ 0.5) when in combination with Minocycline. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: this study contributes to the development of new approaches<br />to control bacterial resistance and to the possibility of discovering new drugs.</p>

scholarly journals Tolerance to Glutaraldehyde in Escherichia coli Mediated by Overexpression of the Aldehyde Reductase YqhD by YqhC

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Merchel Piovesan Pereira ◽  
Muhammad Adil Salim ◽  
Navneet Rai ◽  
Ilias Tagkopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Aldehyde Reductase ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reductase Gene ◽  
Selection Of

Glutaraldehyde is a widely used biocide on the market for about 50 years. Despite its broad application, several reports on the emergence of bacterial resistance, and occasional outbreaks caused by poorly disinfection, there is a gap of knowledge on the bacterial adaptation, tolerance, and resistance mechanisms to glutaraldehyde. Here, we analyze the effects of the independent selection of mutations in the transcriptional regulator yqhC for biological replicates of Escherichia coli cells subjected to adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) in the presence of glutaraldehyde. The evolved strains showed improved survival in the biocide (11–26% increase in fitness) as a result of mutations in the activator yqhC, which led to the overexpression of the yqhD aldehyde reductase gene by 8 to over 30-fold (3.1–5.2 log2FC range). The protective effect was exclusive to yqhD as other aldehyde reductase genes of E. coli, such as yahK, ybbO, yghA, and ahr did not offer protection against the biocide. We describe a novel mechanism of tolerance to glutaraldehyde based on the activation of the aldehyde reductase YqhD by YqhC and bring attention to the potential for the selection of such tolerance mechanism outside the laboratory, given the existence of YqhD homologs in various pathogenic and opportunistic bacterial species.

scholarly journals The Synthesis and Evaluation of Amidoximes as Cytotoxic Agents on Model Bacterial E. coli Strains

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7577
Author(s):  
Jan Samsonowicz-Górski ◽  
Paweł Kowalczyk ◽  
Dominik Koszelewski ◽  
Anna Brodzka ◽  
Mateusz Szymczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Cytotoxic Agents ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
E Coli

The biological research on newly synthesized amidoximes, Boc-protected amidoximes and Boc-derived amidines, obtained by a reduction of the parent amidoximes is reported, herein. Due to the presence of a free amino group in both amidines and amidoximes, these compounds can undergo various chemical reactions such as N-alkylation and N-acylation. One such reaction is Boc-protection, often used in organic synthesis to protect the amino and imino groups. Until now, Boc-protected amidoximes have not been tested for biological activity. Amidoxime derivatives were tested on bacterial E. coli strains. Initial cellular studies tests and digestion with Fpg after the modification of bacterial DNA, suggest that these compounds may have greater potential as antibacterial agents compared to antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (ci), bleomycin (b) and cloxacillin (cl). The described compounds are highly specific for pathogenic E. coli strains on the basis of the model strains used and may be used in the future as new substitutes for commonly used antibiotics in clinical and hospital infections in the pandemic era.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document