scholarly journals The Effect of the Reaction pH on Properties of Lead(II) Azide

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2818
Author(s):  
Jolanta Biegańska
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Sediment Particles ◽  
Explosive Reaction ◽  
External Stimuli

Lead(II) azide is an initiating explosive; even a small amount can trigger an explosion caused by simple external stimuli, such as sparks, flames, friction or pinpricks, and is able to initiate the explosive reaction of rock-crushing explosives. Due to the fact that this initiating explosive triggers further reactions, the effect of priming detonators depends on the properties of its material. Its sensitivity is associated with the size of its crystals. For instance, it is used for mining detonators in the form of fine crystals. The quality of the crystals is also correlated to the safety of the production process, i.e., the crystals should be round-shaped rather than needle-like since breaking it would inevitably trigger an explosion. The process of lead(II) azide production on an industrial scale is based on the reaction of lead(II) nitrate with sodium azide with the presence of dextrin, which determines the desired shape of the crystals. The reaction pH affects the number of sediment particles formed in a periodical reactor. Changing the pH from 6.5 to 7.5 leads to the rapid growth of crystal particles.

Statistical Management of Food Production Processes

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
N.A. Jurk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Control Chart ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Shewhart Control ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Mnemonic Technique ◽  
The Stability

The article presents scientific research in the field of statistical controllability of the food production process using the example of bakery products for a certain time interval using statistical methods of quality management. During quality control of finished products, defects in bakery products were identified, while the initial data were recorded in the developed form of a checklist for registering defects. It has been established that the most common defect is packaging leakage. For the subsequent statistical assessment of the stability of the production process and further analysis of the causes of the identified defect, a Shewhart control chart (p-card by an alternative feature) was used, which allows you to control the quality of manufactured products by the number of defects detected. Analyzing the control chart, it was concluded that studied process is conditionally stable, and the emerging defects are random. At the last stage of the research, the Ishikawa causal diagram was used, developed using the 6M mnemonic technique, in order to identify the most significant causes that affect the occurrence of the considered defect in bakery products. A more detailed study will allow the enterprise to produce food products that meet the established requirements.

Typical errors and violations of biotechnics of artificial breeding of pacific salmon

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Grinberg
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Artificial Breeding ◽  
Strict Compliance

In two parts of the article, more than 70 errors and violations of the Biotechnics of artificial breeding of Pacific salmon in salmon hatcheries are collected and summarized, which lead to an immediate or delayed deterioration of the quality of reared fry and a decrease in their survival rate. Deviations from the biological basis of fish farming are shown and possible consequences of such errors or violations are predicted. In the first part of the article (#7,2020) there were General errors (throughout the entire fish-breeding process), as well as violations of Biotechnics during the work with producers, collecting eggs and preparing them for incubation, in the second part-violations of Biotechnics during the incubation of eggs, holding pre-larvae, rearing and release of young. Their correction, prevention or minimization of consequences will significantly improve the quality of sexual products and offspring from producers, increase the linear and weight gain of juveniles during rearing, improve the coefficient of feed payment, reduce the time of rearing, improve the epizootic situation by developing immunity in fry and mobilizing other protective reactions of their body, significantly reduce waste at all stages of the production process, increasing survival by 10–15%. In conclusion, it is noted that the first and most important condition for an efficient salmon hatchery is the creation of optimal environmental conditions at each stage of the production process. The second condition is strict compliance with the Biotechnics of artificial salmon breeding and the complex of veterinary and sanitary, fish-breeding and meliorative and therapeutic and preventive measures. The third is the availability of competent specialists who regularly improve their skills in accredited Universities to implement, control and manage the first two conditions.

scholarly journals The Perception of Job-related Motivators When Choosing a Career in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry – A Comparative Study Between Polish and Spanish Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Grobelna
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Career Paths ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Staff Turnover ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Tourism Experience ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

AbstractThe recent rapid growth of the tourism and hospitality industries raises a question about the quantity and quality of the workforce needed in these sectors. In the tourism/hospitality industry, where most services are delivered directly by employees, competitive advantage is primarily attained through people (employees), who are perceived as an integral component of tourism experience. This creates challenges for an industry suffering from high rates of staff turnover, especially of young employees who leave their jobs after graduation, choosing other career paths.This study presents the job related motivators that students found important when considering their future careers, and investigates the extent to which those motivators can be found in the tourism and hospitality industry. Is the industry able to offer the motivators that will keep the employees willing to choose this particular path? We focus on two groups of potential employees – Polish and Spanish students. The study reveals that both groups generally do not believe that a career in the TH industry offered these motivating factors. We also contrast and compare both groups’ perceptions in this area.

scholarly journals A Review on Polymer Nanocomposites and Their Effective Applications in Membranes and Adsorbents for Water Treatment and Gas Separation

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Oluranti Agboola ◽  
Ojo Sunday Isaac Fayomi ◽  
Ayoola Ayodeji ◽  
Augustine Omoniyi Ayeni ◽  
Edith E. Alagbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Gas Separation ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Nanocomposite Membranes

Globally, environmental challenges have been recognised as a matter of concern. Among these challenges are the reduced availability and quality of drinking water, and greenhouse gases that give rise to change in climate by entrapping heat, which result in respirational illness from smog and air pollution. Globally, the rate of demand for the use of freshwater has outgrown the rate of population increase; as the rapid growth in town and cities place a huge pressure on neighbouring water resources. Besides, the rapid growth in anthropogenic activities, such as the generation of energy and its conveyance, release carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, warming the planet. Polymer nanocomposite has played a significant role in finding solutions to current environmental problems. It has found interest due to its high potential for the reduction of gas emission, and elimination of pollutants, heavy metals, dyes, and oil in wastewater. The revolution of integrating developed novel nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, nanofibers and activated carbon, in polymers, have instigated revitalizing and favourable inventive nanotechnologies for the treatment of wastewater and gas separation. This review discusses the effective employment of polymer nanocomposites for environmental utilizations. Polymer nanocomposite membranes for wastewater treatment and gas separation were reviewed together with their mechanisms. The use of polymer nanocomposites as an adsorbent for toxic metals ions removal and an adsorbent for dye removal were also discussed, together with the mechanism of the adsorption process. Patents in the utilization of innovative polymeric nanocomposite membranes for environmental utilizations were discussed.

scholarly journals Disentangling Individual Phases in the Hunted vs. Farmed Meat Supply Chain: Exploring Hunters’ Perceptions in Italy

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Marescotti ◽  
Eugenio Demartini ◽  
Michael Gibbert ◽  
Roberto Viganò ◽  
Anna Gaviglio
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Game Meat ◽  
Wild Game ◽  
Wild Boar Meat ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Final Consumer

The growing body of literature concerning the hunted wild game meat (HWGM) supply chain is mainly focused on the final consumer, while little is known about upstream production processes. Even though the hunter plays a central role here, it is not well understood how hunters themselves perceive their role in the various phases of the production process. The present study explores Italian hunters’ perception of the HWGM supply chain and compares it to their perception towards the conventional farmed meat supply chain. We distinguish several phases of this production process and find that the final phase related to on-site game dressing is considered problematic, perhaps because hunters perceive themselves as less skilled than professional butchers. The results, in fact, show that hunters prefer hunted products over farmed meat, but that they consider hunted wild boar meat less safe compared to farmed pork. Findings from this study provide a rare glimpse from the inside of the supply chain and reveals the needs for a broad risk assessment analysis on the Italian game meat supply chain. Considering the development of the Italian emerging market of the HWGM, our results also highlight the relevance of training activities on hunters in order to increase the safety and quality of the final product.

scholarly journals Review: Sensors for Biosignal/Health Monitoring in Electronic Skin

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2478
Author(s):  
Hyeon Seok Oh ◽  
Chung Hyeon Lee ◽  
Na Kyoung Kim ◽  
Taechang An ◽  
Geon Hwee Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Tactile Sensor ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Electronic Skin ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Flexible Component

Skin is the largest sensory organ and receives information from external stimuli. Human body signals have been monitored using wearable devices, which are gradually being replaced by electronic skin (E-skin). We assessed the basic technologies from two points of view: sensing mechanism and material. Firstly, E-skins were fabricated using a tactile sensor. Secondly, E-skin sensors were composed of an active component performing actual functions and a flexible component that served as a substrate. Based on the above fabrication processes, the technologies that need more development were introduced. All of these techniques, which achieve high performance in different ways, are covered briefly in this paper. We expect that patients’ quality of life can be improved by the application of E-skin devices, which represent an applied advanced technology for real-time bio- and health signal monitoring. The advanced E-skins are convenient and suitable to be applied in the fields of medicine, military and environmental monitoring.

scholarly journals Quality of Water Production Process Using Mixed Multivariate EWMA-CUSUM (MEC) Control Chart

2021 ◽  
Vol 1863 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
N H D Asmara ◽  
Wibawati ◽  
M Ahsan ◽  
M Mashuri ◽  
H Khusna
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Control Chart ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Quality Of Water

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF STRUCTURAL SIMILARITY FOR CONTROL OF MICROELECTRONIC PRODUCTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Gusman ◽  
Yu. A. Pichugin ◽  
A. O. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Crystal Plate ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Real Sample ◽  
Numerical Example

In this paper we consider the technological process of manufacturing micromechanical gyroscopes, the output of which is divided into cells of the crystal plate and each cell contains a fixed number of product elements. The estimation of structural similarity for measurements of technical characteristics of various devices is offered. A relatively large value of structural similarity assessment means that there is a dependence of the quality of the manufactured devices on the position on the crystal plate. This gives a good reason for further work to improve the quality of the process or to change the technological scheme as a whole. The article considers a numerical example based on a real sample of microelectronic products. The proposed method can be used both in the process of adjustment of the production process and in the rejection of products, when further configuration of the equipment is no longer possible.

scholarly journals Batik stamp canting made of waste paper material as a frugal innovation in batik

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012125
Author(s):  
S R Hidayat ◽  
T B Affanti ◽  
A I Josef ◽  
D Nurcahyanti
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
High Price ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
Value Of Knowledge

Abstract This article discusses the innovation of batik stamp canting equipment using waste paper material. The first focus is on the emergence and the background of the innovation of batik stamp canting made of waste paper material. The second is on the elaboration of concept of stamp batik canting innovation made of waste paper material. The method applied in this study was qualitative approach with case studies by employing informants’ data sources, artifacts, events and documents. The results indicate that the innovation of stamp canting using paper material has occurred since 2014, and it began to be widely used in batik production process in 2016. The background of stamp canting innovation made of waste paper was triggered by the high price of stamp canting from copper which is commonly used in the production process of stamped batik. The concept applied to develop this stamp canting is frugal innovation. The value of knowledge gained is that innovation is not always carried out to improve the quality of processes or products. Innovation is more significantly needed to solve the problems related to the context.

scholarly journals Mechanism of the quality cost administration system

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Serhii TKACHENKO ◽  
Olena POTYSHNIAK ◽  
Yevheniia POLIAKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
Cost Of Quality ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Quality Assurance Process ◽  
Assurance Process ◽  
The Cost

Strengthening the impact of the production and economic mechanism on increasing the economic efficiency of the production process and the quality of work is possible on the basis of choosing the most effective ways to achieve high end results of the national economic system of the country. One of these ways is the inclusion in the system of controlled parameters of the economic parameters of quality cost management, the use of which guarantees the quality coordination system to reach a given economically justified state. Adjustment of quality costs consists in maintaining the established proportions between the costs of quality assurance (quality) and the mismatch of work quality indicators, which is achieved by controlling the level of defects, maintaining certain conditions, rules and norms corresponding to the optimal mode of work on quality assurance and the optimal value costs. The quality assurance process is based on a classification represented by a range of activities aimed at ensuring the quality of tools, objects of labour, living labour and information data at all stages of the production process. The costing methodology is based on the selection of the costing object and costing units. Representation of work on quality assurance as an object of calculation, and hours of work or total amount of work as calculation units allows at the right time to present in value terms both the quality assurance process as a whole and the cost of quality for the product. The recommended mechanism of the cost management system in general is focused on a wide range of enterprises and associations, and its use allows to obtain the effect of minimizing the cost of quality, as well as improve the quality of work to ensure product quality, ice directly contribute to production efficiency and quality. Increase of economic benefit at the expense of cost control system solutions of the problem in the future is possible if its implementation on the basis of the theory of functional management development, conversion of static model into a dynamic coordination costs.

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