scholarly journals Fibroblasts Adhesion to Laser-Modified Titanium Surfaces—A Systematic Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7305
Author(s):  
Julia Kensy ◽  
Maciej Dobrzyński ◽  
Rafał Wiench ◽  
Kinga Grzech-Leśniak ◽  
Jacek Matys
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Laser Application ◽  
Laser Parameters ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Fibroblast Adhesion

Objective: Laser treatment has been recently introduced in many fields of implant dentistry. The systematic review tried to address the question: “How does laser modification of titanium surface influence fibroblast adhesion?”. Methods: An electronic search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed. The following keywords were used: (laser) AND (fibroblast) AND (titanium) AND (implant OR disc) AND (proliferation OR adhesion). Initially, 136 studies were found. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. All studies chosen to be included in the review were considered to have a low risk of bias. Results: Studies included in the review varied with laser parameters or ways of observing fibroblast behavior. Studies showed that fibroblasts tend to take different shapes and create extensions on modified surfaces and that their metabolic activity is more intense. One study concentrated on laser application and showed that three-directional laser application is the most successful in terms of fibroblast adhesion. Studies which concentrated more on laser parameters showed that too low energy density (lower or equal to 0.75 J/cm2) does not influence fibroblast adhesion. Increasing the energy density over 0.75 J/cm2 causes better cell adhesion of fibroblasts to the laser-modified sample. One included study focused on increasing titanium surface wettability, which also positively influenced cell adhesion. Conclusion: The studies included in the review proved a positive effect of laser-modified titanium surfaces on fibroblast adhesion. However, the application of an appropriate laser energy dose is crucial.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Er:YAG laser irradiation for decontamination and its effect on biocompatibility of different titanium surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peijun Huang ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
Zhongren Chen ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Jinzhi He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Er:Yag Laser ◽  
Fluorescent Detection ◽  
Microbial Biofilm ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Proliferation Activity ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Abstract Background Erbium yttrium–aluminum–garnet (Er:YAG) laser have been shown to be suitable for decontamination of titanium surfaces at a wide range of energy settings, however, high intensity of laser irradiation destroy titanium surface and low intensity cannot remove enough microbial biofilm. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal energy setting of Er:YAG laser for decontamination of sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) titanium surfaces. Material and methods After supragingival biofilm construction in vivo, SLA and HA titanium discs were divided into three groups: blank control (BC, clean discs), experimental control (EC, contaminated discs) and experimental groups (EP, contaminated discs irradiated by Er:YAG laser at 40, 70, and 100 mJ/pulse). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), live/dead bacterial fluorescent detection, and colony counting assay were used to detect the efficacy of laser decontamination. To investigate the effect of laser decontamination on titanium surface biocompatibility, MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion and proliferation activity were examined by SEM and CCK-8 assay. Results Er:YAG laser irradiation at 100 mJ/pulse removed 84.1% of bacteria from SLA titanium surface; laser irradiation at 70 and 100 mJ/pulse removed 76.4% and 77.85% of bacteria from HA titanium surface respectively. Laser irradiation improved MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion on both titanium surfaces. For SLA titanium discs, 100 mJ/pulse group displayed excellent cellular proliferation activity higher than that in BC group (P < 0.01). For HA titanium discs, 70 mJ/pulse group showed the highest activity comparable to BC group (P > 0.05). Conclusions With regards to efficient microbial biofilm decontamination and biocompatibility maintenance, Er:YAG laser at 100 mJ/pulse and 70 mJ/pulse are considered as the optimal energy settings for SLA titanium and HA titanium surface respectively. This study provides theoretical basis for the clinical application of Er:YAG laser in the treatment of peri-implantitis.

scholarly journals The prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Akhtar ◽  
Jamal Abdul Nasir ◽  
Amara Javed ◽  
Mariyam Saleem ◽  
Sundas Sajjad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Meta Regression

Abstract Background The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of diabetes and its associated risk factors in Afghanistan through a systematic review and meta–analysis. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar and the Cochrane library, carried out from inception to April 312,020, without language restriction. Meta–analysis was performed using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse variance weighting. The existence of publication bias was initially assessed by visual inspection of a funnel plot and then tested by the Egger regression test. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were used to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review was reported by following the PRISMA guidelines and the methodological quality of each included study was evaluated using the STROBE guidelines. Results Out of 64 potentially relevant studies, only 06 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were considered for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in the general population based on population-based studies were 12.13% (95% CI: 8.86–16.24%), based on a pooled sample of 7071 individuals. Results of univariate meta-regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of diabetes increased with mean age, hypertension and obesity. There was no significant association between sex (male vs female), smoking, the methodological quality of included articles or education (illiterate vs literate) and the prevalence of diabetes. Conclusions This meta-analysis reports the 12.13% prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan,with the highest prevalence in Kandahar and the lowest in Balkh province. The main risk factors include increasing age, obesity and hypertension. Community-based care and preventive training programmes are recommended. Trial registration This review was registered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020172624).

scholarly journals Acupuncture for palliative cancer pain management: systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002638
Author(s):  
Juan Yang ◽  
Dietlind L Wahner-Roedler ◽  
Xuan Zhou ◽  
Lesley A Johnson ◽  
Alex Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Levels Of Evidence ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundPain is one of the most common and problematic symptoms encountered by patients with cancer. Due to the multifactorial aetiology, pain management of these patients frequently requires multidisciplinary interventions including conventional support and specialty palliative care. Acupuncture has been identified as a possible adjunctive therapy for symptom management in cancer pain, and there is currently no systematic review focused solely on the evidence of acupuncture on cancer pain in palliative care.ObjectiveTo critically analyse currently available publications regarding the use of acupuncture for pain management among patients with cancer in palliative care settings.MethodsMultiple academic databases were searched from inception to 29 October 2020. Randomised controlled trials involving acupuncture in palliative care for treatment of cancer-related pain were synthesised. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers, and methodological quality of each included study was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) 2011 Levels of Evidence.ResultsFive studies (n=189) were included in this systematic review. Results indicated a favourable effect of acupuncture on pain relief in palliative care for patients with cancer. According to OCEBM 2011 Levels of Evidence, they were level 2 in one case (20%), level 3 in two cases (40%) and level 4 in the remaining (40%). Low-level evidence adversely affects the reliability of findings.ConclusionsAcupuncture may be an effective and safe treatment associated with pain reduction in the palliative care of patients with cancer. Further high-quality, adequately powered studies are needed in the future.

scholarly journals Long-lasting renewable antibacterial porous polymeric coatings enable titanium biomaterials to prevent and treat peri-implant infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyi Wu ◽  
Jianmeng Xu ◽  
Leiyan Zou ◽  
Shulu Luo ◽  
Run Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Polymeric Coating ◽  
Antibacterial Efficacy ◽  
Polymeric Coatings ◽  
Implant Infection ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

AbstractPeri-implant infection is one of the biggest threats to the success of dental implant. Existing coatings on titanium surfaces exhibit rapid decrease in antibacterial efficacy, which is difficult to promisingly prevent peri-implant infection. Herein, we report an N-halamine polymeric coating on titanium surface that simultaneously has long-lasting renewable antibacterial efficacy with good stability and biocompatibility. Our coating is powerfully biocidal against both main pathogenic bacteria of peri-implant infection and complex bacteria from peri-implantitis patients. More importantly, its antibacterial efficacy can persist for a long term (e.g., 12~16 weeks) in vitro, in animal model, and even in human oral cavity, which generally covers the whole formation process of osseointegrated interface. Furthermore, after consumption, it can regain its antibacterial ability by facile rechlorination, highlighting a valuable concept of renewable antibacterial coating in dental implant. These findings indicate an appealing application prospect for prevention and treatment of peri-implant infection.

Influence of chemical composition on cell viability on titanium surfaces: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Dias Corpa Tardelli ◽  
Mariana Lima da Costa Valente ◽  
Thaisa Theodoro de Oliveira ◽  
Andréa Cândido dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

DLC Coated Textile Vascular Prostheses Tested in Sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Miroslav Jelínek ◽  
Jiří Podlaha ◽  
Tomáš Kocourek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Vascular Prostheses ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Deposition Conditions

Textile vascular prostheses ARTECOR were coated by laser with amorphous diamond-like carbon layers (DLC) with thickness up to 200 nm. Layers were created in 0.25 Pa of Argon at laser energy density of 8 or 22 Jcm-2. Depending on the deposition conditions, DLC properties moved from soft „graphitic“ to more „diamond“ (53 % of sp3 bonds). Coated prostheses of various DLC thickness and sp3 content were implanted into carotid artery of Merino sheep. The prostheses were extirpated after 100 days (~180 days). From preliminary results follows that prostheses coated with DLC layer thickness of 20 nm and higher sp3 content showed the best results.

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