scholarly journals Circular Economy of Construction and Demolition Waste: A Literature Review on Lessons, Challenges, and Benefits

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Callun Keith Purchase ◽  
Dhafer Manna Al Zulayq ◽  
Bio Talakatoa O’Brien ◽  
Matthew Joseph Kowalewski ◽  
Aydin Berenjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
And Performance

Conventionally, in a linear economy, C&D (Construction and Demolition) waste was considered as zero value materials, and, as a result of that, most C&D waste materials ended up in landfills. In recent years, with the increase in the awareness around sustainability and resource management, various countries have started to explore new models to minimize the use of limited resources which are currently overused, mismanaged, or quickly depleting. In this regard, the implementation of CE (Circular Economy) has emerged as a potential model to minimize the negative impact of C&D wastes on the environment. However, there are some challenges hindering a full transition to CE in the construction and demolition sectors. Therefore, this review paper aims to critically scrutinize different aspects of C&D waste and how CE can be integrated into construction projects. Reviewing of the literature revealed that the barriers in the implementation of CE in C&D waste sectors fall in five main domains, namely legal, technical, social, behavioral, and economic aspects. In this context, it was found that policy and governance, permits and specifications, technological limitation, quality and performance, knowledge and information, and, finally, the costs associated with the implementation of CE model at the early stage are the main barriers. In addition to these, from the contractors’ perspective, C&D waste dismantling, segregation, and on-site sorting, transportation, and local recovery processes are the main challenges at the start point for small-scale companies. To address the abovementioned challenges, and also to minimize the ambiguity of resulting outcomes by implementing CE in C&D waste sectors, there is an urgent need to introduce a global framework and a practicable pathway to allow companies to implement such models, regardless of their scale and location. Additionally, in this paper, recommendations on the direction for areas of future studies for a reduction in the environmental impacts have been provided. To structure an effective model approach, the future direction should be more focused on dismantling practices, hazardous material handling, quality control on waste acceptance, and material recovery processes, as well as a incentivization mechanism to promote ecological, economic, and social benefits of the CE for C&D sectors.

scholarly journals Digital Twins and Road Construction Using Secondary Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sebastjan Meža ◽  
Alenka Mauko Pranjić ◽  
Rok Vezočnik ◽  
Igor Osmokrović ◽  
Stanislav Lenart
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Works

Secondary raw materials (SRMs) tend to be a valuable replacement for finite virgin materials especially since construction works (i.e., building and civil engineering work such as road construction) require vast quantities of raw materials. Using SRM originating from recycling a broad range of inorganic waste materials (e.g., mining waste, different industrial wastes, construction, and demolition waste) has been recognized as a promising, generally more cost-efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative to the exploitation of natural resources. Despite the benefits of using SRM, several challenges need to be addressed before using SRM even more. One of them is the long-term durability and little-known response of construction works built using such alternative materials. In this paper, we present the activities to establish a fully functioning digital twin (DT) of a road constructed using SRM. The first part of the paper is devoted to the theoretical justification of efforts and ways of establishing the monitoring systems, followed by a DT case study where an integrated data environment synthesizing a Building Information Model and monitored data is presented. Although the paper builds upon a small scale, the case study is methodologically designed to allow parallels to be drawn with much larger construction projects.

The Traceability of Construction and Demolition Waste in Flanders via Blockchain Technology: A Match Made in Heaven?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-369
Author(s):  
Jonas Voorter ◽  
Christof Koolen
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Sustainable Society ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
Made In

Abstract The construction sector plays a crucial role in the transition to a circular economy and a more sustainable society. With this objective in mind, Flanders – the Dutch speaking part of Belgium – makes use of a traceability procedure for construction and demolition waste in order to guarantee that value can be derived from downstream waste processing activities. This article takes this traceability procedure as a legal case study and examines if the use of blockchain technology could lead to even stronger supply chains, better data management, and, more generally, a smoother transition to circular practices in the construction sector.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the influence of three types of fibre in the shrinkage of recycled mortar

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (332) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Saiz-Martínez ◽  
D. Ferrández-Vega ◽  
C. Morón-Fernández ◽  
A. Payán de Tejada-Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Concrete Aggregates

Construction and demolition waste can be used as a substitution of natural aggregate in mortar and concrete elaboration. A poorer quality of recycled aggregates generally has negative impact on mortar properties. Shrinkage is one of the properties that experiences worse outcome due to the higher absorption of recycled aggregates. This research evaluates the potential shrinkage of mortars elaborated with recycled concrete aggregates both with and without fibres addition, as well as the relation between moisture loss and shrinkage caused by mortar drying process using a capacitive sensor of the authors’ own design. Two different mortar dosages 1:3 and 1:4 and three fiber types: polypropylene fiber, fiberglass and steel fiber, in different proportions were used. Obtained results show that the use of polypropylene fiber improves the recycled mortars performance against shrinkage in 0.2%. Moreover, a clear relation between dry shrinkage and moisture loss was observed.

scholarly journals Circular Economy on Construction and Demolition Waste: A Literature Review on Material Recovery and Production

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence P. Ginga ◽  
Jason Maximino C. Ongpeng ◽  
Ma. Klarissa M. Daly
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Material Recovery ◽  
New Construction

Construction and demolition waste (CDW) accounts for at least 30% of the total solid waste produced around the world. At around 924 million tons in the European Union in 2016 and 2.36 billion tons in China in 2018, the amount is expected to increase over the next few years. Dumping these wastes in sanitary landfills has always been the traditional approach to waste management but this will not be feasible in the years to come. To significantly reduce or eliminate the amount of CDW being dumped, circular economy is a possible solution to the increasing amounts of CDW. Circular economy is an economic system based on business models which replaces the end-of-life concept with reducing, reusing, recycling, and recovering materials. This paper discusses circular economy (CE) frameworks—specifically material recovery and production highlighting the reuse and recycling of CDW and reprocessing into new construction applications. Likewise, a literature review into recent studies of reuse and recycling of CDW and its feasibility is also discussed to possibly prove the effectivity of CE in reducing CDW. Findings such as effectivity of recycling CDW into new construction applications and its limitations in effective usage are discussed and research gaps such as reuse of construction materials are also undertaken. CE and recycling were also found to be emerging topics. Observed trends in published articles as well as the use of latent Dirichlet allocation in creating topic models have shown a rising awareness and increasing research in CE which focuses on recycling and reusing CDW.

scholarly journals Performance of a small-scale construction and demolition waste recycling unit: a case study in northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Carlos Boaventura Santos ◽  
Thaís Andrade de Sampaio Lopes ◽  
Luciano Matos Queiroz ◽  
Viviana Maria Zanta
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
The Impact

Environmental and operational performance of a full-scale small and decentralized construction and demolition waste (C&DW) recycling unit (SDRU) were evaluated. The SDRU was defined as having a production capacity of up to 5 m3 per hour, occupying up to 100 m2. The operational and environmental performance indicators of the SDRU were obtained from the literature and validated by expert judgment. Subsequently, the values of these indicators were obtained from a real-scale SDRU in Bahia state, Brazil. The results showed that the SDRU presented lower levels of noise emission, very small water and energy consumption, and inhalable-particle concentration values lower than the requirements of Brazilian environmental legislation. It was observed that 90% of the C&DW in the storage area had recycling potential. The characteristics of the fine recycled aggregate make it suitable for use in road or sidewalk paving, and the coarse recycled aggregate is suitable for use in concrete without structural function. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the SDRU was also applied and it was concluded that the use of the recycled aggregate for manufacturing concrete without structural function reduced the environmental impact in all the categories considered, compared with the impact of natural sand and gravel extraction from nature. It was possible to conclude that the implementation of the SRDU in developing countries can provide an effective step towards reducing environmental impacts from the construction sector.

scholarly journals Procurement management/ material supply on construction projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Maksum Tanubrata ◽  
Ika Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Material Handling ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Procurement Management ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control

Material inventory management is one part of the logistics system devoted to project implementation on material procurement as per the needs plan procurement management is a very important material function, since the material inventory for a construction project involves a considerable investment cost. In general, every construction project involves complex activities, which involves the sharing of activities and operations. Material acquisition activities require good planning and control considering the large percentage of material costs to the total cost of the project. So if less effective material handling will result in loss of time, cost and quality. then this should receive high attention from contractors for the smooth and performance to be achieved in the implementation of construction projects.

scholarly journals Research On Recycling Of Hardened Mortar From Construction And Demolition Waste

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Irina Smical ◽  
F. Filip-Văcărescu ◽  
G. Danku ◽  
V. Paşca
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Standard Sample ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Compression Resistance

Abstract The recycling issues related to the construction and demolition (C&D) wastes in the sustainable development and the circular economy context represent a continuous challenge for researchers. This paper reveals the possibility to recycle the hardened mortar recovered from C&D wastes. Thus, the recovered hardened mortar with grains size less than 16 mm was used in the concrete structure. The compression resistance of the final concrete was determined using a Heckert 3000 KN testing machine and the results showed a better compressive strength for the samples with C&D waste content than the standard sample of about 1.19 times. This is a good premise for improving the researches related to C&D waste usage in concrete production.

scholarly journals Integrating value management into sustainable construction projects in Hong Kong

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1475-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Tit Wan Yu ◽  
Arshad Ali Javed ◽  
Tsun Ip Lam ◽  
Geoffrey Qiping Shen ◽  
Ming Sun
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Value Management ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Integrating sustainability into the value management (VM) process can provide a strategic platform for promoting and incorporating sustainable design and development during the lifespans of construction projects. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) for integrating sustainability into the VM process in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach Following an extensive literature review, 45 attributes were identified and grouped into strength, weakness, opportunity and threat elements. A questionnaire survey based on these groupings was supported by semi-structured interviews with public sector clients, value managers and VM facilitators. They shared their experience and views on how to integrate sustainability into the VM exercises. Findings The triangulated results of the survey and interviews are presented in this paper. The ranking of the SWOT analysis results indicate that VM does provide opportunities for multidisciplinary professionals and stakeholders to focus on issues relating to society and the environment, which is considered a main strength. The major weakness of integration is the lack of well-trained staff and low levels of VM participant expertise in relation to the sustainable construction issue. Research limitations/implications Current practices generally neglect integration of sustainability into the VM process due to cost and time constraints. There are ample strengths and opportunities recommended by this study for integrating sustainability into the VM process which are beneficial for the clients and contractors for achieving value for money and meeting sustainability targets. Practical implications There are immense opportunities for integrating sustainability into the VM process, including encouragement of the reduction, reuse and recycling of construction and demolition waste. However, threats presented by integration include the additional time and costs required for achieving sustainability targets. Originality/value Findings and recommendations provided in this paper should be helpful to decision makers including clients and VM facilitators for the successful integration of the sustainability concept into the VM process.

scholarly journals Assessing the role and use of recycled aggregates in the sustainable management of construction and demolition waste via a mini-review and a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Hahladakis ◽  
Phil Purnell ◽  
Hareb Mohammed S.J. Aljabri
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The State ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Using Data

Rapid industrial development, mega construction projects and increased immigration are some of the reasons that the State of Qatar has recently generated an unprecedented amount of construction and demolition (C&D) waste in the country. The State is racing towards the Fédération Internationale de Football Association World Cup 2022, a fact that requires additional construction, for which it is expected to increase its rate of waste generation. Compared to other regions, there are relatively few studies in the literature that report on the C&D waste management issues of Qatar. The present work begins to address this gap by providing insights into the current state of C&D waste management practices in Qatar and by providing a mini-review on the benefits of using recycled aggregates which have only recently been allowed locally by Qatar Construction Standards. A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis has been implemented, using data and information from various sources including governmental reports, industries, local waste management companies, as well as reported interviews with relevant stakeholders. Finally, several strategies were proposed and developed that could potentially be implemented by stakeholders and decision-makers, so as to improve the current status by encouraging more sustainable and viable practices.

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