scholarly journals On K-Means Clustering with IVIF Datasets for Post-COVID-19 Recovery Efforts

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 2639
Author(s):  
Lanndon Ocampo ◽  
Joerabell Lourdes Aro ◽  
Samantha Shane Evangelista ◽  
Fatima Maturan ◽  
Egberto Selerio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Attribute Weights ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Clustering Problems ◽  
Interval Valued

The recovery efforts of the tourism and hospitality sector are compromised by the emergence of COVID-19 variants that can escape vaccines. Thus, maintaining non-pharmaceutical measures amidst massive vaccine rollouts is still relevant. The previous works which categorize tourist sites and restaurants according to the perceived degree of tourists' and customers’ exposure to COVID-19 are deemed relevant for sectoral recovery. Due to the subjectivity of predetermining categories, along with the failure of capturing vagueness and uncertainty in the evaluation process, this work explores the use k-means clustering with dataset values expressed as interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets. In addition, the proposed method allows for the incorporation of criteria (or attribute) weights into the dataset, often not considered in traditional k-means clustering but relevant in clustering problems with attributes having varying priorities. Two previously reported case studies were analyzed to demonstrate the proposed approach, and comparative and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results show that the priorities of the criteria in evaluating tourist sites remain the same. However, in evaluating restaurants, customers put emphasis on the physical characteristics of the restaurants. The proposed approach assigns 12, 15, and eight sites to the “low exposure”, “moderate exposure”, and “high exposure” cluster, respectively, each with distinct characteristics. On the other hand, 16 restaurants are assigned “low exposure”, 16 to “moderate exposure”, and eight to “high exposure” clusters, also with distinct characteristics. The characteristics described in the clusters offer meaningful insights for sectoral recovery efforts. Findings also show that the proposed approach is robust to small parameter changes. Although idiosyncrasies exist in the results of both case studies, considering the characteristics of the resulting clusters, tourists or customers could evaluate any tourist site or restaurant according to their perceived exposure to COVID-19.

Family Business Goals in the Tourism and Hospitality Sector: Case Studies and Cross-Case Analysis from Australia, Canada, and Sweden

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Andersson ◽  
Jack Carlsen ◽  
Donald Getz
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Business Goals ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Cross Case Analysis

This paper compares three case studies of family businesses in the rural tourism and hospitality sectors in Canada, Sweden, and Australia. Goals for start-up, development, and ultimate disposition of the businesses are examined through cross-case analysis within the theoretical framework of the business and family life-cycle. Analysis reveals remarkable similarities reflecting the prominence of lifestyle considerations, location preferences, and uncertainty over disposition of the businesses. This paper assesses goals revealed through these cases and pertinent literature from the tourism and hospitality sectors in the context of three stages in family business evolution. It also draws research and management implications.

scholarly journals Systemic Risk and Insurance Regulation †

Risks ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Gómez ◽  
Jorge Ponce
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Solvency Ii ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Prudential Regulation ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
Low Exposure

This paper provides a rationale for the macro-prudential regulation of insurance companies, where capital requirements increase in their contribution to systemic risk. In the absence of systemic risk, the formal model in this paper predicts that optimal regulation may be implemented by capital regulation (similar to that observed in practice, e.g., Solvency II ) and by actuarially fair technical reserve. However, these instruments are not sufficient when insurance companies are exposed to systemic risk: prudential regulation should also add a systemic component to capital requirements that is non-decreasing in the firm’s exposure to systemic risk. Implementing the optimal policy implies separating insurance firms into two categories according to their exposure to systemic risk: those with relatively low exposure should be eligible for bailouts, while those with high exposure should not benefit from public support if a systemic event occurs.

scholarly journals Approach to Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Methods for Performance Evaluation Process Using Interval-Valued T-Spherical Fuzzy Hamacher Aggregation Information

Axioms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Yun Jin ◽  
Zareena Kousar ◽  
Kifayat Ullah ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Nimet Yapici Pehlivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Aggregation Operators ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Membership Degree ◽  
Operational Laws ◽  
Multi Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Interval Valued ◽  
Do So

Interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy set (IVTSFS) handles uncertain and vague information by discussing their membership degree (MD), abstinence degree (AD), non-membership degree (NMD), and refusal degree (RD). MD, AD, NMD, and RD are defined in terms of closed subintervals of that reduce information loss compared to the T-spherical fuzzy set (TSFS), which takes crisp values from intervals; hence, some information may be lost. The purpose of this manuscript is to develop some Hamacher aggregation operators (HAOs) in the environment of IVTSFSs. To do so, some Hamacher operational laws based on Hamacher t-norms (HTNs) and Hamacher t-conorms (HTCNs) are introduced. Using Hamacher operational laws, we develop some aggregation operators (AOs), including an interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy Hamacher (IVTSFH) weighted averaging (IVTSFHWA) operator, an IVTSFH-ordered weighted averaging (IVTSFHOWA) operator, an IVTSFH hybrid averaging (IVTSFHHA) operator, an IVTSFH-weighted geometric (IVTSFHWG) operator, an IVTSFH-ordered weighted geometric (IVTSFHOWG) operator, and an IVTSFH hybrid geometric (IVTSFHHG) operator. The validation of the newly developed HAOs is investigated, and their basic properties are examined. In view of some restrictions, the generalization and proposed HAOs are shown, and a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) procedure is explored based on the HAOs, which are further exemplified. Finally, a comparative analysis of the proposed work is also discussed with previous literature to show the superiority of our work.

scholarly journals 506. Variation in Occupational Activities and Infection Prevention Practices in Healthcare Personnel Based on Exposure to COVID-19 Units

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S319-S319
Author(s):  
Jessica Howard-Anderson ◽  
Carly Adams ◽  
Amy C Sherman ◽  
William C Dube ◽  
Teresa C Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Panel Member ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Review Panel ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
Low Exposure

Abstract Background Healthcare personnel (HCP) may be at increased risk for COVID-19, but differences in risk by work activities are poorly defined. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends cohorting hospitalized patients with COVID-19 to reduce in-hospital transmission of SARS-CoV-2, but it is unknown if occupational and non-occupational behaviors differ based on exposure to COVID-19 units. Methods We analyzed a subset of HCP from an ongoing CDC-funded SARS-CoV-2 serosurveillance study. HCP were recruited from four Atlanta hospitals of different sizes and patient populations. All HCP completed a baseline REDCap survey. We used logistic regression to compare occupational activities and infection prevention practices among HCP stratified by exposure to COVID-19 units: low (0% of shifts), medium (1–49% of shifts) or high (≥50% of shifts). Results Of 211 HCP enrolled (36% emergency department [ED] providers, 35% inpatient RNs, 17% inpatient MDs/APPs, 7% radiology technicians and 6% respiratory therapists [RTs]), the majority (79%) were female and the median age was 35 years. Nearly half of the inpatient MD/APPs (46%) and RNs (47%) and over two-thirds of the RTs (67%) worked primarily in the ICU. Aerosol generating procedures were common among RNs, MD/APPs, and RTs (26–58% performed ≥1), but rare among ED providers (0–13% performed ≥1). Compared to HCP with low exposure to COVID-19 units, those with medium or high exposure spent a similar proportion of shifts directly at the bedside and were about as likely to practice universal masking. Being able to consistently social distance from co-workers was rare (33%); HCP with high exposure to COVID-19 units were less likely to report social distancing in the workplace compared to those with low exposure; however, this was not significantly different (OR 0.6; 95% CI: 0.3, 1.1). Concerns about personal protective equipment in COVID-19 units were similar across levels of exposure (Table 1). Table 1: Occupational activities and infection prevention behaviors of healthcare personnel stratified by level of exposure to COVID-19 units Conclusion The proportion of time spent in dedicated COVID-19 units did not appear to influence time HCP spend directly at the bedside or infection prevention practices (social distancing and universal masking) in the workplace. Risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCP may depend more on factors acting at the individual level rather than those related to location of work. Disclosures Jessica Howard-Anderson, MD, Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) (Other Financial or Material Support, The ARLG fellowship provides salary support for ID fellowship and mentored research training) Ben Lopman, PhD, MSc, Takeda Pharmaceuticals (Advisor or Review Panel member, Research Grant or Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Personal fees)World Health Organization (Advisor or Review Panel member, Other Financial or Material Support, Personal fees for technical advice and analysis)

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Hospitality Industry in Greece and Its Treasured Santorini Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7906
Author(s):  
Nikola Medová ◽  
Lucie Macková ◽  
Jaromir Harmacek
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

This paper focuses on the dynamic of the recent upheaval in the tourism and hospitality sector due to the COVID-19 epidemic in Greece and Santorini island. It uses the case study of a country one-fourth of whose GDP consists of tourism. We compare the available statistical data showing the change in variables in the previous years with 2020 and look into the new challenges and opportunities posed by the drop in the numbers of visitors and flights. We focus mainly on the economic and social impact on the destination and possible future scenarios for further development in the area. Data show a significant effect of the pandemic on multiple variables, such as the long-term trend of the importance of tourism sector in GDP in Greece, the number of flights and visitors to Greece and Santorini island, and the contribution of tourism and travel to GDP. Based on the available data, we also construct three foresight scenarios that describe the possible futures for Santorini island in terms of the pandemic evolution. These scenarios may help various stakeholders and policymakers to be better prepared for different developments that may appear.

scholarly journals Associations among child abuse, mental health, and epigenetic modifications in the proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC): A study with children in Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4pt2) ◽  
pp. 1401-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Hecker ◽  
Karl M. Radtke ◽  
Katharin Hermenau ◽  
Andreas Papassotiropoulos ◽  
Thomas Elbert
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
Altered Gene

AbstractChild abuse is associated with a number of emotional and behavioral problems. Nevertheless, it has been argued that these adverse consequences may not hold for societies in which many of the specific acts of abuse are culturally normed. Epigenetic modifications in the genes of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis may provide a potential mechanism translating abuse into altered gene expression, which subsequently results in behavioral changes. Our investigation took place in Tanzania, a society in which many forms of abuse are commonly employed as disciplinary methods. We included 35 children with high exposure and compared them to 25 children with low exposure. Extreme group comparisons revealed that children with high exposure reported more mental health problems. Child abuse was associated with differential methylation in the proopiomelanocortin gene (POMC), measured both in saliva and in blood. Hierarchical clustering based on the methylation of the POMC gene found two distinct clusters. These corresponded with children's self-reported abuse, with two-thirds of the children allocated into their respective group. Our results emphasize the consequences of child abuse based on both molecular and behavioral grounds, providing further evidence that acts of abuse affect children, even when culturally acceptable. Furthermore, on a molecular level, our findings strengthen the credibility of children's self-reports.

Systematic Evaluation of Office Ergonomics Training Programs

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2-709-2-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Robertson ◽  
Marie Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Office Environment ◽  
Positive Effects

This paper presents a systematic evaluation process to measure the effectiveness and benefits of office ergonomic training programs. Positive effects of such training is illustrated by two case studies involving office environment technologies. Successful components of office ergonomics training are also described.

An approach to decision making with interval-valued complex Pythagorean fuzzy model for evaluating personal risk of mental patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xindong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Model ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Pythagorean Fuzzy Set ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Personal Risk ◽  
Multiple Attribute ◽  
Uncertainty Information ◽  
Interval Valued

It is prominent important for managers to assess the personal risk of mental patients. The evaluation process refers to numerous indexes, and the evaluation values are general portrayed by uncertainty information. In order to conveniently model the complicated uncertainty information in realistic decision making, interval-valued complex Pythagorean fuzzy set is proposed. Firstly, with the aid of Einstein t-norm and t-conorm, four fundamental operations for interval-valued complex Pythagorean fuzzy number (IVCPFN) are constructed along with some operational properties. Subsequently, according to these proposed operations, the weighted average and weighted geometric forms of aggregation operators are initiated for fusing IVCPFNs, and their anticipated properties are also examined. In addition, a multiple attribute decision making issue is examined under the framework of IVCPFNs when employing the novel suggested operators. Ultimately, an example regarding the assessment on personal risk of mental patients is provided to reveal the practicability of the designed approach, and the attractiveness of our results is further found through comparing with other extant approaches.The main novelty of the coined approach is that it not only can preserve the original assessment information adequately by utilizing the IVCPFNs, but also can aggregate IVCPFNs effectively.

Typology of Digital Business Models in Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Helena Zentner ◽  
Mario Spremić
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Business Models ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Hospitality Sector ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Structured Literature Review

Digital business models are reshaping industries nowadays. This trend certainly includes the tourism and hospitality sector, where several digital business models have already gained extraordinary momentum and transformed the way business is done. There is a growing body of scholarly literature concerning individual digital business models in tourism, yet papers with comprehensive comparison of digital business models in tourism are scarce. The aim of the paper is to fill this research gap and provide a thorough overview and comparison of the most important types of digital business models in tourism. Methods used to achieve this include case studies and structured literature review supplemented with content analysis. The most important characteristics of each business model have been identified and analyzed using relevant frameworks. Further, a tourism digital business models typology has been proposed that classifies the currently prevailing digital business models in this sector into seven distinct types.

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