Practical Approbation of Thermodynamic Criteria for the Consolidation of Bimetallic and Functionally Gradient Materials

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1960
Author(s):  
Alexander Khaimovich ◽  
Yaroslav Erisov ◽  
Anton Agapovichev ◽  
Igor Shishkovsky ◽  
Vitaliy Smelov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Interphase Interaction ◽  
Nonequilibrium Processes ◽  
Gradient Materials ◽  
Energy Release Rates ◽  
Bimetallic Compounds

This study concerns the key problem of determining the conditions for the consolidation or fracture of bimetallic compounds and high-gradient materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion. The well-known approach to determining the strength is based on the assessment of the critical energy release rates during fracture, depending on the conditions of loading (the portion of shear loading). Unfortunately, most of the experimental results cannot be used directly to select suitable fracture toughness criteria before such a connection is made. This especially applies to the region of interphase interaction, when it is required to estimate the internal energy of destruction accumulated during the preparation of the joint in the adhesion layer within the range of 20–50 μm. Hence, criteria for the adhesive consolidation of bimetallic compound layers were obtained on the basis of the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes. The analysis of the quality of the joint using the obtained criteria was carried out on the basis of the calculation of isochoric and isobaric heat capacities and coefficients of thermal expansion of multiphase layers. The applicability of the criteria for the qualitative assessment of the adhesion of layers is demonstrated in the example of bimetallic joints of steel 316L—aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg obtained by the SLM method at various fusion modes.

Qualitative assessment of equipment failure cause finding and removal

2018 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
E. A. Vakulin ◽  
A. I. Zayats ◽  
V. A. Beklemeshev ◽  
V. A. Ivashkevich ◽  
V. A. Khazhiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Condition ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Equipment Failure ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Failure Investigation

Investigation of failures is one of the critical activities of mining and haulage equipment operability assurance in mining. Maintaining failure investigation at the required quality level, it is possible to identify provisions, rules and procedures that should be revised or changed, operation conditions that should be improved, additional personnel training, if required, etc. Investigation of failures in mines is under responsibility of machine men and electricians of maintenance and operation services. In reality, factory management and setup for production condition weak concernment of these workers in quality investigation aimed at finding of sources of equipment failures. This article describes real-life results achieved in development and use of maintenance service operation, technology and management monitoring. The requirements are substantiated for quality improvement in failure cause finding and removal in mining and haulage equipment at Chernogorsky open pit mine, SUEK-Khakassia. Causes of the present quality of failure investigation by machine men of Chernogorsky Repair and Engineering Works and Chernogorsky open pit mine are revealed. The proposed recommended practices will improve quality of mining and haulage equipment failure investigation.

Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: Today, Tomorrow and User Requirements

2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682110299
Author(s):  
Marga Giménez ◽  
Ignacio Conget ◽  
Nick Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Insulin Delivery ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Diabetes Distress ◽  
Glycemic Targets

Automated insulin delivery (AID) is the most recent advance in type 1 diabetes (T1D) management. It has the potential to achieve glycemic targets without disabling hypoglycemia, to improve quality of life and reduce diabetes distress and burden associated with self-management. Several AID systems are currently licensed for use by people with T1D in Europe, United States, and the rest of the world. Despite AID becoming a reality in routine clinical practice over the last few years, the commercially hybrid AID and other systems, are still far from a fully optimized automated diabetes management tool. Implementation of AID systems requires education and support of healthcare professionals taking care of people with T1D, as well as users and their families. There is much to do to increase usability, portability, convenience and to reduce the burden associated with the use of the systems. Co-design, involvement of people with lived experience of T1D and robust qualitative assessment is critical to improving the real-world use of AID systems, especially for those who may have greater need. In addition to this, information regarding the psychosocial impact of the use of AID systems in real life is needed. The first commercially available AID systems are not the end of the development journey but are the first step in learning how to optimally automate insulin delivery in a way that is equitably accessible and effective for people living with T1D.

scholarly journals Supranational Assessment of the Quality of Probiotics: Collaborative Initiative between Independent Accredited Testing Laboratories

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Jean-Pol Warzée ◽  
Marina Elli ◽  
Abdoulaye Fall ◽  
Daniela Cattivelli ◽  
Jean-Yves François
Keyword(s):  
Daily Basis ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Quality Label ◽  
Accredited Laboratories ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
The Eu

Recent acquisitions about the role of the microbiota in the functioning of the human body make it possible to envisage an increasing use of beneficial microbes, and more particularly of probiotics as well as their metabolites, as nutritional supplements. National and EU authorities are engaged in assuring the safety and quality of food supplements and in defining rules to assess and communicate their efficacy on human health. The quality of probiotics, intended as strains’ identification, viability, and stability over time, is a crucial factor of credibility with consumers and health professionals. Analytical technologies for the quality control of probiotics must also be adapted to new preparations, such as those including new multistrains complex combinations. Accredited laboratories face this relevant challenge on a daily basis. Through its close collaboration with the laboratory commissioned to produce the specifications for its ESLP quality label (identification and quantitative analyses) together with its scientific committee, the ESLP has been focusing on this issue for 10 years. Recently, as part of the internationalization of the ESLP quality label, a new and unique initiative in Europe for the evaluation of the quality of probiotic preparations has been carried out. The collaboration between two accredited laboratories in Belgium and in Italy represented a concrete example of supranational collaboration in the assessment of the quality of probiotic preparations. Results show that both laboratories are in line as expected in terms of performance. Common approaches to the qualitative assessment of probiotic preparations, especially for complex and composite recipes, in terms of number of strains and included substances, should be encouraged and promoted all over the EU.

scholarly journals Qualitative assessment of YouTube videos as a source of patient information for cochlear implant surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
C Thomas ◽  
J Westwood ◽  
G F Butt
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
Cochlear Implant Surgery ◽  
Youtube Videos

Abstract Background YouTube is increasingly used as a source of healthcare information. This study evaluated the quality of videos on YouTube about cochlear implants. Methods YouTube was searched using the phrase ‘cochlear implant’. The first 60 results were screened by two independent reviewers. A modified Discern tool was used to evaluate the quality of each video. Results Forty-seven videos were analysed. The mean overall Discern score was 2.0 out of 5.0. Videos scored higher for describing positive elements such as the benefits of a cochlear implant (mean score of 3.4) and scored lower for negative elements such as the risks of cochlear implant surgery (mean score of 1.3). Conclusion The quality of information regarding cochlear implant surgery on YouTube is highly variable. These results demonstrated a bias towards the positive attributes of cochlear implants, with little mention of the risks or uncertainty involved. Although videos may be useful as supplementary information, critical elements required to make an informed decision are lacking. This is of particular importance when patients are considering surgery.

scholarly journals Who guarantees the quality of the quality assurance agencies? The exploration of the establishment and growth of the Asia-Pacific Quality Register (APQR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxin Zhang ◽  
Jagannath Patil
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Register

Purpose After the “quantity era,” today higher education has entered into the “quality era” and as “the gate keepers of quality,” quality assurance agencies (QAAs) are playing more and more irreplaceable important roles and their social status are becoming more and more prominent. However, how to guarantee the quality of the QAAs? Who can review the QAAs? The purpose of this paper is based exploration of these questions. Design/methodology/approach Following the founding of the European Quality Assurance Register (EQAR) for Higher Education, the Asia Pacific Quality Register (APQR) became the second in the international quality assurance (QA) networks to implement QA register, in 2015 with initiative of Asia-Pacific Quality Network. Findings This paper first retrospects the history and process of APQR, and subsequently the implementation of APQR is described in detail from the two aspects of the criteria and the procedure, and at the end, the paper concludes with a summary of the three characteristics of this first formal implement of APQR: APQR is an international register open to all the QAAs; APQR emphasizes characteristics evaluation of diversity; and APQR highlights the combination of quantitative assessment and qualitative assessment. Originality/value Today on the international stage of QA, APQR has emerged as “the watchman of quality” in the Asia-Pacific region as counterpart of EQAR in Europe. How far away does such newly emerging form of guaranteeing the QAAs’ quality go forward, what is its future prospects and other concerning issues, are some of the question that need enthusiastic attention and contribution.

scholarly journals Opening Material as the Possibility of Elimination Veining in Foundries

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hrubovčáková ◽  
I. Vasková ◽  
M. Benková ◽  
M. Conev
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Granular Material ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Iron Castings ◽  
Thermal Dilatation

Abstract The main bulk density representation in the molding material is opening material, refractory granular material with a particle size of 0.02 mm. It forms a shell molds and cores, and therefore in addition to activating the surface of the grain is one of the most important features angularity and particle size of grains. These last two features specify the porosity and therefore the permeability of the mixture, and thermal dilatation of tension from braking dilation, the thermal conductivity of the mixture and even largely affect the strength of molds and cores, and thus the surface quality of castings. [1] Today foundries, which use the cast iron for produce of casts, are struggling with surface defects on the casts. One of these defects are veining. They can be eliminated in several ways. Veining are foundry defects, which arise as a result of tensions generated at the interface of the mold and metal. This tension also arises due to abrupt thermal expansion of silica sand and is therefore in the development of veining on the surface of casts deal primarily influences and characteristics of the filler material – opening material in the production of iron castings.

Influence of Leaning Materials on the Quality of Building Ceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Ruta Švinka ◽  
Visvaldis Švinka ◽  
Maris Rundans ◽  
Inta Timma ◽  
Laila Petersone
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Formation Of Cracks

Clay of the deposit Liepa is used for the production of ceramic building and finishing bricks in the factory “Lode” in Latvia. In the present work different types of these clays were investigated and “quartz effect” was determined using quartz sand as a leaning material. The substitution of quartz sand with milled E-glass fibre from Valmiera Glass was investigated and the changes in the magnitude of the quartz inversion effect were analysed. Thermal expansion was the main method for the determination of possible formation of cracks during technological process. Powder of milled glass fibre in amount of 5–10 % affects such properties as water uptake, porosity and apparent density and provides the required material properties at a lower firing temperature.

scholarly journals A Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Procedure Based on Stable Areas to Filter the Atmospheric Component

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Crosetto ◽  
Núria Devanthéry ◽  
Oriol Monserrat ◽  
Anna Barra ◽  
María Cuevas-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ◽  
Phase Component ◽  
Atmospheric Component ◽  
Persistent Scatterer ◽  
Land Deformation ◽  
Original Part ◽  
Monitoring Area ◽  
Construction Works

This paper describes a Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) procedure to monitor the land deformation in an urban area induced by aquifer dewatering and the consequent drawdown of the water table. The procedure, based on Sentinel-1 data, is illustrated considering the construction works of Glories Square, Barcelona (Spain). The study covers a period from March 2015 to November 2017, which includes a dewatering event in spring 2017. This paper describes the proposed procedure, whose most original part includes the estimation of the atmospheric phase component using stable areas located in the vicinity of the monitoring area. The performances of the procedure are analysed, characterising the original atmospheric phase component and the residual one that remains after modelling the atmospheric contribution. This procedure can work with any type of deformation phenomena, provided that its spatial extension is sufficiently small. The quality of the obtained time series is illustrated discussing different deformation results, including a validation result using piezometric data and a thermal expansion case.

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