scholarly journals Insights into the Metabolome of the Cyanobacterium Leibleinia gracilis from the Lagoon of Tahiti and First Inspection of Its Variability

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiren Solanki ◽  
Manon Pierdet ◽  
Olivier P. Thomas ◽  
Mayalen Zubia
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Chemical Marker ◽  
Turbinaria Ornata ◽  
Specialized Metabolites ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Fatty Acid Derivatives ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oxidized Fatty Acid

Cyanobacteria are known to produce a large diversity of specialized metabolites that can cause severe (eco)toxicological effects. In the lagoon of Tahiti, the benthic cyanobacterium Leibleinia gracilis is commonly found overgrowing the proliferative macroalga Turbinaria ornata or dead branching corals. The specialized metabolome of the cyanobacterium L. gracilis was therefore investigated together with its variability on both substrates and changes in environmental parameters. For the study of the metabolome variability, replicates of L. gracilis were collected in the same location of the lagoon of Tahiti before and after a raining event, both on dead corals and on T. ornata. The variability in the metabolome was inferred from a comparative non-targeted metabolomic using high resolution mass spectrometry (MS) data and a molecular network analysis built through MS/MS analyses. Oxidized fatty acid derivatives including the unusual 11-oxopalmitelaidic acid were found as major constituents of the specialized metabolome of this species. Significant variations in the metabolome of the cyanobacteria were observed, being more important with a change in environmental factors. Erucamide was found to be the main chemical marker highly present when the cyanobacterium grows on the macroalga. This study highlights the importance of combined approaches in metabolomics and molecular networks to inspect the variability in the metabolome of cyanobacteria with applications for ecological questions.

scholarly journals Impact of treated sewage on meiobenthic nematodes: a case study from the Tunisian Refining Industries Company

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hedfi ◽  
M. Ben Ali ◽  
A. Noureldeen ◽  
H. Darwish ◽  
T. Saif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bizerte Bay ◽  
De Man ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main objective of the current study was to assess the impact of the water taken from the ‘Tunisian Refining Industries Company’ on meiobenthic nematodes, before and after a series of treatments in decantation basins followed by its discharge in Bizerte bay, Tunisia. The comparison of environmental parameters of the two types of water was clearly indicative of an improvement in the quality of treated waters after a significant reduction in their loads in hydrocarbons. Overall, the water retained a good quality after being treated by ‘Tunisian Refining Industries Company’ before discharge in the sea. At the end of the experiment, differential responses were observed according to the richness of sediment in organic matter and hydrocarbons. Thus, it was apparent that the nematode assemblage exposed to the treated waters was closer to controls and associated to higher values of abundance, than that under untreated ones. It was also assumed that the species Microlaimus honestus De Man, 1922, Paramonohystera proteus Wieser, 1956 and Cyartonema germanicum Juario, 1972 are sensitive bioindicators of bad environmental statues and of hydrocarbon presence in the environment. On the other hand, Metoncholaimus pristiurus (Zur Strassen, 1894) Filipjev, 1918 would rather be classified as a positive bioindicative species of this type of pollutants.

scholarly journals Urinary Concentrations of Diisoheptyl Phthalate Biomarkers in Convenience Samples of U.S. Adults in 2000 and 2018–2019

Toxics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Manori J. Silva ◽  
Lee-Yang Wong ◽  
James L. Preau ◽  
Ella Samandar ◽  
Emmanuela Obi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Oxidative Metabolites ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Exposure Biomarkers ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Commercial Applications

We know little about the potential health risks from exposure to diisoheptyl phthalate (DiHpP), a plasticizer used in commercial applications. The production of DiHpP ended in the United States in 2010, but DiHpP may still be present in phthalate diester mixtures. To investigate human exposure to DiHpP, we used three oxidative metabolites of DiHpP: Monohydroxyheptyl phthalate (MHHpP), mono-oxoheptylphthalate (MOHpP), and monocarboxyhexyl phthalate (MCHxP) as exposure biomarkers. We analyzed urine collected anonymously in 2000 (N = 144) and 2018–2019 (N = 205) from convenience groups of U.S. adults using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with isotope-dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry. We detected MCHxP in all the samples tested in 2000 (GM = 2.01 ng/mL) and 2018–2019 (GM = 1.31 ng/mL). MHHpP was also detected in 100% of the 2018–2019 samples (GM = 0.59 ng/mL) and 96% of the 2000 urine samples analyzed (GM = 0.38 ng/mL). MOHpP was detected in 57% (2018–2019, GM = 0.03 ng/mL) and 92% (2000, GM = 0.19 ng/mL) of samples. The presence of MHHpP, MOHpP, and MCHxP in the 2018–2019 samples suggests recent exposure to DiHpP. Intercorrelations between metabolite concentrations were more significant in samples collected in 2000 than in samples collected in 2018–2019. The differences in urinary metabolite profiles and intercorrelations from samples collected during 2000 and 2018–2019 likely reflects changes in the composition of commercial DiHpP formulations before and after 2010.

P0473LONGITUDINAL CHANGES OF IGA1 O-GLYCOFORM IN IGA NEPHROPATHY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
YUKAKO OHYAMA ◽  
Hisateru Yamaguchi ◽  
Kazuki Nakajima ◽  
Daijo Inaguma ◽  
Midori Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Neuraminidase Treatment ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background and Aims Elevation of circulatory IgA1 with galactose-deficient (Gd) hinge-region (HR) O-glycans (Gd-IgA1) has been detected in most IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients based on lectin ELISA. However, new approaches are needed for molecular-level characterization of IgA1 HR glycoform(s) in IgAN. We established a high-throughput method for analysis of IgA1 HR O-glycoforms using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). To identify IgAN-associated IgA1 HR O-glycoforms and to assess their changes after therapy (with or without corticosteroids (CS)), we profiled IgA1 HR glycopeptides from sera collected at two time points (before and after therapy) from Japanese IgAN patients. Method Of the 10 Japanese IgAN patients recruited, 4 received CS treatment (CS group) and 6 have not (non-CS group). Japanese healthy volunteers (HC, n=10) were recruited as controls. Serum IgA1 was purified by affinity chromatography from HC and IgAN patients before and after therapy. After neuraminidase treatment and trypsin digestion, IgA1 HR glycosylation heterogeneity was analyzed by LC-HRMS. The relative abundance (RA, %) for each glycopeptide was calculated as percentage to the total IgA1 HR glycopeptide. The amount of each glycopeptide was then calculated by multiplying serum IgA concentration (mg/dL) by RA. Results Approximately 60% of IgA1 HR O-glycoforms in IgAN patients and HC were Gd O-glycoforms; these glycoforms contained one to three Gd-glycan(s), designated as 1 Gd-glycoform, 2 Gd-glycoform and 3 Gd-glycoform, respectively. In IgAN patients, the RA of non Gd-IgA1 glycoforms was elevated (P=0.002) and correlated with proteinuria (g/gCr) at renal biopsy (P=0.039, R=0.657). The amounts of non Gd- and 1Gd-glycoforms were higher in IgAN patients compared to HC (each P<0.001). After several years of follow up (2.77 years (1.44-3.85)), the RA of non Gd-glycoforms decreased in CS group of IgAN patients (P=0.039) whereas it remained unchanged in the non-CS group (P=0.488). The amount of non Gd-glycoforms exhibited similar trends, i.e., decreased in CS group (P=0.068) whereas it remained unchanged in the non-CS group (P=0.943). Conclusion This study profiled serum IgA1 for IgAN-associated IgA1 HR O-glycoforms at the molecular level and assessed their changes in response to CS vs. non-CS therapy. IgA1 HR O-glycoforms altered by treatment may serve as a biomarker(s) for monitoring patients’ responses to therapy.

scholarly journals Lipid profile of bovine grade-1 blastocysts produced either in vivo or in vitro before and after slow freezing process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Janati Idrissi ◽  
Daniel Le Bourhis ◽  
Antoine Lefevre ◽  
Patrick Emond ◽  
Laurene Le Berre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Slow Freezing ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lipid Enrichment

Abstract Currently, in vitro embryo production (IVP) is successfully commercially applied in cattle. However, the high sensitivity of embryos to cryopreservation in comparison to in vivo (IVD) embryos slows the dissemination of this biotechnology. Reduced cryotolerance is frequently associated with lipid accumulation in the cytoplasm mainly due to in vitro culture conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lipid composition of biopsied and sexed embryos, produced either in vivo or in vitro from the same Holstein heifers before and after a slow freezing protocol. Lipid extracts were analysed by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, which enabled the detection of 496 features. Our results highlighted a lipid enrichment of IVP embryos in triglycerides and oxidised glycerophospholipids and a reduced abundance in glycerophospholipids. The slow freezing process affected the lipid profiles of IVP and IVD embryos similarly. Lysophosphatidylcholine content was reduced when embryos were frozen/thawed. In conclusion, the embryonic lipid profile is impacted by IVP and slow freezing protocols but not by sex. Lysophosphatidylcholine seemed highly sensitive to cryopreservation and might contribute to explain the lower quality of frozen embryos. Further studies are required to improve embryo freezability by modulating the lipidome.

scholarly journals Changes in zooplankton communities of the Lebyazhye system restored lakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022069
Author(s):  
O Y Derevenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Lake System ◽  
Area Reduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Water Catchment

Abstract Ponds rehabilitation projects for the purpose of eco - rehabilitation following significant anthropogenic impacts or degradation are becoming more frequent but not always successful. Therefore, the experience of the restoration of the Lebyazhye system lakes in Kazan city (Russia) is interesting. Previously, the lake system used to consist of four ponds, but due to water catchment area reduction, the area of the lake system also decreased, and only one lake remained. The restoration of the Lebyazhye system lakes was carried out in 2017 and included the deepening of the basin of the Bolshoe and Svetloe Lebyazhye lakes to 4 m, the sealing of the bed of future ponds with bentonite mats, supplying water from Izumrudnoye lake through a pressure water conduit and filling the basin of the lakes with water. The research is devoted to the study of the restoration of zooplankton communities in the Lebyazhye system lakes. For this purpose, the indicators of zooplankton communities before and after eco-rehabilitation measures were compared. After the implementation of eco-rehabilitation measures, significant changes in environmental parameters were observed: the salinity of water decreased, the oxygen content in the water, pH increased. In zooplankton communities, the species richness and diversity increased, new species appeared, as well as those that lived in the lake system earlier before eco-rehabilitation measures were taken.

scholarly journals Effect of UV-A, UV-B and UV-C irradiation of glyphosate on photolysis and mitigation of aquatic toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitra Papagiannaki ◽  
Claudio Medana ◽  
Rita Binetti ◽  
Paola Calza ◽  
Peter Roslev
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Indirect Photolysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Inorganic Constituents ◽  
Uv C

AbstractThe active herbicide ingredient glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is frequently detected as a contaminant in groundwater and surface waters. This study investigated effects of UV-A (365 nm), UV-B (302 nm) and UV-C (254 nm) irradiation of glyphosate in water on photolysis and toxicity to aquatic organisms from different trophic levels. A test battery with bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Aliivibrio fischeri), a green microalga (Raphidocelis subcapitata), and a crustacean (Daphnia magna) was used to assess biological effect of glyphosate and bioactive transformation products before and after UV irradiation (4.7–70 J/cm2). UV-C irradiation at 20 J/cm2 resulted in a 2–23-fold decrease in toxicity of glyphosate to aquatic test organisms. UV-B irradiation at 70 J/cm2 caused a twofold decrease whereas UV-A did not affect glyphosate toxicity at doses ≤ 70 J/cm2. UV-C irradiation of glyphosate in drinking water and groundwater with naturally occurring organic and inorganic constituents showed comparable or greater reduction in toxicity compared to irradiation in deionized water. High-resolution mass spectrometry analyses of samples after UV-C irradiation showed > 90% decreases in glyphosate concentrations and the presence of multiple transformation products. The study suggests that UV mediated indirect photolysis can decrease concentrations of glyphosate and generate less toxic products with decreased overall toxicity to aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Variation Aligns with Two Geographically Distinct Subpopulations of Brachypodium Distachyon before and after Drought Stress

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Skalska ◽  
Manfred Beckmann ◽  
Fiona Corke ◽  
Gulsemin Savas Tuna ◽  
Metin Tuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Model Grass

Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is a non-domesticated model grass that has been used to assess population level genomic variation. We have previously established a collection of 55 Brachypodium accessions that were sampled to reflect five different climatic regions of Turkey; designated 1a, 1c, 2, 3 and 4. Genomic and methylomic variation differentiated the collection into two subpopulations designated as coastal and central (respectively from regions 1a, 1c and the other from 2, 3 and 4) which were linked to environmental variables such as relative precipitation. Here, we assessed how far genomic variation would be reflected in the metabolomes and if this could be linked to an adaptive trait. Metabolites were extracted from eight-week-old seedlings from each accession and assessed using flow infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE-HRMS). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the derived metabolomes differentiated between samples from coastal and central subpopulations. The major sources of variation between seedling from the coastal and central subpopulations were identified. The central subpopulation was typified by significant increases in alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Coastal subpopulation exhibited elevated levels of the auxin, indolacetic acid and rhamnose. The metabolomes of the seedling were also determined following the imposition of drought stress for seven days. The central subpopulation exhibited a metabolomic shift in response to drought, but no significant changes were seen in the coastal one. The drought responses in the central subpopulation were typified by changes in amino acids, increasing the glutamine that could be functioning as a stress signal. There were also changes in sugars that were likely to be an osmotic counter to drought, and changes in bioenergetic metabolism. These data indicate that genomic variation in our Turkish Brachypodium collection is largely reflected as distinctive metabolomes (“metabolotypes”) through which drought tolerance might be mediated.

scholarly journals Metabolic Fingerprinting of Feces from Calves, Subjected to Gram-Negative Bacterial Endotoxin

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Saeid Kamel Oroumieh ◽  
Abbas Ali Naserian ◽  
Lieven Van Meulebroek ◽  
Ellen De Paepe ◽  
Reza Valizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Endotoxin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Before And After

Gram-negative bacteria have a well-known impact on the disease state of neonatal calves and their mortality. This study was the first to implement untargeted metabolomics on calves’ fecal samples to unravel the effect of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this context, calves were challenged with LPS and administered with fish oil, nanocurcumin, or dexamethasone to evaluate treatment effects. Ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) was employed to map fecal metabolic fingerprints from the various groups before and after LPS challenge. Based on the generated fingerprints, including 9650 unique feature ions, significant separation according to LPS group was achieved through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (Q2 of 0.57 and p-value of 0.022), which allowed the selection of 37 metabolites as bacterial endotoxin markers. Tentative identification of these markers suggested that the majority belonged to the subclass of the carboxylic acid derivatives—amino acids, peptides, and analogs—and fatty amides, with these subclasses playing a role in the metabolism of steroids, histidine, glutamate, and folate. Biological interpretations supported the revealed markers’ potential to aid in disease diagnosis, whereas beneficial effects were observed following dexamethasone, fish oil, and nanocurcumin treatment.

scholarly journals REDUCTION OF STRIPING NOISE IN OVERLAPPING LIDAR INTENSITY DATA BY RADIOMETRIC NORMALIZATION

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B1 ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Wai Yeung Yan ◽  
Ahmed Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Joint Histogram ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Range Equation ◽  
Parallel Strips ◽  
Airborne Lidar Data

To serve seamless mapping, airborne LiDAR data are usually collected with multiple parallel strips with one or two cross strip(s). Nevertheless, the overlapping regions of LiDAR data strips are usually found with unbalanced intensity values, resulting in the appearance of stripping noise. Despite that physical intensity correction methods are recently proposed, some of the system and environmental parameters are assumed as constant or not disclosed, leading to such an intensity discrepancy. This paper presents a new normalization technique to adjust the radiometric misalignment found in the overlapping LiDAR data strips. The normalization technique is built upon a second-order polynomial function fitted on the joint histogram plot, which is generated with a set of pairwise closest data points identified within the overlapping region. The method was tested on Teledyne Optech’s Gemini dataset (at 1064 nm wavelength), where the LiDAR intensity data were first radiometrically corrected based on the radar (range) equation. Five land cover features were selected to evaluate the coefficient of variation (<i>cv</i>) of the intensity values before and after implementing the proposed method. Reduction of <i>cv</i> was found by 19% to 59% in the Gemini dataset, where the striping noise was significantly reduced in the radiometrically corrected and normalized intensity data. The Gemini dataset was also used to conduct land cover classification, and the overall accuracy yielded a notable improvement of 9% to 18%. As a result, LiDAR intensity data should be pre-processed with radiometric correction and normalization prior to any data manipulation.

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