scholarly journals Rapid, Simple and Inexpensive Fabrication of Paper-Based Analytical Devices by Parafilm® Hot Pressing

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Surasak Kasetsirikul ◽  
Kimberley Clack ◽  
Muhammad J. A. Shiddiky ◽  
Nam-Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Biomolecule Detection ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Hydrophobic Barrier ◽  
Protein Binding Capacity

Paper-based analytical devices have been substantially developed in recent decades. Many fabrication techniques for paper-based analytical devices have been demonstrated and reported. Herein, we report a relatively rapid, simple, and inexpensive method for fabricating paper-based analytical devices using parafilm hot pressing. We studied and optimized the effect of the key fabrication parameters, namely pressure, temperature, and pressing time. We discerned the optimal conditions, including a pressure of 3.8 MPa, temperature of 80 °C, and 3 min of pressing time, with the smallest hydrophobic barrier size (821 µm) being governed by laminate mask and parafilm dispersal from pressure and heat. Physical and biochemical properties were evaluated to substantiate the paper functionality for analytical devices. The wicking speed in the fabricated paper strips was slightly lower than that of non-processed paper, resulting from a reduced paper pore size after hot pressing. A colorimetric immunological assay was performed to demonstrate the protein binding capacity of the paper-based device after exposure to pressure and heat from the fabrication. Moreover, mixing in a two-dimensional paper-based device and flowing in a three-dimensional counterpart were thoroughly investigated, demonstrating that the paper devices from this fabrication process are potentially applicable as analytical devices for biomolecule detection. Fast, easy, and inexpensive parafilm hot press fabrication presents an opportunity for researchers to develop paper-based analytical devices in resource-limited environments.

Rapid, Simple and Inexpensive Fabrication of Paper-based Analytical Devices by Parafilm® Hot Pressing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sursak Kasetsirikul ◽  
Kimberley Clack ◽  
Muhammad J.A. Shiddiky ◽  
Nam-Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Biomolecule Detection ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Hydrophobic Barrier ◽  
Protein Binding Capacity ◽  
Paper Device

Paper-based analytical devices have been substantially developed in recent decades. Many fabrication techniques for paper-based analytical devices have been demonstrated and reported. Herein we report a relatively rapid, simple, and inexpensive method for fabricating paper-based analytical devices using parafilm hot pressing. We studied and optimized the effect of the key fabrication parameters, namely pressure, temperature, and pressing time. We discerned the optimal conditions, including pressure of 3.8 MPa (3 tons), temperature of 80oC, and 3 minutes of pressing time, with the smallest hydrophobic barrier size (821 µm) being governed by laminate mask and parafilm dispersal from pressure and heat. Physical and biochemical properties were evaluated to substantiate the paper functionality for analytical devices. Wicking speed in the fabricated paper strips was slightly slower than that of non-processed paper, resulting from reducing paper pore size. A colorimetric immunological assay was performed to demonstrate the protein binding capacity of the paper-based device after exposure to pressure and heat from the fabrication. Moreover, mixing in two-dimensional paper-based device and flowing in a three-dimensional counterpart were thoroughly investigated, demonstrating that the paper device from this fabrication process is potentially applicable as analytical devices for biomolecule detection. Fast, easy, and inexpensive parafilm hot press fabrication presents an opportunity for researchers to develop paper-based analytical devices in resource-limited environments.

PHASE TRANSFORMATION OF BN NANOPARTICLES UNDER HIGH PRESSURE LOW TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (15n17) ◽  
pp. 2663-2668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. CHEN ◽  
Z. F. LAI ◽  
K. LI ◽  
D. L. CUI ◽  
N. LUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Pressing Time

Phase transformation of BN nanoparticles under high pressure (580~860MPa) and low temperature (270~325°C) hot press conditions was investigated. It was found that the contents of orthorhombic boron nitride (oBN) and cubic boron nitride (cBN) increased with the increase of temperature and the prolonging of hot pressing time under high pressure conditions. At the same time, because of the intergrowth of hBN, oBN and cBN. there are strong interactions among these three phases.

scholarly journals Structure and characteristics of the hot pressed hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactide composite

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Ignjatovic ◽  
Edin Suljovrujic ◽  
Z. Stojanovic ◽  
Dragan Uskokovic
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Ir Study ◽  
Electron Dispersion ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

Hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactide (HAp/PLL) composite biomaterial can be obtained by different processing methods. Three-dimensional blocks of HAp/PLLA composite biomaterial with mechanical characteristics close to the natural bone tissue can be obtained by hot pressing procedure. Effects of synthesis and compacting on the structure and characteristics of the HAp/PLLA composite biomaterial were studied in this work. Using wade angle X-ray structural analyses (WAXS), differentially scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, the changes occurring in the material during synthesis and hot pressing were monitored. Surface microstructure was analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) coupled with electron-dispersion analysis (EDX). The results obtained indicate a possible decrease in the degree of crystallinity with hot pressing time increase. A block of HAp/PLLA composite biomaterial with 1.6 times lower crystallinity of the polymer phase was obtained by hot pressing in a given time interval with a maximum of 60 minutes. Results of TG analysis show that PLLA stability decreases with increasing hot pressing time, and vice versa. IR study proved that neither destructive changes in constituents nor formation of new phases occurred during hot pressing.

Investigation of a formaldehyde-free cottonseed flour-based adhesive for interior plywood

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 5546-5557
Author(s):  
Nairong Chen ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
Kaichang Li
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Wood Adhesive ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Cottonseed Flour ◽  
Press Temperature ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Pot Life

A new formaldehyde-free wood adhesive, primarily composed of defatted cottonseed flour (CF) and polyamine-epichlorohydrin (K736) resin, was investigated for the preparation of interior plywood. Sodium hydroxide was an essential component of the adhesive. The effects of pH values of the CF-K736 adhesive, the CF/K736 weight ratio on the pot life of the adhesive, and the water resistance of the resulting plywood panels were investigated in detail. The hot-pressing temperature and time were optimized in terms of the water resistance of the resulting plywood panels. The resulting 5-ply plywood panels met the industrial water resistance requirements for interior application under the following conditions: pH > 11, CF/K736 weight ratio in the range of 8/1 to 5/1, hot-press temperature ≥ 120 °C, and hot-pressing time > 4 min. The pot life of the adhesive was approximately 3 h when the pH was 12 and the CF/K736 weight ratio was 8/1. The curing mechanism of the adhesive is discussed.

Technics and Properties of Plywood Manufacture with Modified Urea-Formaldehyde Resin

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Mei Wang ◽  
Jian Zhang Li ◽  
Ji Zhi Zhang ◽  
Qiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Formaldehyde Emission ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Pressing Temperature ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Modified Urea

In this study, urea-formaldehyde resin was modified and used to bond three-ply plywood. The effect of hot press parameters on properties of plywood bonded by the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive was investigated by an L(43) experimental design. The optimum technical parameters of hot press were obtained. Conclusions were as follows: (1) After modification, the free formaldehyde content of the urea-formaldehyde resin and the formaldehyde emission of resulting plywood were reduced by 74% and 70%, respectively; (2) The optimum technical parameters were 140°C of hot-pressing temperature, 80s/mm of hot-pressing time, 300g/m2 of glue content, and 0.8% of curing agent; (3) Under the optimum technical parameters, the bond strength and the formaldehyde emission of the plywood was 1.17MPa and 0.47mg/L, respectively.

Modeling and Simulation of Optimal Blank Design and Hot Pressing Process for Manufacturing Large Francis Turbines Blades From Very Thick Plates

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengkun Feng ◽  
Henri Champliaud ◽  
Louis Mathieu ◽  
Michel Sabourin
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Francis Turbine ◽  
Thick Plates ◽  
Pressing Process ◽  
Blank Design ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Applied Forces

Hot pressing process is widely used in automotive, shipbuilding, energy production and civil engineering. However, the trial and error technique that is intensive time and energy consuming is still used. Particularly, the design of Francis turbines of hydropower plants is not standard, but variable from site to site due to hydraulic conditions and cost of energy. As a result, the blade hydraulic profile of each Francis turbine is different. The blades, one of the key components of Francis turbine runners, are produced in small batches and the setup of the dedicated punch and die increases significantly the unit production costs. In this paper, the blade unfolding process for optimal blank design will be firstly presented, and then a hot pressing process for very thick plates is proposed. The pressing process of high strength steel at hot temperature is characterized by thermo-mechanical behaviors, three-dimensional unsteady deformation, high nonlinearity, continuous local forming. The analyses of residual stress distribution and applied forces are carried out.

Integrating Simulation with Experiment for Recycled Metal Matrix Composite (MMC-AlR) Developed through Hot Press Forging

2018 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azlan Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Amri Lajis ◽  
Shazarel Shamsudin ◽  
Nur Kamilah Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Deform 3D

This study proposes of harmonizing the original approach of aluminium alloy recycling through hot press forging. By eradicating the melting phase, most of the waste generation can be significantly reduced. To cope with the technology revolution, the finite element is utilised to predict the material behaviour without practically executing the trial. By employing three-dimensional finite element analysis through DEFORM 3D, the evaluations were demonstrated by simulating the isothermal forging process. The flow stress of the material was modified to adequate with the aluminium-based metal matrix composite used in the actual experiment. To that extent, this study found out that the strain of the workpiece had gradually increased on each step. A reduction of ~10% of the flesh observed in the simulation is roughly the same as existed on the experiment workpiece. Above all, the simulation conducted abides by the standard and follows the actual practice that has been done previously. Through the finite element utilization, this study discussed the performance of the recycled based composite. The result presented here may facilitate improvement in the recycling issue and also conserved the environment for the better future.

Coupling Numerical Simulation of Resin Matrix Composites about Temperature and Degree of Cure Fields by Hot-Press Forming

2013 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Fei Sun ◽  
Dun Ming Liao ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Chang Chun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Exothermic Peak ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Degree Of Cure ◽  
Resin Matrix Composite ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, a coupled numerical model of three-dimensional transient temperature field and degree of cure field for resin matrix composite curing process was developed. Using this model the hot-press curing process of the plate-shaped composite parts were simulated with considering the impact of tools and auxiliary materials. Thus, the temperature and degree of cure fields distribution in the entire process cycle were obtained. Numerical results show that the curing of the composite has a certain sequence. At the beginning, the composite is first curing at the boundary and gradually to the center. At the end stage, because of the higher curing rate, the center released a large amount of heat which makes the boundary curing simultaneously with center. In addition, there is a significant exothermic peak during the curing process. And the peak temperature is higher when it was closer to the center. This research effectively provides reference for optimizing the heating process parameters to improve product quality.

scholarly journals High light induces species specific changes in the membrane lipid composition of Chlorella

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (13) ◽  
pp. 2543-2559
Author(s):  
Janka Widzgowski ◽  
Alexander Vogel ◽  
Lena Altrogge ◽  
Julia Pfaff ◽  
Heiko Schoof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membranes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Isotopic Labeling ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Hydrophobic Barrier ◽  
Glycerolipid Composition ◽  
Species Specific

Algae have evolved several mechanisms to adjust to changing environmental conditions. To separate from their surroundings, algal cell membranes form a hydrophobic barrier that is critical for life. Thus, it is important to maintain or adjust the physical and biochemical properties of cell membranes which are exposed to environmental factors. Especially glycerolipids of thylakoid membranes, the site of photosynthesis and photoprotection within chloroplasts, are affected by different light conditions. Since little is known about membrane lipid remodeling upon different light treatments, we examined light induced alterations in the glycerolipid composition of the two Chlorella species, C. vulgaris and C. sorokiniana, which differ strongly in their ability to cope with different light intensities. Lipidomic analysis and isotopic labeling experiments revealed differences in the composition of their galactolipid species, although both species likely utilize galactolipid precursors originated from the endoplasmic reticulum. However, in silico research of de novo sequenced genomes and ortholog mapping of proteins putatively involved in lipid metabolism showed largely conserved lipid biosynthesis pathways suggesting species specific lipid remodeling mechanisms, which possibly have an impact on the response to different light conditions.

scholarly journals KUALITAS PAPAN KOMPOSIT DARI LIMBAH FINIR KAYU LAPIS BERDASARKAN UKURAN PARTIKEL DAN WAKTU PENGEMPAAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PEREKAT LIMBAH PLASTIK POLIPROPILENA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonsus Rodriquez ◽  
Ahmad Yani ◽  
Fathul Yusro
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Absorption Thickness ◽  
Water Contents

This study aims to analyze the quality of composite boards from plywood veneers waste and polypropylene plastic waste adhesives base on particle sizes, pressing times, and both of interaction towards physical and mechanical properties also to obtain the particle sizes and pressing time properly with the result that produce the qualified standard boards of JIS A 5908-2003. This research carried out at the wood workshop, laboratory of technology and processing of woods (the faculty of forestry, university of Tanjungpura), and the laboratory of PT. Duta Pertiwi Nusantara. The materials used in this study were plywood veneers waste and polypropylene plastic by 50% : 50% comparison. The research method was utilized the completely randomized factorial design by two treatment factors. Factor A was particle sizes that consisting of 6 mesh, 8 mesh, and 10 mesh. Factor B was pressing time that consisting of 10 minutes, 15 minute, and 20 minutes. Composite boards were created by 30 x 30 x 1 size in centimetres by means the density target was 0,7 gr/cm3. The pressing was done by hot press in 180oC temperature and composite boards conditioning for 14 days. The results of this study showed that the density, water absorption, thickness, Modulus of Repture (MOR), internal bonding, holding strength of screws in the composite boards have been qualified the standard of JIS A 5908-2003. While, the water contents and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) testing were not qualified the standard of JIS 5908-2003. The treatment that produce the optimum composite boards which quality JIS A 5908-2003 standard was on the 8 mesh particle size treatment by means of 15 minutes pressing time.Keywords: Composite Board, Particle Size, Polypropylene Plastics, Pressing Time, Veneers Waste.

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