scholarly journals Effect of Commercial Amendments on Immobilization of Arsenic, Copper, and Zinc in Contaminated Soil: Comprehensive Assessing to Plant Uptake Combined with a Microbial Community Approach

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1143
Author(s):  
Tuan Nguyen Nguyen Quoc ◽  
Zahra Derakhshan Nejad ◽  
Myung Chae Jung
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Biolog Ecoplate ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Cu And Zn

Identifying the proper chemical and biological materials as soil amendments is a great concern because they replace soil properties and subsequently change the soil quality. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a diverse range of soil amendments including bentonite (B), talc (T), activated carbon (AC), and cornstarch (CS) in form of sole and composite on the immobilization and bioavailability of As, Cu, and Zn. The amendments were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRF, and applied at 2% (w/w) in the experimental pots with an Asteraceae (i.e., lettuce) for 45 days to monitor plant growth parameters and soil microbial community. Soil pH from 6.1 ± 0.02 significantly increased in the amended soils with the maximum value found for TAC (7.4 ± 0.04). The results showed that soil amendments reduced easily in an exchangeable fractionation of As, Cu, and Zn with the maximum values found for BAC by 66.4%, AC by 84.2%, and T by 89.7% respectively. Adding B, T, AC, and their composites induced dry biomass of lettuce >40 wt.%, while CS and its composites did not affect the dry biomass of the plant. The average content of Cu and Zn in plant tissues decreased >45 wt% in B, AC, and their composites amended soils; meanwhile, AC and its composites mitigated As uptake by >30 wt.% in lettuce. The results of Biolog Ecoplate showed that the amending soils improved the microbial community, especially for composites (e.g., TCS). The results demonstrated that adding composites amendments provided an efficient method for the immobilization of metals and metalloids, and also induced plant growth parameters and microbial community.

Can repeated soil amendment with biogas digestates increase soil suppressiveness toward non-specific soil-borne pathogens in agricultural lands?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
L. M. Manici ◽  
F. Caputo ◽  
G. A. Cappelli ◽  
E. Ceotto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Biomass Production

Abstract Soil suppressiveness which is the natural ability of soil to support optimal plant growth and health is the resultant of multiple soil microbial components; which implies many difficulties when estimating this soil condition. Microbial benefits for plant health from repeated digestate applications were assessed in three experimental sites surrounding anaerobic biogas plants in an intensively cultivated area of northern Italy. A 2-yr trial was performed in 2017 and 2018 by performing an in-pot plant growth assay, using soil samples taken from two fields for each experimental site, of which one had been repeatedly amended with anaerobic biogas digestate and the other had not. These fields were similar in management and crop sequences (maize was the recurrent crop) for the last 10 yr. Plant growth response in the bioassay was expressed as plant biomass production, root colonization frequency by soil-borne fungi were estimated to evaluate the impact of soil-borne pathogens on plant growth, abundance of Pseudomonas and actinomycetes populations in rhizosphere were estimated as beneficial soil microbial indicators. Repeated soil amendment with digestate increased significantly soil capacity to support plant biomass production as compared to unamended control in both the years. Findings supported evidence that this increase was principally attributable to a higher natural ability of digestate-amended soils to reduce root infection by saprophytic soil-borne pathogens whose inoculum was increased by the recurrent maize cultivation. Pseudomonas and actinomycetes were always more abundant in digestate-amended soils suggesting that both these large bacterial groups were involved in the increase of their natural capacity to control soil-borne pathogens (soil suppressiveness).

scholarly journals New Soil, Old Plants, and Ubiquitous Microbes: Evaluating the Potential of Incipient Basaltic Soil to Support Native Plant Growth and Influence Belowground Soil Microbial Community Composition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Sengupta ◽  
Priyanka Kushwaha ◽  
Antonia Jim ◽  
Peter A. Troch ◽  
Raina Maier
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Soil Microbial

The plant-microbe-soil nexus is critical in maintaining biogeochemical balance of the biosphere. However, soil loss and land degradation are occurring at alarmingly high rates, with soil loss exceeding soil formation rates. This necessitates evaluating marginal soils for their capacity to support and sustain plant growth. In a greenhouse study, we evaluated the capacity of marginal incipient basaltic parent material to support native plant growth, and the associated variation in soil microbial community dynamics. Three plant species, native to the Southwestern Arizona-Sonora region were tested with three soil treatments including basaltic parent material, parent material amended with 20% compost, and potting soil. The parent material with and without compost supported germination and growth of all the plant species, though germination was lower than the potting soil. A 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing approach showed Proteobacteria to be the most abundant phyla in both parent material and potting soil, followed by Actinobacteria. Microbial community composition had strong correlations with soil characteristics but not plant attributes within a given soil material. Predictive functional potential capacity of the communities revealed chemoheterotrophy as the most abundant metabolism within the parent material, while photoheterotrophy and anoxygenic photoautotrophy were prevalent in the potting soil. These results show that marginal incipient basaltic soil has the ability to support native plant species growth, and non-linear associations may exist between plant-marginal soil-microbial interactions.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial Community Changes in a Field Treatment with Chlorotoluron, Flufenacet and Diflufenican and Two Organic Amendments

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1166
Author(s):  
María José Carpio ◽  
Carlos García-Delgado ◽  
Jesús María Marín-Benito ◽  
María Jesús Sánchez-Martín ◽  
María Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Unamended Soil ◽  
Over Time

The soil microbial activity, biomass and structure were evaluated in an unamended (S) and organically amended soil treated with two commercial formulations of the herbicides chlorotoluron (Erturon®) and flufenacet plus diflufenican (Herold®) under field conditions. Soils were amended with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) or green compost (GC). Soil microbial dehydrogenase activity (DHA), biomass and structure determined by the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles were recorded at 0, 45, 145, 229 and 339 days after herbicide treatment. The soil DHA values steadily decreased over time in the unamended soil treated with the herbicides, while microbial activity was constant in the amended soils. The amended soils recorded higher values of concentrations of PLFAs. Total soil microbial biomass decreased over time regardless of the organic amendment or the herbicide. Herbicide application sharply decreased the microbial population, with a significant modification of the microbial structure in the unamended soil. In contrast, no significant differences in microbial biomass and structure were detected in S + SMS and S + GC, untreated or treated with herbicides. The application of SMS and GC led to a significant shift in the soil microbial community regardless of the herbicides. The use of SMS and GC as organic amendments had a certain buffer effect on soil DHA and microbial biomass and structure after herbicide application due to the higher adsorption capacity of herbicides by the amended soils.

scholarly journals Biochar and compost effects on soil microbial communities and nitrogen induced respiration in turfgrass soils

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242209
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Lauren Hale ◽  
Jonathan Montgomery ◽  
David Crowley ◽  
Milton E. McGiffen
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Compost Amendment ◽  
Microbial Community Structures

We examined the effect of a labile soil amendment, compost, and recalcitrant biochar on soil microbial community structure, diversity, and activity during turfgrass establishment. Two application rates of biochar (B1 at 12.5 t ha-1and B2 at 25 t ha-1), a 5 centimeter (cm) green waste compost treatment (CM) in top soil, a treatment with 12.5 t ha-1 biochar and 5 cm compost (B1+CM), and an unamended control (CK) treatment were prepared and seeded with tall fescue. Overall, results of phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) profiling and Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes amplified from soil DNA revealed significant shifts in microbial community structures in the compost amended soils whereas in biochar amended soils communities were more similar to the control, unamended soil. Similarly, increases in enzymatic rates (6–56%) and nitrogen-induced respiration (94%) were all largest in compost amended soils, with biochar amended soils exhibiting similar patterns to the control soils. Both biochar and compost amendments impacted microbial community structures and functions, but compost amendment, whether applied alone or co-applied with biochar, exhibited the strongest shifts in the microbial community metrics examined. Our results suggest application of compost to soils in need of microbiome change (reclamation projects) or biochar when the microbiome is functioning and long-term goals such as carbon sequestration are more desirable.

scholarly journals Microbial community diversity in the soil of Barrientos Island estimated by RAPD and Biolog Ecoplate methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Learn-Han Lee ◽  
Vengadesh Letchumanan ◽  
Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib ◽  
Yoke Kqueen Cheah
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Microbial Community Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Biolog Ecoplate

The diversity of soil microbial communities at Barrientos Island with  differents soil characteristics were evaluated using PCR-based method random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and community level physiological profiles (CLPP) of Biolog Ecoplate. The soils were selected from 17 different locations around Barrientos Island inhabited by different breeders. Shannon-Weaver index and multivariate analysis were performed to characterize variations of soil microbial communities. Both RAPD and CLPP methods exhibited that most soils with different type of rookery and characteristics could possibly affect the DNA sequence diversity and soil microbial diversity. The abandoned type of rookery had the highest Shannon-Weaver index as exhibited by soil sample 445 (3.4 for RAPD) and 450 (3.09 for CLPP). Higher coefficients of DNA sequence similarity were found in soil samples colonized by similar breeders, like soil 442 and 446 (both were active Chinstrap rookery) shared highest similarity in DNA sequences (73.53). The cluster analysis of RAPD profiles by UPGMA and principle component analysis (PCA) of Biolog Ecoplate exhibited similar influence of type of rookery and soil condition towards soil microbial community diversity. The results may suggest that the change in microbial community DNA composition is accompanied with the change in microbial functional properties.

Acetaminophen Concentrations Found in Recycled Wastewater alter Soil Microbial Community Structure and Functional Diversity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan K. McLain ◽  
Melissa Y. Gomez ◽  
Emma W. Gachomo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Biolog Ecoplate

Abstract The practice of using recycled wastewater (RWW) (aka reclaimed water) has been adopted to address the growing demand for clean water and has been largely successful. However, chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) including pharmaceutical products such as acetaminophen (APAP) remain in the water even after additional cleaning. When recycled waste water is used to irrigate crops or landscapes these chemicals can then enter these and adjacent environments. APAP is one such contaminant and has the potential to disrupt the soil microbiome associated with agricultural crops. We evaluated this possibility using a greenhouse study to mimic agricultural field conditions, and applied treatments of APAP concentrations found within the ranges observed for RWW effluents. Using Illumina sequencing based approaches we observed that APAP was able to cause shifts in the microbial community and positively select for bacteria that are capable of metabolizing the breakdown products of APAP such as glycosides and carboxylic acids. Community-level physiological profiles of carbon metabolism were evaluated using Biolog EcoPlate as a proxy for community functions. The biolog plates indicated that the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, phenolics, and polymers was significantly higher in the presence of APAP. Together our observations indicate that the soil microbial community and functions were altered by APAP and demonstrates the need to change current RWW policies to address the presence of these chemicals.

Relationships between Arabidopsis genotype-specific biomass accumulation and associated soil microbial communities

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akifumi Sugiyama ◽  
Matthew G. Bakker ◽  
Dayakar V. Badri ◽  
Daniel K. Manter ◽  
Jorge M. Vivanco
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
454 Sequencing ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial

Rhizosphere microbial communities are impacted by resident plant species and have reciprocal effects on their host plants. We collected resident soil from five wild populations of Arabidopsis in the United States and Europe in an effort to characterize the impacts of natural soil microbiomes on Arabidopsis growth performance. The microbial communities present in these soils showed differences in community structure as assessed by 454 sequencing and in metabolic activity. While pathogens associated with the Brassica family were rare, diverse genera of potential plant growth promoting rhizobacteria were detected. Seed corresponding to the five Arabidopsis genotypes was grown in resident and nonresident soils to determine relationships among plant growth performance and soil microbial community and edaphic characteristics. Arabidopsis genotypes demonstrated different patterns of relationship between biomass accumulation and microbial community characteristics. This work sheds light on the bacterial populations naturally associated with Arabidopsis and suggests implications of the rhizosphere microbiome for plant growth performance.

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