scholarly journals Chemical Constituents and Antidepressant-Like Effects in Ovariectomized Mice of the Ethanol Extract of Alternanthera philoxeroides

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charinya Khamphukdee ◽  
Orawan Monthakantirat ◽  
Yaowared Chulikhit ◽  
Suradet Buttachon ◽  
Michael Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Propenoic Acid

The previously unreported flavone glycoside, demethyltorosaflavone B (2) and the E-propenoic acid substituted flavone, torosaflavone E (3a), were isolated together with nine previously reported metabolites, including indole-3-carbaldehyde, oleanonic acid, vanillic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, altheranthin (1a), alternanthin B (1b), demethyltorosaflavone D (3b), luteolin 8-C-E-propenoic acid (4) and chrysoeriol 7-O-rhamnoside (5), from the ethanol extract of the aerial part of Althernanthera philoxeroides. The crude ethanol extract was evaluated for its in vitro estrogenic activity in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The crude ethanol extract was also investigated in vivo for its antidepressant-like effects on ovariectomized mice using tail suspension and forced swimming tests, while its effect on the locomotor activity was evaluated by a Y-maze test. The effect of the crude extract on the serum corticosterone level, size and volume of uterus of the ovariectomized mice were also investigated. The expression of the mouse cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and β-actin mRNAs in hippocampus and frontal cortex was also evaluated, using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The crude extract and the isolated compounds 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b and 5, were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on monoamine oxidases (MAOs)-A and -B.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Identification of Organic Compounds from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (Zhiheshouwu) by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3977
Author(s):  
Shaoyun Wang ◽  
Xiaozhu Sun ◽  
Shuo An ◽  
Fang Sang ◽  
Yunli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Polygonum Multiflorum ◽  
Q Exactive ◽  
Orbitrap Ms

Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), as the processed product of tuberous roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines, with a long history. However, in recent years, liver adverse reactions linked to PMRP have been frequently reported. Our work attempted to investigate the chemical constituents of PMRP for clinical research and safe medication. In this study, an effective and rapid method was established to separate and characterize the constituents in PMRP by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). Based on the accurate mass measurements for molecular and characteristic fragment ions, a total of 103 compounds, including 24 anthraquinones, 21 stilbenes, 15 phenolic acids, 14 flavones, and 29 other compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Forty-eight compounds were tentatively characterized from PMRP for the first time, and their fragmentation behaviors were summarized. There were 101 components in PMRP ethanol extract (PMRPE) and 91 components in PMRP water extract (PMRPW). Simultaneously, the peak areas of several potential xenobiotic components were compared in the detection, which showed that PMRPE has a higher content of anthraquinones and stilbenes. The obtained results can be used in pharmacological and toxicological research and provided useful information for further in vitro and in vivo studies.

Chemical Constituents of Pedicularis densispica Franch

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Biao Chu ◽  
Guang Zhi Zeng ◽  
Mei Ju Zhu ◽  
Wen Jun He ◽  
Yu Mei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Pai 1

An ethanol extract of the dried aerial of Pedicularis densispica Franch (Scrophulariaceae) afforded a new lignan, densispicoside (1), and two new iridoids, densispicnin C and D (14, 15), together with four lignans, (+)-isolarisiresinol 3a-O-β -D-glucopyranoside (2), (-)-pinoresinol-β - D-glucopyranoside (3), syringaresinol mono-β -D-glucopyranoside (4), longifloroside B (5), eight phenylpropanoids, 4-O-β -D-glucopyranosyl-sinapic acid methyl ester (6), 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 1,2,3-propantriol (7), citrusin C (8), robustaside B (9), verbascoside (10), martynoside (11), 2ʺ-O-acetylverbascoside (12), cis-martynoside (13), and two iridoid glycosides, shanzhiside methyl ester (16), and 8-epiloganin (17). Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic studies. Bioactivity results indicate that P. densispica shows activity on PAI-1 antithrombus assay in vitro and antifatigue activities in vivo.

Antidiarrheal Activity of Ethanol Extract of Ophioglossum Vulgatum In Mice And Spasmolytic Effect on Smooth Muscle Contraction of Isolated Jejunum In Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwu Zhang ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Yingying Fang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Chunxia Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

Abstract BackgroundOphioglossum vulgatum Linn. (Ophioglossaceae) (OV), which is traditionally used on wounds and burns, enjoys a reputation as the king of medicine in Taiwan. There are few studies on its role in gastrointestinal diseases. Our aim was to assess the antidiarrheal and spasmolytic effect of the ethanol whole plant extract of Ophioglossum vulgatum (EWOV).MethodsStudy was conducted from June 2018 to July 2019. The chemical constituents of EWOV were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vivo, the antidiarrheal activity of EWOV (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg; orally) in castor oil-induced Kun Ming mice was evaluated. In vitro, the effect of EWOV (0.01-10 mg/mL) on the spontaneous contraction of isolated rabbit jejunum smooth muscle was studied. Verapamil was the positive control group in both vivo and vitro studies. The jejunum stripes were pre-contracted by ACh (10-5 M) and KCl (60 mM) which could induce the jejunum spasm. The possible spasmolytic effect was analyzed in the pretreatment of the jejunum preparations with EWOV (0.3, 1 mg/mL) or verapamil (0.03, 0.1 µM) in Ca2+-free and high-K+ (60 mM) solution containing EDTA.ResultsEWOV (250 and 500 mg/kg) exhibited antidiarrheal effect. EWOV (0.01-10 mg/mL) inhibited the spontaneous and ACh/KCl-induced contraction with an EC50 value of 1.46 (0.89-2.04), 1.06 (0.63-1.48) and 0.48 (0.29-0.67), and it shifted the concentration-response curves of CaCl2 to right with decreased in max, similar to verapamil. ConclusionsEWOV has significant antidiarrheal and spasmolytic effect, possibly by mediating calcium channel blocking activity, this provides the pharmacological basis for use in gastrointestinal disorders.

Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roohi Mohi-ud-din ◽  
Reyaz Hassan Mir ◽  
Prince Ahad Mir ◽  
Saeema Farooq ◽  
Syed Naiem Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Background: Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations. Objective: The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Genus Berberis species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis. Conclusion: A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory both in vitro & in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.

scholarly journals Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. Ethanol Extract Has Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting the IRAK1/AP-1 Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2529
Author(s):  
Haeyeop Kim ◽  
Woo Seok Yang ◽  
Khin Myo Htwe ◽  
Mi-Nam Lee ◽  
Young-Dong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. has been used traditionally as a remedy for many diseases, especially inflammation. Therefore, we analyzed and explored the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of a Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. ethanol extract (Dt-EE). Dt-EE clearly and dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Also, Dt-EE suppressed the activation of the MyD88/TRIF-mediated AP-1 pathway and the AP-1 pathway related proteins JNK2, MKK4/7, and TAK1, which occurred as a result of inhibiting the kinase activity of IRAK1 and IRAK4, the most upstream factors of the AP-1 pathway. Finally, Dt-EE displayed hepatoprotective activity in a mouse model of hepatitis induced with LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) through decreasing the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and suppressing the activation of JNK and IRAK1. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that Dt-EE could be a candidate anti-inflammatory herbal medicine with IRAK1/AP-1 inhibitory and hepatoprotective properties.

scholarly journals The Genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae): A Review of Its Diversity, Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva ◽  
Davlat Kh. Akramov ◽  
Ludger A. Wessjohann ◽  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Chunlin Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Future Research ◽  
South Central ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Central South

The genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae) is native to Central, South-Central, and Eastern Asia. It comprises 44 species, which have been commonly used as herbal medicines for the treatments of various ailments for thousands of years, especially in Asian countries. This review aims to summarize the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of species from the genus Lagochilus to unveil opportunities for future research. In addition, we provide some information about their traditional uses, botany, and diversity. More than 150 secondary metabolites have been reported from Lagochilus, including diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, iridoid glycosides, lignans, steroids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, volatile, non-volatile and aromatic compounds, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and other secondary metabolites. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies on the crude extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from Lagochilus species showed hemostatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, cytotoxic, enzyme inhibitory, antispasmodic, hypotensive, sedative, psychoactive, and other activities.

Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Genus Pedicularis Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 1071-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Xing Li ◽  
Xi-Rui He ◽  
Rui Tao ◽  
Xinyuan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides

In the present review, the literature data on the chemical constituents and biological investigations of the genus Pedicularis are summarized. Some species of Pedicularis have been widely applied in traditional Chinese medicine. A wide range of chemical components including iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides (PhGs), lignans glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and other compounds have been isolated and identified from the genus Pedicularis. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated some monomer compounds and extracts from the genus Pedicularis have been found to possess antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidative, antihaemolysis, antibacterial activity, fatigue relief of skeletal muscle, nootropic effect and other activities.

scholarly journals Trichilones A–E: New Limonoids from Trichilia adolfi

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3070
Author(s):  
Mariela Gonzalez-Ramirez ◽  
Ivan Limachi ◽  
Sophie Manner ◽  
Juan C. Ticona ◽  
Efrain Salamanca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
High Field ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Murine Macrophage ◽  
New Metabolites

In addition to the trichilianones A–D recently reported from Trichilia adolfi, a continuing investigation of the chemical constituents of the ethanol extract of the bark of this medicinal plant yielded the five new limonoids 1–5. They are characterized by having four fused rings and are new examples of prieurianin-type limonoids, having a ε-lactone which in 4 and 5 is α, β- unsaturated. The structures of the isolated metabolites were determined by high field NMR spectroscopy and HR mass spectrometry. The new metabolites were shown to have the ε-lactone fused with a tetrahydrofuran ring which is connected to an oxidized hexane ring joined with a cyclo-pentanone having a 3-furanyl substituent. As the crude extract possesses antileishmanial activity, the compounds were assayed for cytotoxic and antiparasitic activities in vitro in murine macrophage cells (raw 264.7 cells) and in Leishmania amazoniensis as well as L. braziliensis promastigotes. Metabolites 1–3 and 5 showed moderate cytotoxicity (between 30–94 µg/mL) but are not responsible for the antileishmanial effect of the extract.

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