scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO-SiO2 Composite Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch as a Potential Silica Source

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Fida’i Rahmat ◽  
Yap Wing Fen ◽  
Muhammad Fahmi Anuar ◽  
Nur Alia Sheh Omar ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Optical Materials ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silica Source ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

In this paper, the structural and optical properties of ZnO-SiO2-based ceramics fabricated from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) were investigated. The OPEFB waste was burned at 600, 700 and 800 °C to form palm ash and was then treated with sulfuric acid to extract silica from the ash. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the existence of SiO2 in the sample. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed that the particles displayed an irregular shape and became finer after leaching. Then, the solid-state method was used to produce the ZnO-SiO2 composite and the samples were sintered at 600, 800, 1000, 1200 and 1400 °C. The XRD peaks of the Zn2SiO4 showed high intensity, which indicated high crystallinity of the composite. FESEM images proved that the grain boundaries were larger as the temperature increased. Upon obtaining the absorbance spectrum from ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the energy band gaps obtained were 3.192, 3.202 and 3.214 eV at room temperature, 600 and 800 °C, respectively, and decreased to 3.127, 2.854 and 2.609 eV at 1000, 1200 and 1400 °C, respectively. OPEFB shows high potential as a silica source in producing promising optical materials.

Rapid Synthesis and Characterization of CuInS2 Prepared Using Microwave-Assisted Heating

2015 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Ming Kwen Tsai ◽  
Yueh Chien Lee ◽  
Chia Chih Huang ◽  
Sheng Yao Hu ◽  
Kwong Kau Tiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Rapid Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Calcination Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, the CuInS2 nanoparticles are successfully synthesized by microwave-assisted heating technique and further calcined at 400 °C. The morphological, structural, and optical properties of the synthesized CuInS2 nanoparticles are investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, and transmittance measurement, respectively. The SEM image shows the clear particle shape of the calcined CuInS2 nanoparticles. After calcination treatment, the fundamental (112) peak of the XRD spectrum and a broad Raman peak mixed with chalcopyrite and CuAu structures support the improved crystallinity of the calcined CuInS2 nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Making and Characterization of Limnpo4 Using Solid State Reaction Method for Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes

2019 ◽  
pp. 583-588
Author(s):  
Adelyna Oktavia ◽  
Kurnia Sembiring ◽  
Slamet Priyono
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
General Investigation

Hospho-material of olivine, LiMnPO4 identified as promising for cathode material generation next Lithium-ion battery and has been successfully synthesized by solid-state method with Li2Co3, 2MnO2, 2NH4H2PO4 as raw material. The influence of initial concentration of precursors at kalsinasi temperatures (400-800 ° C) flows with nitrogen. The purity and composition phase verified by x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), spectroscopy, energy Dispersive x-ray Analysis (EDS), Raman spectra. General investigation shows that there is a correlation between the concentration of precursors, the temperature and the temperature of sintering kalsinasi that can be exploited to design lithium-ion next generation.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Bis-aldehyde Monomers and Their Electrically Conductive Pristine Polyazomethines

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hafeez ◽  
Zareen Akhter ◽  
John F. Gallagher ◽  
Nawazish Ali Khan ◽  
Asghari Gul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir

Bis-aldehyde monomers 4-(4′-formyl-phenoxy)benzaldehyde (3a), 3-methoxy-4-(4′-formyl-phenoxy)benzaldehyde (3b), and 3-ethoxy-4-(4′-formyl-phenoxy)benzaldehyde (3c) were synthesized by etherification of 4-fluorobenzaldehyde (1) with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2a), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2b), and 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2c), respectively. Each monomer was polymerized with p-phenylenediamine and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether to yield six poly(azomethine)s. Single crystal X-ray diffraction structures of 3b and 3c were determined. The structural characterization of the monomers and poly(azomethine)s was performed by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Physicochemical properties of polymers were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), viscometry, UV–vis, spectroscopy and photoluminescence. These polymers were subjected to electrical conductivity measurements by the four-probe method, and their conductivities were found to be in the range 4.0 × 10−5 to 6.4 × 10−5 Scm−1, which was significantly higher than the values reported so far.

Synthesis and Characterization of 3Y-TZP by Gel Solid-State Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Xiao Bo Wu ◽  
Da Zhi Sun ◽  
Dan Yu Jiang ◽  
Hai Fang Xu ◽  
De Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
State Method ◽  
Average Size

3Y-TZP powder has been successfully synthesized by gel solid-state method. The structural phases of powder particles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The average size of grains was 230 nm. The sintering behavior, mechanical properties and microstructure of 3Y-TZP ceramics sintered by this powder were investigated. The experiment results showed that the mechanical properties of ceramics were excellent.

scholarly journals Growth and Characterization of BxGa1−xN on 6H-SiC (0001) by Movpe

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Wei ◽  
Z. Y. Xie ◽  
J. H. Edgar ◽  
K. C. Zeng ◽  
J. Y. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Band Edge Emission ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Edge Emission ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Phases

Boron was incorporated into GaN in order to determine its limits of solubility, its ability of reducing the lattice constant mismatch with 6H-SiC, as well as its effects on the structural and optical properties of GaN epilayers. BxGa1−xN films were deposited on 6H-SiC (0001) substrates at 950 °C by low pressure MOVPE using diborane, trimethylgallium, and ammonia as precursors. A single phase alloy with x=0.015 was successfully produced at a gas reactant B/Ga ratio of 0.005. Phase separation into pure GaN and BxGa1−xN alloy with x=0.30 was deposited for a B/Ga reactant ratio of 0.01. This is the highest B fraction of the wurtzite structure alloy ever reported. For B/Ga ratio ≥ 0.02, no BxGa1−xN was formed, and the solid solution contained two phases: wurtzite GaN and BN based on the results of Auger and x-ray diffraction. The band edge emission of BxGa1−xN varied from 3.451 eV for x=0 with FWHM of 39.2 meV to 3.465 eV for x=0.015 with FWHM of 35.1 meV. The narrower FWHM indicated that the quality of GaN epilayer was improved with small amount of boron incorporation.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Parameters on Bio-Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Citrus Medica Linn (Lemon) Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Sharmila Pradhan ◽  
Rajeswori Shrestha ◽  
Khuma Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Bio Synthesis

This research is focused on bio-synthesis of Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using lemon extract to study the effect of various parameters on synthesis and to explore antibacterial activity. The biomolecules present in lemon extract act as self reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis of CuNPs was found to be affected by various parameters like volume of the lemon extract, concentration of the precursor and the temperature etc. Preliminary characterization of formation of nanoparticles were done by color change and UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. Elemental composition of the prepared sample was determined via Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy. Presence of important functional groups associated with biomolecules is well characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM ) revealed the formation agglomerated CuNPs of different shape and sizes and the X-ray diffraction pattern showed the formation of purely crystalline nature of CuNPs. Finally, agar well diffusion method showed that CuNPs have potential antibacterial activity against Gram-ve bacteria compared to Gram +ve bacteria.

Growth and Characterization of BxGal-xN on 6H-SiC (0001) by MOVPE

1998 ◽  
Vol 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Wei ◽  
Z. Y. Xie ◽  
J. H. Edgar ◽  
K. C. Zeng ◽  
J. Y. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Band Edge Emission ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Edge Emission ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Phases

AbstractBoron was incorporated into GaN in order to determine its limits of solubility, its ability of reducing the lattice constant mismatch with 6H-SiC, as well as its effects on the structural and optical properties of GaN epilayers. BxGal-xN films were deposited on 6H-SiC (0001) substrates at 950 °C by low pressure MOVPE using diborane, trimethylgallium, and ammonia as precursors. A single phase alloy with x=0.015 was successfully produced at a gas reactant B/Ga ratio of 0.005. Phase separation into pure GaN and BxGal-xN alloy with x=0.30 was deposited for a B/Ga reactant ratio of 0.01. This is the highest B fraction of the wurtzite structure alloy ever reported. For B/Ga ratio ≥ 0.02, no BxGal-xN was formed, and the solid solution contained two phases: wurtzite GaN and BN based on the results of Auger and x-ray diffraction. The band edge emission of BxGal-xN varied from 3.451 eV for x=0 with FWHM of 39.2 meV to 3.465 eV for x=0.015 with FWHM of 35.1 meV. The narrower FWHM indicated that the quality of GaN epilayer was improved with small amount of boron incorporation.

scholarly journals Studies on the growth and characterization of L-cysteine hydrogen fluoride single crystal

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-309
Author(s):  
Azeezaa Varsha Mohammed ◽  
Suresh Sagadevan
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Hydrogen Fluoride ◽  
Grown Crystal ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir

AbstractL-cysteine hydrogen fluoride (LCHF) single crystals were grown from aqueous solution. Single crystal X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, UV-Vis-NIR, and TG-DTA were used to test the grown crystals. The specimen dielectric and mechanical behaviors were also studied. Powder X-ray diffraction of the grown crystal was recorded and indexed. The optical properties of the LCHF crystal were determined using UV-Vis spectroscopy. It was found that the optical band gap of LCHF was 4.8 eV. The crystal functional groups were identified using FT-IR. Second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the LCHF was three times higher than that of KDP. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and AC conductivity were measured at different frequencies and temperatures.

Characterization of BaM and PaNi-Based Radar Absorbency (RAM) Behavior with Multilayer Geometry Structure for X-Band Absorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Zainuri ◽  
Dina Andryani
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Loss ◽  
Soft Magnetic Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Band ◽  
Band Absorption ◽  
Radar Wave

Behavioral characterization of radar absorbent material consisting of Polyaniline (PaNi) and Barium M-Hexaferrite (BaM) has been successfully synthesized by solid state method. Polyaniline conductive material was synthesized using the polymerization method with DBSA dopant. A Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) is characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Four Point Probe (FPP), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The ion Zn 2+ is dopping into the BAM structure, where Zn 2+ ions replace Fe2+ ions in Hexaferrite barium so that the phase becomes soft magnetic materials . RAM and PANi particles are combined with ship paint to form radar wave absorbent coatings. The layer is coated with multilayer geometry on AH 36 type A steel, with thicknesses of 2.4 mm, 3.6 mm, 4.8 mm and 6 mm respectively. The X-band wave absorption was identified by VNA testing, where the maximum reflection loss value was found at 6mm thickness with a reflection loss value - 32.6 dB at 8.4 GHz frequency. Reflection loss values of multilayer variations with a thickness of 2.4 mm, 3.6mm and 4.8mm each have reflection loss values of -8.02 dB, -19.13 dB and -28.9 dB respectively in the x band frequency range.

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