Characterization of BaM and PaNi-Based Radar Absorbency (RAM) Behavior with Multilayer Geometry Structure for X-Band Absorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 966 ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Zainuri ◽  
Dina Andryani
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Loss ◽  
Soft Magnetic Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Band ◽  
Band Absorption ◽  
Radar Wave

Behavioral characterization of radar absorbent material consisting of Polyaniline (PaNi) and Barium M-Hexaferrite (BaM) has been successfully synthesized by solid state method. Polyaniline conductive material was synthesized using the polymerization method with DBSA dopant. A Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) is characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Four Point Probe (FPP), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The ion Zn 2+ is dopping into the BAM structure, where Zn 2+ ions replace Fe2+ ions in Hexaferrite barium so that the phase becomes soft magnetic materials . RAM and PANi particles are combined with ship paint to form radar wave absorbent coatings. The layer is coated with multilayer geometry on AH 36 type A steel, with thicknesses of 2.4 mm, 3.6 mm, 4.8 mm and 6 mm respectively. The X-band wave absorption was identified by VNA testing, where the maximum reflection loss value was found at 6mm thickness with a reflection loss value - 32.6 dB at 8.4 GHz frequency. Reflection loss values of multilayer variations with a thickness of 2.4 mm, 3.6mm and 4.8mm each have reflection loss values of -8.02 dB, -19.13 dB and -28.9 dB respectively in the x band frequency range.

scholarly journals Making and Characterization of Limnpo4 Using Solid State Reaction Method for Lithium Ion Battery Cathodes

2019 ◽  
pp. 583-588
Author(s):  
Adelyna Oktavia ◽  
Kurnia Sembiring ◽  
Slamet Priyono
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
General Investigation

Hospho-material of olivine, LiMnPO4 identified as promising for cathode material generation next Lithium-ion battery and has been successfully synthesized by solid-state method with Li2Co3, 2MnO2, 2NH4H2PO4 as raw material. The influence of initial concentration of precursors at kalsinasi temperatures (400-800 ° C) flows with nitrogen. The purity and composition phase verified by x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), spectroscopy, energy Dispersive x-ray Analysis (EDS), Raman spectra. General investigation shows that there is a correlation between the concentration of precursors, the temperature and the temperature of sintering kalsinasi that can be exploited to design lithium-ion next generation.

Synthesis and Characterization of 3Y-TZP by Gel Solid-State Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Xiao Bo Wu ◽  
Da Zhi Sun ◽  
Dan Yu Jiang ◽  
Hai Fang Xu ◽  
De Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
State Method ◽  
Average Size

3Y-TZP powder has been successfully synthesized by gel solid-state method. The structural phases of powder particles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and the morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The average size of grains was 230 nm. The sintering behavior, mechanical properties and microstructure of 3Y-TZP ceramics sintered by this powder were investigated. The experiment results showed that the mechanical properties of ceramics were excellent.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic characterization of microwave sintered Sr1-xCaxMnO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) thick films

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rani Pawar ◽  
Ninad Velhal ◽  
Vijaya Puri
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Absorption Loss ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Band ◽  
Electromagnetic Characteristics ◽  
Ku Band

Electromagnetic characteristics of microwave sintered strontium calcium manganites thick film with variation in calcium content have been investigated. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals tetragonal perovskite structure for all the compositions. The grain size increases with the increase in calcium content. The microwave absorption, complex permittivity, permeability and conductivity are reported in the frequency range of 8.2-18 GHz. The absorption loss is larger in Ku band while insertion loss is larger in X band. The permittivity, permeability and microwave conductivity decreases from X-band to Ku-band. The almost identical values of real part of permittivity and permeability indicate possible application as materials for impedance matching.

Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium Diboride Additions of Bi-2223 on the Microstructure and Superconducting Transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlina Binti Ali ◽  
Abdul Halim Shaari ◽  
Soo Kien Chen ◽  
Julie Juliewatty Mohamed ◽  
Nurul’ain Mohd Kamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Magnesium Diboride ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
Metallic Behavior ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
State Method

In this paper, solid state method was using to synthesize the of magnesium diboride (MgB2) added in Bi 1.6Pb 0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3Oδ(Bi-2223) superconductor from 0.00 to 0.10 wt.%. The effect on additions were investigated through X-ray Diffraction (XRD), resistance-temperature (R-T) measurement and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). From the XRD result, volume fraction of Bi-2223 showed the highest volume percentage was 76 % correspond to addition with MgB2=0.02 wt.% and slightly decreased the percentage while increased the additions. From the R-T measurement, all samples showed the metallic behavior in the normal state. Morphology images showed that the grains were flaky plates and the size slightly increased. These results revealed that, additions of magnesium diboride change the microstructure and decrease the superconducting transition.

Preparation and Characteristic Development of Nano Zn2SiO4: Mn Green Phosphors by La2O3 Doping

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1520-1523
Author(s):  
Fann Wei Yang ◽  
Chien Min Cheng ◽  
Kai Huang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Main Principle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
State Method ◽  
Sintering Conditions

In this experimental, solid state method is used to synthesize proportioned nano-ZnO and SiO2 powders into Zn2SiO4 phosphor, and to achieve better control on grain size and grain shape than traditional powder. La is used to replace Mn; and to achieve better control on grain size and grain shape than traditional powder. With different sintering conditions, With different sintering conditions, the effect of the luminescent intensity due to sintering temperature and the concentration of activator would be discussed by the X-Ray Diffraction, SEM and TEM were utilized in the characterization of phase purity and microstructure of phosphor particles. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy was utilized to characterize the optical properties. This use of phosphor materials is the application of the main light source, display components. Therefore, our study zinc silicate as the main principle of doping Mn, La of the characteristics of, expects to find the best glow.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO-SiO2 Composite Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch as a Potential Silica Source

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Fida’i Rahmat ◽  
Yap Wing Fen ◽  
Muhammad Fahmi Anuar ◽  
Nur Alia Sheh Omar ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Optical Materials ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silica Source ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

In this paper, the structural and optical properties of ZnO-SiO2-based ceramics fabricated from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) were investigated. The OPEFB waste was burned at 600, 700 and 800 °C to form palm ash and was then treated with sulfuric acid to extract silica from the ash. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the existence of SiO2 in the sample. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed that the particles displayed an irregular shape and became finer after leaching. Then, the solid-state method was used to produce the ZnO-SiO2 composite and the samples were sintered at 600, 800, 1000, 1200 and 1400 °C. The XRD peaks of the Zn2SiO4 showed high intensity, which indicated high crystallinity of the composite. FESEM images proved that the grain boundaries were larger as the temperature increased. Upon obtaining the absorbance spectrum from ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the energy band gaps obtained were 3.192, 3.202 and 3.214 eV at room temperature, 600 and 800 °C, respectively, and decreased to 3.127, 2.854 and 2.609 eV at 1000, 1200 and 1400 °C, respectively. OPEFB shows high potential as a silica source in producing promising optical materials.

How Fe60Co40 and Fe72Al28 Nano-Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying Behave when Exposed to Microwaves

2008 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 977-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhela Otmane ◽  
S. Bergheul ◽  
Z. Hamlati ◽  
M. Azzaz
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Reflection Loss ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
X Band ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Fe60Co40 and Fe72Al28 nano-alloys were synthesized from elemental powders via highenergy mechanical alloying. The prepared samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-band waveguide to measure the reflection loss in a frequency range of 9-10 GHz. The XRD patterns show that disordered Fe60Co40 solid solution with a bodycentred cubic structure is formed for milling times longer than 12 h, and after 4h milling, the solid solution Fe72Al28 has been largely formed. Morphological studies indicate an average grain size of 10 to 15 nm. The microwave- absorbing characteristic reveal good performance for Fe60Co40 compared to Fe72Al28, the maximum reflection loss is about -12 dB for the absorber.

Synthesis and Characterization of Electrical Properties of Bismuth Titanate

2012 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
M.L. Yuen ◽  
Y.P. Tan ◽  
K.B. Tan ◽  
Y.H. Taufiq-Yap
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Bismuth Titanate ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conventional Solid State Method ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy Technique

Bismuth titanate solid solutions, Bi12+xTiO10+δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6), were synthesized by conventional solid state method at sintering temperature of 700°C for 48 h. Structural studies were performed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and revealed that single-phase materials were obtained with a general formula of Bi12+xTiO10+δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6). The electrical properties of all the single-phase samples were studied using the impedance spectroscopy technique. Further characterization of the materials was carried out using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and indicated that no phase transition was observed. The TGA analysis was observed and found that all the materials were thermally stable.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

High Resolution Replication of Organoclay Surfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
W. W. Barker ◽  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
V. J. Hurst ◽  
W. J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Silicate Layers ◽  
Mineral Identification

Experimental clay mineral-organic molecule complexes long have been known and some of them have been extensively studied by X-ray diffraction methods. The organic molecules are adsorbed onto the surfaces of the clay minerals, or intercalated between the silicate layers. Natural organo-clays also are widely recognized but generally have not been well characterized. Widely used techniques for clay mineral identification involve treatment of the sample with H2 O2 or other oxidant to destroy any associated organics. This generally simplifies and intensifies the XRD pattern of the clay residue, but helps little with the characterization of the original organoclay. Adequate techniques for the direct observation of synthetic and naturally occurring organoclays are yet to be developed.

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