scholarly journals Biosynthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Using Albizia lebbeck Extract Induced Biochemical and Morphological Alterations in Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3864
Author(s):  
Doga Kavaz ◽  
Amina Lawan Abubakar ◽  
Nahit Rizaner ◽  
Huzaifa Umar
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Tissue Morphology

Nano-based particles synthesized via green routes have a particular structure that is useful in biomedical applications as they provide cheap, eco-friendly, and non-toxic nanoparticles. In the present study, we reported the effect of various concentrations of Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using A. lebbeck stem bark extract (ZnO NPsAL) as stabilizing agent on rat biochemical profiles and tissue morphology. Adult Wistar rats weighing 170 ± 5 g were randomly classified into eight groups of five rats each; Group A served as a control fed with normal diet and water. Groups B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2, and E were treated with 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg of the 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 M biosynthesized ZnO NPsAL and zinc nitrate daily by the gavage method, respectively. The rats were anesthetized 24 h after the last treatment, blood samples, kidney, heart, and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The rats mean body weight, serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, urea, bilirubin, protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and high-density lipoprotein were significantly altered with an increased concentration of biosynthesized ZnO NPsAL when compared with the control group (p < 0.05; n ≥ 5). Furthermore, histopathological analysis of treated rats’ kidney, heart, and liver tissue revealed vascular congestion, tubular necrosis, inflammation, and cytoplasmic vacuolation. Biosynthesized ZnO NPsAL showed significant alteration in biochemical parameters and tissue morphology in rats with increasing concentrations of the nanoparticles.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY OF THE HYDRO-METHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF BURKEA AFRICANA IN ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terhemen Festus Swem ◽  
Patrick Emeka Aba ◽  
Samuel Chukwuneke Udem ◽  
Victor Masekaven Ahur ◽  
Fidelis Aondover Gberindyer
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Somatic Index

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the sub-acute toxicity profile of hydro-methanol extract of Burkea africana  (BA) stem bark in rats. Methods: The stem bark of BA was extracted by cold maceration using 80% methanol. Twenty female albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group 1 (only distilled water). Groups 2-4 received the extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) orally, once daily for 28 days. The rats were observed for signs of toxicity and the bodyweight (b.wt) of rats taken weekly. Blood samples were collected on day 28 for hematology and serum chemistry. Visceral organs were harvested for organ-somatic index and histopathology. Results: There were no toxicity signs observed and no significant (p< 0.05) change in body weight but the pulmo-somatic index was significantly (p< 0.05) higher at 400 mg/kg compared with the control and other treated groups. Significant (p< 0.05) increase in PCV, RBC, and MCV and significant (p< 0.05) decrease in MCHC, Total WBC count, neutrophils and lymphocytes were observed. Also, there were significant (p< 0.05) decreases in ALT, total protein, globulin, total bilirubin of test groups when compared with the control group. Urea concentration of test groups significantly (p< 0.05) increased when compared with that of the control group. Conclusions: BA stem bark extract can be said to have no deleterious effect on erythrocyte, but rather serve to improve erythropoiesis and also has no overt toxic effect on the visceral organs. Also the extract may have immunosuppressive and oxidative tendencies on prolong use.                                   Peer Review History: Received 12 January 2021; Revised 3 February; Accepted 25 February, Available online 15 March 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Idoko Alexander, Caritas University, Enugu, Nigeria, [email protected] Taha A.I. El Bassossy,  Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt, [email protected]   Similar Articles: PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF RUSSELIA EQUISETIFORMIS AGAINST PARACETAMOL-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS EFFECTS OF RAW AND COOKED AQUEOUS AND METHANOL EXTRACTS OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (KIDNEY BEANS) ON RENAL FUNCTION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS EVALUATION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA STEM BARK ON BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS, SERUM AND TISSUE LIPIDS IN A PRECLINICAL MODEL

Hepatoprotective effects of Quassia amara stem bark against cadmium-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olawale O. Obembe ◽  
Taofeek O. Usman ◽  
Yinusa Raji
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Quassia Amara

Abstract Objectives The liver is one of the primary biorepositories of cadmium (Cd) and it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic diseases. Quassia amara stem bark has been reputed to have strong antimalarial, antimicrobial, antiulcerative and amoebicidal properties. This study aims to determine the effects of Q. amara on Cd-induced hepatotoxicity and lipid profile in male Wistar rats. Methods The animals were divided into three groups of five animals each. Group 1 served as control while group 2 received Cd (5 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Prior to Cd treatment, group 3 was treated with Q. amara extract (200 mg/kg) for 2 weeks and received the Q. amara and Cd simultaneously for 4 weeks. Results Cadmium caused significant increase in serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as well as increased hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) when compared with the control group. On the other hand, Cd caused a decrease in serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) when compared with control. However, treatment with Q. amara prevented Cd-induced changes in the lipid profile, augmented Cd-induced decline in SOD and also ameliorated the Cd-induced increase in MDA. Catalase level was however comparable across the groups. Conclusions Q. amara ameliorated the Cd-induced damage to liver by preventing dyslipidemia and oxidative damage in the hepatic tissue.

scholarly journals Comparative effects of ethanol leaf and stem bark extracts of Irvingia gabonensis (BUSH MANGO) on sodium arsenite-induced lipid profile perturbtions in wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efosa Godwin Ewere ◽  
Ngozi Paulinus Okolie ◽  
Erhunmwunsee Dalton Avan ◽  
Patience Edet Umoh
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

Abstract Background Exposure to arsenic orchestrates a myriad of noxious health effects, including cancer. Different parts of Irvingia gabonensis are used as herbal remedies in traditional medicine. In this study, the comparative effects of the ethanol leaf (ELEIG) and stem bark extracts (ESEIG) of Irvingia gabonensis on sodium arsenite (SA)-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats were investigated. Methods Fifty five Wistar rats weighing between 100 g and 179 g were distributed into eleven groups (n=5). Group 1 (control) received feed and water ad libitum. Group 2 received SA at a dose of 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) for 14 days. Groups 3–11 were treated with the extracts with or without SA. Treatment was done by oral intubation for 14 days. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), total lipids (TL) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were used to determine the lipid profile effects of the extracts. Results Exposure to SA caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control. Post-treatment and simultaneous treatment with ELEIG and ESEIG mitigated the effects of SA. In addition, ELEIG alone at various doses produced results comparable with control values. However, ESEIG alone caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control. Conclusion These results show that ELEIG and ESEIG ameliorate SA-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats. However, long-term administration of ESEIG alone may be discouraged.

scholarly journals Flaxseed, olive and fish oil influence plasmatic lipids, lymphocyte migration and morphometry of the intestinal of Wistar rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Diniz Rosa ◽  
Regiane Lopes de Sales ◽  
Luis Fernando de Sousa Moraes ◽  
Fabíola Cesário Lourenço ◽  
Clóvis Andrade Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soy Oil ◽  
Lymphocyte Migration

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effect of flaxseed, olive and fish oil on the lipid profile, preservation of villosities and lymphocyte migration in the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats. METHODS: Thirty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups, which received the AIN-93M diet, with changes only to their lipid source: flaxseed, olive, fish, and soy oil (control group). The serum was separated for the biochemical parameter analysis. A histological evaluation was performed in the ileal portion. RESULTS: The group which was fed fish oil presented lower values when compared to the other treatments for Total Cholesterol, High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol (p<0.05). The animals treated with fish and olive oils presented better intestinal villosities preservation. Less deposition of lymphocytes was observed in the flaxseed group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that flaxseed, olive and fish oils present different responses than soy oil for the intestinal mucosa preservation and lymphocyte proliferation in Wistar rats.

Particular Matter of Motor Vehicle Exposure and High-Fat Diet Effects on Kidney Histopathology, Creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Rizka Veni ◽  
Awal Prasetyo ◽  
Muflihatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Histopathological Change ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the effect of combination of motor vehicle particular matter exposure and high-fat diet in kidney histopathology, creatinine levels, and MDA levels in Wistar rats. This study used a posttest-only control group design. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The intervention groups received motor vehicle fume exposure for 100 s with normal diet (X1) or high-fat diet (X2), and the control group received no exposure (C). Data analysis was processed with a SPSS 25.0 computer program by using the one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc LSD. The degree of kidney histopathological damage showed significant differences between the X1 and X2 groups when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the creatinine level examination found a significant difference between the X2 and C groups (p < 0.05) and the treatment groups X1 and X2 (p < 0.05). The results of kidney MDA level examination showed a significant difference between the treatment groups (X1 and X2) and the control group (p < 0.05). The combination of particular matter of motor vehicle fumes exposure and high-fat diet could induce kidney damage through histopathological change and increased creatinine levels and kidney MDA levels in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals RESVERATROL INCLUSION COMPLEX WITH β-CYCLODEXTRIN (RCD): CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. K. Nishihira ◽  
N. J. Mezzomo ◽  
M. D. Baldissera ◽  
R. A. Vaucher ◽  
C. G. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

<p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>The aim of this study was to characterise the resveratrol inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (RCD) and evaluate their toxicity in wistar rats.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>The RCD were prepared in ultra-turrax. For characterization of the RCD were used: Fourier transform infra-red Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The RCD and others 4 treatments were performed by the chronic oral administration in 35 rats during 60 ds. After the treatments they were euthanized and the serum blood were collected to analyzed some hemogram and biochemical parameters including aspartyl aminotransferase (AST); alanine aminotransferase (AST); phosphatase alkaline (ALP); total bilirubin (TB); direct bilirubin (DB); total protein (TP); total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, iron and phosphate using fully automated biochemistry analyzer.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The characterization results indicated a successful formation of the RCD. All hematological parameters analysed were within the normal values in all the groups. Furthermore, the hemogram and biochemical parameters were significantly (P&gt;0.05) similar to the control group.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The daily oral administration during 60 d of RCD are not harmful on blood parameters of Wistar rats. Thus, RCD can be used safely for treatment of some metabolic diseases.</p>

scholarly journals Morphological alterations in the heart and aorta of rats treated with glucocorticoids

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
R. Dantas ◽  
K. Souza ◽  
D. Santos ◽  
V. Feitosa ◽  
E. Fioretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Heart Chamber ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Synthetic Glucocorticoid

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze the morphological structure of the heart and aorta of rats treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: 08 control rats undergoing treatment with a 0.9% saline solution for 10 days and 08 rats treated for 10 days with dexamethasone (2mg/kg animal weight). Results: Histological analysis detected a mild cardiac hypertrophy and 15% reduction of collagen located in the aorta of animals treated with glucocorticoid when compared to the control group. Conclusion: We conclude that treatment with dexamethasone for a period of 10 consecutive days is able to promote morphological changes in the structure of the heart chamber and, impair morphological structure of aorta.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN QUERCETIN TERHADAP KADAR LEPTIN SERUM TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIBERI DIET TINGGI LEMAK

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudiarto . ◽  
Sri Hidayati Suprihatin
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
Chronical Disease ◽  
High Level

Obesity, one of the degenerative diseases, is a risk factor for chronical disease and an ultimate cause of metabolic syndrome which ismarked by the raising level of leptin on blood (hyperleptinemia). Metabolic syndrome is marked by the size of the waist is more than 40 inchfor man or 35 inch for woman, hypertension, hyperglycemia, high level of triglyceride, and the level of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is low.This research is aimed to know the giving of quercetin (which has high anti oxide activities) on the declining level of leptin to the giving of DIO(Diet Induced Obesity). An experimental study using Post Test Control Group was done to the experimental wistar rats. Samples werechosen by using randomized complete block design. Rats were treated for 8 weeks. The dose of given quercetin were 2 mg/kgBB/day, 10mg/kgBB/day, and 50 mg/kgBB/day during the last 8 weeks of research. The variable measured in this research is the level of leptin onblood. Based on the experiment, quercetin is proven that gives influence to the level of leptin on obesity wistar rats’ serum compare to the givenlevel of leptin on controlled rats. There is different average on the level of leptin on wistar rats’ serum which being obesity on each grouptreatment. The giving of quercetin have significant correlation (p<0.05) with the level of leptin on wistar rats’ serum which being obesity (r = -0.704, p = 0.001). The conclusion from this research is the giving of quercetin to obesity rats for 8 weeks can decline the level of leptin onblood.Keywords: quercetin, leptin, high fat diet

scholarly journals Ameliorating effects of Cissus populnea aqueous stem bark extract on some parameters in diabetic Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Aondoaseer Kasar ◽  
Ndubisi A Chidi ◽  
Adilieje Chioma M ◽  
Ibegbu Madu D
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Neuroprotective Effects of the Anthocleista Schweinfurthii Gilg. (Loganiaceae) Stem Bark Extract in Postmenopause-Like Model of Ovariectomized Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoungoure Madeleine Chantal ◽  
Dzeufiet Djomeni Paul Désiré ◽  
Bilanda Danielle Caude ◽  
Mengue Ngandena Yolande Sandrine ◽  
Mbolang Nguegang Lohik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Abstract Background Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal period causes severe neuroendocrine changes in brain which influences memory and other nervous functions. Anthocleista schweinfurthii is used traditionally to treat female infertility and menopause related symptoms. This study was performed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of aqueous extract of Anthocleista schweinfurthii on brain in a postmenopause-like model of ovariectomized Wistar rats. Methods Thirty animals were sham-operated or ovariectomized (Ovx) 84 days after surgery, six groups of five rats each were daily treated orally during 28 days with: distilled water for groups 1 (sham-operated) and 2 (Ovx), estradiol valerate (group 3) and the three doses of extracts {groups 4, 5 and 6 (Ovx)}. Biochemical and histological evaluations focused on brain. Results Compared to sham-operated control, ovariectomy decreased total protein levels in brain (p<0.01) which was increased by plant extract at the dose of 300 mg/kg (p<0.05), underlying its anabolic properties. Ovariectomy significantly decreased magnesium levels in brain (p<0.001). Anthocleista schweinfurthii increased significantly magnesium levels (p<0.01), showing its capacity to act on synaptic conduction. Ovariectomy induced oxidative stress by increasing malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05) and decreasing reduced glutathione levels (p<0.05) in brain. The plant extract exhibited antioxidative activity by reducing malondialdehyde levels and increasing glutathione levels in brain. Damage in brain structure which was caused by ovariectomy disappeared following the treatment. Conclusions Results suggest that Anthocleista schweinfurthii may have neuroprotective effects in Ovx Wistar rats by increasing total protein, magnesium levels and reducing oxidative stress in brain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document