scholarly journals Electro-Persulfate Processes for the Treatment of Complex Wastewater Matrices: Present and Future

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4821
Author(s):  
Annabel Fernandes ◽  
Maria João Nunes ◽  
Ana Sofia Rodrigues ◽  
Maria José Pacheco ◽  
Lurdes Ciríaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Sulfate Radicals ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Load Removal ◽  
Activated Persulfate

Complex wastewater matrices present a major environmental concern. Besides the biodegradable organics, they may contain a great variety of toxic chemicals, heavy metals, and other xenobiotics. The electrochemically activated persulfate process, an efficient way to generate sulfate radicals, has been widely applied to the degradation of such complex effluents with very good results. This review presents the fundamentals of the electro-persulfate processes, highlighting the advantages and limitations, followed by an exhaustive evaluation on the application of this process for the treatment of complex industrial effluents. An overview of the main relevant experimental parameters/details and their influence on the organic load removal is presented and discussed, having in mind the application of these technologies at an industrial scale. Finally, the future perspectives for the application of the electro-persulfate processes in the treatment of complex wastewater matrices is outlined.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Filamentous Fungi and Yeasts for the Biodegradation of Sugarcane Distillery Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1588
Author(s):  
Graziella Chuppa-Tostain ◽  
Melissa Tan ◽  
Laetitia Adelard ◽  
Alain Shum-Cheong-Sing ◽  
Jean-Marie François ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Distillery Wastewater ◽  
Load Removal ◽  
Cheap Alternative ◽  
Ph Increase ◽  
High Chemical Oxygen Demand

Sugarcane Distillery Spent Wash (DSW) is among the most pollutant industrial effluents, generally characterized by high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), high mineral matters and acidic pH, causing strong environmental impacts. Bioremediation is considered to be a good and cheap alternative to DSW treatment. In this study, 37 strains of yeasts and filamentous fungi were performed to assess their potential to significantly reduce four parameters characterizing the organic load of vinasses (COD, pH, minerals and OD475nm). In all cases, a pH increase (until a final pH higher than 8.5, being an increase superior to 3.5 units, as compared to initial pH) and a COD and minerals removal could be observed, respectively (until 76.53% using Aspergillus terreus var. africanus and 77.57% using Aspergillus niger). Depending on the microorganism, the OD475nm could decrease (generally when filamentous fungi were used) or increase (generally when yeasts were used). Among the strains tested, the species from Aspergillus and Trametes genus offered the best results in the depollution of DSW. Concomitant with the pollutant load removal, fungal biomass, with yields exceeding 20 g·L−1, was produced.

scholarly journals Biotransformation of Citrus Waste-II: Bio-Sorbent Materials for Removal of Dyes, Heavy Metals and Toxic Chemicals from Polluted Water

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1544
Author(s):  
Neelima Mahato ◽  
Pooja Agarwal ◽  
Debananda Mohapatra ◽  
Mukty Sinha ◽  
Archana Dhyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Citrus Waste

Industrial processes and anthropogenic activities generate huge amounts of wastes in the form of chemicals, such as heavy metals, dyes, fertilizers, pharmaceutically active chemicals, battery effluents and so on. When these chemicals are left untreated and discarded in the ground or surface waters, they not only cause pollution and harm the ecosystem but also cause toxic effects on the health of human beings, animals and food crops. There are several methods of removal of these toxic materials from the wastewaters, and adsorption by bio-sorbents has been demonstrated as one of the most inexpensive, efficient and convenient methods. Citrus is one of the largest grown fruit crops in the tropical and subtropical regions on the planet. After processing of the fruits at food processing industries, approximately half of the fruit mass is discarded as waste, which causes a number of pollution problems. Alternately, this biomass can be converted to bio-sorbents for the removal of harmful and toxic chemicals from the industrial effluents and wastewaters. The first part of this article contains a thorough review on the biotransformation of citrus waste for the production of biofuel and valuable compounds by fermentation involving microorganisms. The second and concluding part reviews the recent progress in biotransformation of citrus waste biomass (that may be remaining post-extraction of valuable compounds/biofuel generation) into efficient adsorbent substrate materials and their adsorption capacities. The article also includes the details of the synthesis process and mechanisms of adsorption processes.

scholarly journals Treatment of Common Effluent Treatment Plant Pollutant under Growing & Non-growing Condition of Biomass

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Shipra Jha ◽  
S. N. Dikshit
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Effluent Treatment Plant ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Incomplete Treatment

Heavy metal pollution in wastewater has always been a serious environmental problem because heavy metals are not biodegradable and can be accumulated in living tissues. Copper is widely used in various important industrial applications. The increasing level of heavy metals in the aquatic system due to incomplete treatment of industrial wastewater by existing conventional methods is of environmental concern. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in the possibility of using biological treatments. It is important to evaluate the performance of biomass with actual industrial effluent to ensure its field applicability. Hence the experiments were conducted with actual industrial effluents collected from Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) and tannery industry.

scholarly journals Activated Persulfate and Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of Highly Contaminated Water Matrices: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
Niina Dulova ◽  
◽  
Eneliis Kattel ◽  
Marina Trapido
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Foam Formation ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment ◽  
Pollutants Removal ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Mature Landfill Leachate ◽  
Activated Persulfate

The efficacy of Fe2+-activated persulfate (PS) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) treatment in total organic load and selected organic pollutants removal from different highly polluted industrial effluents was evaluated and compared. The studied wastewater samples involved a paint production wastewater (S1), phenolic wastewater (S2) and mature landfill leachate (S3). The coagulation proved an effective technique to pre-treat S1, and thus to reduce substantially the amount of chemicals required in the subsequent oxidation step. The Fenton treatment (HP/Fe2+) proved more effective S1 post-treatment technology than the PS/Fe2+ process and resulted in substantial COD and DOC removal as well as in considerable the BOD7/COD ratio increase. In the case of S2 and S3, the application of Fenton process also demonstrated higher total organic load removal efficacy than the PS/Fe2+ system. Conversely, the HP/Fe2+ oxidation was characterized by a temperature increase and excessive foam formation. The findings of this study provide valuable information for further full-scale applications of Fe2+-activated HP and PS based processes for the treatment of highly contaminated wastewater with the most effective concentrations of reagents used.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated saline soils using halophytes: current progress and future perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichen Liang ◽  
Weitao Liu ◽  
Yuebing Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Huo ◽  
Song Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Environmental Stressor ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

Soil salinity is a destructive environmental stressor that greatly reduces plant growth and productivity. In recent years, large tracts of farmland in arid and semiarid regions have been simultaneously affected by salinity and heavy metal pollution, arousing widespread environmental concern. Phytoremediation, defined as the use of plants to remove pollutants from the environment and (or) to render them harmless, is a low cost, environmentally friendly, and effective method for the decontamination of soils polluted by heavy metals. Halophytes, which can survive and reproduce in high-salt environments, are potentially ideal candidates for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated saline soils. In this review, we discuss the current progress on the use of halophytes, their tolerance mechanisms to salt and heavy metal toxicity, and their potential for phytoremediation in heavy metal contaminated saline soils. The relative mechanisms are discussed and the future perspectives are proposed.

The Effect of Metallic and Ionic Species on the Performance of a Biological Effluent Treatment System

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
B. Volesky ◽  
Q. Samak ◽  
P. Waller
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

Abstract Review of the available results appearing in the recent literature is presented focusing particularly upon the effects of metallic ions such as Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, V, Zn, Ni and Co. Some original data involving the effects of Na are presented and discussed. Development of parameters used in evaluating the influence of toxic or inhibitory species on the mixed microbial population of an activated sludge system is of crucial importance and different techniques employed such as BOD-COD-TOC-removal rates, Oxygen Uptake Rate, and others are discussed, showing relative inadequacy of currently applied assays. From the data available, certain trends can be discerned. There is a definite threshold concentration for each metallic ion, depending on the organic load of the feed. In the order of increasing toxicity to activated sludge systems reflected in lower BOD removals the following metals have been listed as inhibiting factors at concentrations starting from 1 ppm applied on a continuous basis: hexavalent chromium, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, trivalent chromium, copper and nickel. Metals in combination have not been reported to exhibit any significantly different effects as compared to those observed with individually introduced metallic ions. Tolerance of some activated sludge systems to shock loadings by various inorganic ions and metals is reviewed. The conclusions are of particular importance for estimating the performance of biox systems handling industrial effluents which are likely to contain toxic components of inorganic or metallic nature.

Chemical Hazards

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gochfeld ◽  
Robert Laumbach
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Chemical Hazards ◽  
Environmental Properties ◽  
Organ Level ◽  
Source Use

Building on the principles of toxicology, this chapter describes chemicals by structure, source, use, mechanism of action, environmental properties, and target organ. Major advances in toxic effects include more detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which toxic chemicals damage receptors at the subcellular, cellular, and organ level. The chapter describes properties of various types of inorganic and organic chemicals and their adverse health effects. It discusses asphyxiants, such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide; heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium; organic solvents, such as benzene and trichlorethylene; pesticides, including chlorinated hydrocarbons and organophosphates; and a variety of other toxic chemicals to which people are exposed in the home, community, or workplace environment. Several cases are presented to illustrate various concepts concerning chemical hazards in occupational and environmental health.

Ornamental plants for the phytoremediation of heavy metals: Present knowledge and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 110780
Author(s):  
Aqib Hassan Ali Khan ◽  
Amna Kiyani ◽  
Cyrus Raza Mirza ◽  
Tayyab Ashfaq Butt ◽  
Rocío Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Future Perspectives

scholarly journals Metal(loid) speciation and transformation by aerobic methanotrophs

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan ◽  
Thomas J. Smith ◽  
Shamsudeen Umar Dandare ◽  
Kamaludeen Sara Parwin ◽  
Heetasmin Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Food Web Interactions ◽  
Climate Regulation ◽  
Aerobic Methanotrophs ◽  
Long Term Impact

AbstractManufacturing and resource industries are the key drivers for economic growth with a huge environmental cost (e.g. discharge of industrial effluents and post-mining substrates). Pollutants from waste streams, either organic or inorganic (e.g. heavy metals), are prone to interact with their physical environment that not only affects the ecosystem health but also the livelihood of local communities. Unlike organic pollutants, heavy metals or trace metals (e.g. chromium, mercury) are non-biodegradable, bioaccumulate through food-web interactions and are likely to have a long-term impact on ecosystem health. Microorganisms provide varied ecosystem services including climate regulation, purification of groundwater, rehabilitation of contaminated sites by detoxifying pollutants. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of methanotrophs, a group of bacteria that can use methane as a sole carbon and energy source, to transform toxic metal (loids) such as chromium, mercury and selenium. In this review, we synthesise recent advances in the role of essential metals (e.g. copper) for methanotroph activity, uptake mechanisms alongside their potential to transform toxic heavy metal (loids). Case studies are presented on chromium, selenium and mercury pollution from the tanneries, coal burning and artisanal gold mining, respectively, which are particular problems in the developing economy that we propose may be suitable for remediation by methanotrophs.

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