scholarly journals Printed and Flexible Microheaters Based on Carbon Nanotubes

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1879
Author(s):  
Aniello Falco ◽  
Francisco J. Romero ◽  
Florin C. Loghin ◽  
Alina Lyuleeva ◽  
Markus Becherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Manufacturing Method

This work demonstrates a cost-effective manufacturing method of flexible and fully printed microheaters, using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the heating element. Two different structures with different number of CNT layers have been characterized in detail. The benchmarking has been carried out in terms of maximum operating temperature, as well as nominal resistance and input power for different applied voltages. Their performances have been compared with previous reports for similar devices, fabricated with other technologies. The results have shown that the heaters presented can achieve high temperatures in a small area at lower voltages and lower input power. In particular, the fully printed heaters fabricated on a flexible substrate covering an area of 3.2 mm2 and operating at 9.5 V exhibit a maximum temperature point above 70 °C with a power consumption below 200 mW. Therefore, we have demonstrated that this technology paves the way for a cost-effective large-scale fabrication of flexible microheaters aimed to be integrated in flexible sensors.

scholarly journals Scalable Deposition of Nanomaterial-Based Temperature Sensors for Transparent and Pervasive Electronics

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Albrecht ◽  
Almudena Rivadeneyra ◽  
Marco Bobinger ◽  
Jacopo Bonaccini Calia ◽  
Florin C. Loghin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Final Performance

This work presents a comparative analysis of materials for planar semitransparent thermocouples fabricated by spray deposition on a flexible substrate. Three different materials are employed to build such devices, analyzing also the effect of the spray order in their final performance. The highest Seebeck coefficient (50.4 μV/K) is found for a junction made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on top of silver nanowires (AgNWs) whereas its efficiency in terms of power is the lowest because of the higher sheet resistance of the CNTs. In this case, the best combination for energy-harvesting purposes would be poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and AgNWs, with a power factor of 219 fW/K2. These results prove the feasibility of developing large-scale and cost-effective thermocouples that could be used for sensing or energy-harvesting applications.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Humidity Sensors Based on Graphene Oxide–PEDOT:PSS Composites on a Flexible Substrate

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Romero ◽  
Almudena Rivadeneyra ◽  
Markus Becherer ◽  
Diego P. Morales ◽  
Noel Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stability Time

In this paper, we present a simple, fast, and cost-effective method for the large-scale fabrication of high-sensitivity humidity sensors on flexible substrates. These sensors consist of a micro screen-printed capacitive structure upon which a sensitive layer is deposited. We studied two different structures and three different sensing materials by modifying the concentration of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) in a graphene oxide (GO) solution. The results show that the aggregation of the PEDOT:PSS to the GO can modify its electrical properties, boosting the performance of the capacitive sensors in terms of both resistive losses and sensitivity to relative humidity (RH) changes. Thus, in an area less than 30 mm2, the GO/PEDOT:PSS-based sensors can achieve a sensitivity much higher (1.22 nF/%RH at 1 kHz) than other similar sensors presented in the literature which, together with their good thermal stability, time response, and performance over bending, demonstrates that the manufacturing approach described in this work paves the way for the mass production of flexible humidity sensors in an inexpensive way.

Hybrid gold nanofinger SERS structure for sensing applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansoon Kim ◽  
Zhiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Active Molecule ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

ABSTRACTWe report here a novel hybrid nanostructure for ultra-sensitive sensing applications based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). We rationally engineered gold-coated polymer pillar structures, named as gold nanofingers, in analogy to the tweezers at nanoscale, for active molecule capture and detection using SERS technique. Using nanoimprint lithography, we have demonstrated a cost effective manufacturing method of making such hybrid structures over large scale and achieve reliable enhancement factor. In particular, we have demonstrated the sensing application of the nanofinger structures for melamine and chlropyrifos. The limit of detection (LOD) of melamine in water is found to be 10 nM (1.3 ppb), and LOD of chlropyrifos (a pesticide) is found to be 1 nM (0.35 ppb), which is below the EPA tolerance level of 0.1 ppm for chlropyrifos on citrus fruits.

scholarly journals Fully printed origami thermoelectric generators for energy-harvesting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Georg Rösch ◽  
André Gall ◽  
Silas Aslan ◽  
Matthias Hecht ◽  
Leonard Franke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Thermal Impedance ◽  
Wireless Power Supply

AbstractEnergy-harvesting from low-temperature environmental heat via thermoelectric generators (TEG) is a versatile and maintenance-free solution for large-scale waste heat recovery and supplying renewable energy to a growing number of devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) that require an independent wireless power supply. A prerequisite for market competitiveness, however, is the cost-effective and scalable manufacturing of these TEGs. Our approach is to print the devices using printable thermoelectric polymers and composite materials. We present a mass-producible potentially low-cost fully screen printed flexible origami TEG. Through a unique two-step folding technique, we produce a mechanically stable 3D cuboidal device from a 2D layout printed on a thin flexible substrate using thermoelectric inks based on PEDOT nanowires and a TiS2:Hexylamine-complex material. We realize a device architecture with a high thermocouple density of 190 per cm² by using the thin substrate as electrical insulation between the thermoelectric elements resulting in a high-power output of 47.8 µWcm−² from a 30 K temperature difference. The device properties are adjustable via the print layout, specifically, the thermal impedance of the TEGs can be tuned over several orders of magnitudes allowing thermal impedance matching to any given heat source. We demonstrate a wireless energy-harvesting application by powering an autonomous weather sensor comprising a Bluetooth module and a power management system.

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as efficient catalysts for isobutane dehydrogenation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 8562-8570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiali Mu ◽  
Liam John France ◽  
Baoan Liu ◽  
Junjun Shi ◽  
Jinxing Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Isobutane Dehydrogenation ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

Large-scale production of isobutene from isobutane requires high-performance and cost-effective catalysts.

Covalent Atomic Bridges Enable Unidirectional Enhancement of Electronic Transport in Aligned Carbon Nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingguang Chen ◽  
Wangxiang Li ◽  
Anshuman Kumar ◽  
Guanghui Li ◽  
Mikhail Itkis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Metal Atoms ◽  
Aligned Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Transport Channels ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Bulk Structures

<p>Interconnecting the surfaces of nanomaterials without compromising their outstanding mechanical, thermal, and electronic properties is critical in the design of advanced bulk structures that still preserve the novel properties of their nanoscale constituents. As such, bridging the p-conjugated carbon surfaces of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has special implications in next-generation electronics. This study presents a rational path towards improvement of the electrical transport in aligned semiconducting SWNT films by deposition of metal atoms. The formation of conducting Cr-mediated pathways between the parallel SWNTs increases the transverse (intertube) conductance, while having negligible effect on the parallel (intratube) transport. In contrast, doping with Li has a predominant effect on the intratube electrical transport of aligned SWNT films. Large-scale first-principles calculations of electrical transport on aligned SWNTs show good agreement with the experimental electrical measurements and provide insight into the changes that different metal atoms exert on the density of states near the Fermi level of the SWNTs and the formation of transport channels. </p>

scholarly journals Thermoelectric Properties of Thin Films from Sorted Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blazej Podlesny ◽  
Bogumila Kumanek ◽  
Angana Borah ◽  
Ryohei Yamaguchi ◽  
Tomohiro Shiraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Single Walled Carbon ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Extraction

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) remain one of the most promising materials of our times. One of the goals is to implement semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs in photonics and microelectronics, respectively. In this work, we demonstrated how such materials could be obtained from the parent material by using the aqueous two-phase extraction method (ATPE) at a large scale. We also developed a dedicated process on how to harvest the SWCNTs from the polymer matrices used to form the biphasic system. The technique is beneficial as it isolates SWCNTs with high purity while simultaneously maintaining their surface intact. To validate the utility of the metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs obtained this way, we transformed them into thin free-standing films and characterized their thermoelectric properties.

Efficient Schedule of Energy-Constrained UAV Using Crowdsourced Buses in Last-Mile Parcel Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Yan Pan ◽  
Shining Li ◽  
Qianwu Chen ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Tao Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Logistics Industry ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Delivery Scheduling ◽  
Schedule Approach

Stimulated by the dramatical service demand in the logistics industry, logistics trucks employed in last-mile parcel delivery bring critical public concerns, such as heavy cost burden, traffic congestion and air pollution. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are a promising alternative tool in last-mile delivery, which is however limited by insufficient flight range and load capacity. This paper presents an innovative energy-limited logistics UAV schedule approach using crowdsourced buses. Specifically, when one UAV delivers a parcel, it first lands on a crowdsourced social bus to parcel destination, gets recharged by the wireless recharger deployed on the bus, and then flies from the bus to the parcel destination. This novel approach not only increases the delivery range and load capacity of battery-limited UAVs, but is also much more cost-effective and environment-friendly than traditional methods. New challenges therefore emerge as the buses with spatiotemporal mobility become the bottleneck during delivery. By landing on buses, an Energy-Neutral Flight Principle and a delivery scheduling algorithm are proposed for the UAVs. Using the Energy-Neutral Flight Principle, each UAV can plan a flying path without depleting energy given buses with uncertain velocities. Besides, the delivery scheduling algorithm optimizes the delivery time and number of delivered parcels given warehouse location, logistics UAVs, parcel locations and buses. Comprehensive evaluations using a large-scale bus dataset demonstrate the superiority of the innovative logistics UAV schedule approach.

scholarly journals Multi-Country Scale Assessment of Available Energy Recovery Potential Using Micro-Hydropower in Drinking, Pressurised Irrigation and Wastewater Networks, Covering Part of the EU

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Djordje Mitrovic ◽  
Miguel Crespo Chacón ◽  
Aida Mérida García ◽  
Jorge García Morillo ◽  
Juan Antonio Rodríguez Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Water Networks ◽  
Scale Assessment

Studies have shown micro-hydropower (MHP) opportunities for energy recovery and CO2 reductions in the water sector. This paper conducts a large-scale assessment of this potential using a dataset amassed across six EU countries (Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Spain, and Portugal) for the drinking water, irrigation, and wastewater sectors. Extrapolating the collected data, the total annual MHP potential was estimated between 482.3 and 821.6 GWh, depending on the assumptions, divided among Ireland (15.5–32.2 GWh), Scotland (17.8–139.7 GWh), Northern Ireland (5.9–8.2 GWh), Wales (10.2–8.1 GWh), Spain (375.3–539.9 GWh), and Portugal (57.6–93.5 GWh) and distributed across the drinking water (43–67%), irrigation (51–30%), and wastewater (6–3%) sectors. The findings demonstrated reductions in energy consumption in water networks between 1.7 and 13.0%. Forty-five percent of the energy estimated from the analysed sites was associated with just 3% of their number, having a power output capacity >15 kW. This demonstrated that a significant proportion of energy could be exploited at a small number of sites, with a valuable contribution to net energy efficiency gains and CO2 emission reductions. This also demonstrates cost-effective, value-added, multi-country benefits to policy makers, establishing the case to incentivise MHP in water networks to help achieve the desired CO2 emissions reductions targets.

scholarly journals Modeling Fused Filament Fabrication using Artificial Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Oehlmann ◽  
Paul Osswald ◽  
Juan Camilo Blanco ◽  
Martin Friedrich ◽  
Dominik Rietzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

AbstractWith industries pushing towards digitalized production, adaption to expectations and increasing requirements for modern applications, has brought additive manufacturing (AM) to the forefront of Industry 4.0. In fact, AM is a main accelerator for digital production with its possibilities in structural design, such as topology optimization, production flexibility, customization, product development, to name a few. Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is a widespread and practical tool for rapid prototyping that also demonstrates the importance of AM technologies through its accessibility to the general public by creating cost effective desktop solutions. An increasing integration of systems in an intelligent production environment also enables the generation of large-scale data to be used for process monitoring and process control. Deep learning as a form of artificial intelligence (AI) and more specifically, a method of machine learning (ML) is ideal for handling big data. This study uses a trained artificial neural network (ANN) model as a digital shadow to predict the force within the nozzle of an FFF printer using filament speed and nozzle temperatures as input data. After the ANN model was tested using data from a theoretical model it was implemented to predict the behavior using real-time printer data. For this purpose, an FFF printer was equipped with sensors that collect real time printer data during the printing process. The ANN model reflected the kinematics of melting and flow predicted by models currently available for various speeds of printing. The model allows for a deeper understanding of the influencing process parameters which ultimately results in the determination of the optimum combination of process speed and print quality.

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