scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Potentially Probiotic Bacterial Strains from Mice: Proof of Concept for Personalized Probiotics

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Celiberto ◽  
Roseli Pinto ◽  
Elizeu Rossi ◽  
Bruce Vallance ◽  
Daniela Cavallini
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dss Colitis ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Commercial Probiotics ◽  
Lower Disease Activity

Modulation of the gut microbiota through the use of probiotics has been widely used to treat or prevent several intestinal diseases. However, inconsistent results have compromised the efficacy of this approach, especially in severe conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of our study was to develop a personalized probiotic strategy and assess its efficacy in a murine model of intestinal inflammation. Commensal bacterial strains were isolated from the feces of healthy mice and then administered back to the host as a personalized treatment in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Colonic tissues were collected for histological analysis and to investigate inflammatory markers such as Il-1β, Il-6, TGF-β, and Il-10, and the enzyme myeloperoxidase as a neutrophil marker. The group that received the personalized probiotic showed reduced susceptibility to DSS-colitis as compared to a commercial probiotic. This protection was characterized by a lower disease activity index and reduced histopathological damage in the colon. Moreover, the personalized probiotic was more effective in modulating the host immune response, leading to decreased Il-1β and Il-6 and increased TGF-β and Il-10 expression. In conclusion, our study suggests that personalized probiotics may possess an advantage over commercial probiotics in treating dysbiotic-related conditions, possibly because they are derived directly from the host’s own microbiota.

scholarly journals A novel Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist antibody ameliorates inflammation but impairs mucosal healing in murine colitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. G1167-G1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Ungaro ◽  
Masayuki Fukata ◽  
David Hsu ◽  
Yasmin Hernandez ◽  
Keith Breglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Mucosal Healing ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Murine Colitis ◽  
Dss Colitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Intestinal Repair

Dysregulated innate immune responses to commensal bacteria contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). TLR4 is overexpressed in the intestinal mucosa of IBD patients and may contribute to uncontrolled inflammation. However, TLR4 is also an important mediator of intestinal repair. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of a TLR4 antagonist on inflammation and intestinal repair in two murine models of IBD. Colitis was induced in C57BL/6J mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) or by transferring CD45Rbhi T cells into RAG1−/− mice. An antibody (Ab) against the TLR4/MD-2 complex or isotype control Ab was administered intraperitoneally during DSS treatment, recovery from DSS colitis, or induction of colitis in RAG1−/− mice. Colitis severity was assessed by disease activity index (DAI) and histology. The effect of the Ab on the inflammatory infiltrate was determined by cell isolation and immunohistochemistry. Mucosal expression of inflammatory mediators was analyzed by real-time PCR and ELISA. Blocking TLR4 at the beginning of DSS administration delayed the development of colitis with significantly lower DAI scores. Anti-TLR4 Ab treatment decreased macrophage and dendritic cell infiltrate and reduced mucosal expression of CCL2, CCL20, TNF-α, and IL-6. Anti-TLR4 Ab treatment during recovery from DSS colitis resulted in defective mucosal healing with lower expression of COX-2, PGE2, and amphiregulin. In contrast, TLR4 blockade had minimal efficacy in ameliorating inflammation in the adoptive transfer model of chronic colitis. Our findings suggest that anti-TLR4 therapy may decrease inflammation in IBD but may also interfere with colonic mucosal healing.

scholarly journals miR-511 Deficiency Protects Mice from Experimental Colitis by Reducing TLR3 and TLR4 Responses via WD Repeat and FYVE-Domain-Containing Protein 1

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Shafaque Rahman ◽  
Jolien Vandewalle ◽  
Patricia H. P. van Hamersveld ◽  
Caroline Verseijden ◽  
Olaf Welting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Microbial Responses ◽  
Index Weight ◽  
Lower Disease Activity ◽  
Deficient Mice

Antimicrobial responses play an important role in maintaining intestinal heath. Recently we reported that miR-511 may regulate TLR4 responses leading to enhanced intestinal inflammation. However, the exact mechanism remained unclear. In this study we investigated the effect of miR-511 deficiency on anti-microbial responses and DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. miR-511-deficient mice were protected from DSS-induced colitis as shown by significantly lower disease activity index, weight loss and histology scores in the miR-511-deficient group. Furthermore, reduced inflammatory cytokine responses were observed in colons of miR-511 deficient mice. In vitro studies with bone marrow-derived M2 macrophages showed reduced TLR3 and TLR4 responses in miR-511-deficient macrophages compared to WT macrophages. Subsequent RNA sequencing revealed Wdfy1 as the potential miR-511 target. WDFY1 deficiency is related to impaired TLR3/TLR4 immune responses and the expression was downregulated in miR-511-deficient macrophages and colons. Together, this study shows that miR-511 is involved in the regulation of intestinal inflammation through downstream regulation of TLR3 and TLR4 responses via Wdfy1.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Loss-of-Function Dock2 Mutation Alters Murine Colitis Sensitivity and Is a Confounding Variable in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane E Peters ◽  
Lauren D Norris ◽  
Barbara S Slusher
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Confounding Variable ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Dss Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis is the most commonly used mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to its acute nature, reproducibility, and phenotypic overlap with human disease. Following an unexpected and sharp decline in DSS-induced colitis susceptibility in our commercially acquired C57Bl/6 wild-type mice, we discovered that a spontaneous loss-of-function mutation in dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (Dock2Hsd) was responsible. Presence of this mutation in research colonies has the capacity to broadly impact preclinical IBD studies. Methods DSS-colitis was induced in weight-, age-, and gender-matched C57Bl/6NHsd mice. Daily treatment with vehicle or the glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) inhibitor, 2-PMPA (100 mg/kg IP), was performed and disease activity index was monitored. At termination, colon GCPII activity was measured. Results DSS-treated Dock2Hsd mice developed more severe colitis, had significantly increased colon GCPII activity and were more sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition of GCPII. Conclusions The Dock2Hsd mutation is a confounding variable of high relevance to the IBD research community. Dock2Hsd mice were distributed as wild-type C57Bl/6 for multiple years and thus it is unknown how prevalent this mutation is in investigator-maintained colonies of C57Bl/6-derived mice. In our research, presence of the Dock2Hsd mutation caused enhanced GCPII colon activity more closely resembling human disease, providing a useful platform for screening GCPII inhibitors for preclinical efficacy. However, unanticipated presence of Dock2Hsd in genetically modified mice used to study IBD pathobiology can confound conclusions. Thus, care must be taken when interpreting studies performed in mice of C57Bl/6 lineage where Dock2 status is unknown.

scholarly journals A salmon peptide diet alleviates experimental colitis as compared with fish oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Grimstad ◽  
Bodil Bjørndal ◽  
Daniel Cacabelos ◽  
Ole G. Aasprong ◽  
Roald Omdal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Keratinocyte Chemoattractant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

AbstractFish oil (FO) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease, but how fish peptides (FP) influence intestinal inflammation has been less studied. Male Wistar rats, divided into five groups, were included in a 4-week dietary intervention study. Of the groups, four were exposed in the fourth week to 5 % dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce colitis, while one group was unexposed. The diets were: (1) control, (2) control + DSS, (3) FO (5 %) + DSS, (4) FP (3·5 %) + DSS, (5) FO + FP + DSS. Following DSS intake, weight and disease activity index (DAI) were assessed, and histological combined score (HCS), selected colonic PG, cytokines, oxidative damage markers and mRNA levels were measured. FP reduced HCS, tended to lower DAI (P = 0·07) and reduced keratinocyte chemoattractant/growth-regulated oncogene levels, as compared with the FO diet. FP also reduced mRNA levels of Il-6 and Cxcl1, although not significantly. FO intake increased the DAI as compared with DSS alone. PGE3 levels increased after the FO diet, and even more following FO + FP intake. The FP diet seems to have a protective effect in DSS-induced colitis as compared with FO. A number of beneficial, but non-significant, changes also occurred after FP v. DSS. A combined FO + FP diet may influence PG synthesis, as PGE3 levels were higher after the combined diet than after FO alone.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Fructosyltransferase from Lactobacillus reuteri That Synthesizes High-Molecular-Weight Inulin and Inulin Oligosaccharides

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 4390-4398 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. F. T. van Hijum ◽  
G. H. van Geel-Schutten ◽  
H. Rahaoui ◽  
M. J. E. C. van der Maarel ◽  
L. Dijkhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes produce fructose polymers (fructans) from sucrose. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an FTF-encoding gene from Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121. A C-terminally truncated version of the ftf gene was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. When incubated with sucrose, the purified recombinant FTF enzyme produced large amounts of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) with β-(2→1)-linked fructosyl units, plus a high-molecular-weight fructan polymer (>107) with β-(2→1) linkages (an inulin). FOS, but not inulin, was found in supernatants of L. reuteri strain 121 cultures grown on medium containing sucrose. Bacterial inulin production has been reported for only Streptococcus mutans strains. FOS production has been reported for a few bacterial strains. This paper reports the first-time isolation and molecular characterization of (i) a Lactobacillus ftf gene, (ii) an inulosucrase associated with a generally regarded as safe bacterium, (iii) an FTF enzyme synthesizing both a high molecular weight inulin and FOS, and (iv) an FTF protein containing a cell wall-anchoring LPXTG motif. The biological relevance and potential health benefits of an inulosucrase associated with an L. reuteri strain remain to be established.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of bacterial strains with a hydrolytic profile with potential use in bioconversion of agroindustial by-products and waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia Anabela Mazzucotelli ◽  
Alejandra Graciela Ponce ◽  
Catalina Elena Kotlar ◽  
María del Rosario Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
By Products ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Philippine Fermented Milkfish Chanos chanos-Rice Mixture (Burong Bangus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-508
Author(s):  
Julie Ann A. Arcales ◽  
Garner Algo L.Alolod
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Food Products ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Isolation and characterization of bacteria in food products are important to determine and distinguish the beneficial or harmful effects of microbiota in certain samples. Lactic acid bacteria in food products had long been associated to good factors as food preservatives and with added fermentation metabolites. This study isolated and characterized lactic acid bacteria from burong bangus. The culture and purification process of bacteria isolation resulted to 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria namely Enterococcus faecalis, Tetragenococcus muriaticus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subp. delbrueckii and Carnobacterium divergens. High enzymatic activity were observed with E. faecalis particularly on lipase and protease assay. While C. divergens have no enzymatic activity against lipase, protease, amylase and cellulase. The antimicrobial property of L. delbrueckii is only susceptible to amoxicillin unlike the other three bacteria isolates. No antagonistic activity were observed with the four bacterial strains against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The result of this study showed promising benefits to the industry especially in developing countries like the Philippines because population are not yet so aware of this organisms and the benefits that can be derived through their consumption.

scholarly journals The protective effect of curcumin on rats with DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and its mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Guo ◽  
Yan-yan Zhang ◽  
Mei Sun ◽  
Ling-fen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Aim This study aimed to explore effect of curcumin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats and its mechanism.Methods: A dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model was established. The disease activity index (DAI) scores were calculated. The histopathological damage scores were determined by haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Regulatory T (Treg) cells and T helper 17 (Th17) cells in the spleen were analysed by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17A were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Compared with the DSS model group, the curcumin group exhibited significantly reduced DAI scores and improvements in histopathological damage. The expression of CD4+IL-17+ Th17 cells was significantly lower and the expression of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells was significantly higher in the curcumin group than in the DSS group.Conclusion: Curcumin may be a new and effective treatment for IBD by regulating the balance of Treg/Th17 cells and the expression of IL-10 and IL-17A.

Validation of the “German Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (GIBDI)”: An Instrument for Patient-Based Disease Activity Assessment in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1267-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Hüppe ◽  
Jana Langbrandtner ◽  
Winfried Häuser ◽  
Heiner Raspe ◽  
Bernd Bokemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Activity Indices

Abstract Introduction Assessment of disease activity in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is usually based on the physician’s evaluation of clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and biomarker analysis. The German Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index for CD (GIBDICD) and UC (GIBDIUC) uses data from patient-reported questionnaires. It is unclear to what extent the GIBDI agrees with the physicians’ documented activity indices. Methods Data from 2 studies were reanalyzed. In both, gastroenterologists had documented disease activity in UC with the partial Mayo Score (pMS) and in CD with the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI). Patient-completed GIBDI questionnaires had also been assessed. The analysis sample consisted of 151 UC and 150 CD patients. Kappa coefficients were determined as agreement measurements. Results Rank correlations were 0.56 (pMS, GIBDIUC) and 0.57 (HBI, GIBDICD), with p < 0.001. The absolute agreement for 2 categories of disease activity (remission yes/no) was 74.2 % (UC) and 76.6 % (CD), and for 4 categories (none/mild/moderate/severe) 60.3 % (UC) and 61.9 % (CD). The kappa values ranged between 0.47 for UC (2 categories) and 0.58 for CD (4 categories). Discussion There is satisfactory agreement of GIBDI with the physician-documented disease activity indices. GIBDI can be used in health care research without access to assessments of medical practitioners. In clinical practice, the index offers a supplementary source of information.

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