scholarly journals Associations between Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010, Body Composition, Osteoarthritis Severity, and Interleukin-6 in Older Overweight and Obese African American Females with Self-Reported Osteoarthritis

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Macy Mears ◽  
Lisa Tussing-Humphreys ◽  
Leah Cerwinske ◽  
Christy Tangney ◽  
Susan Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
African American ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
African American Females

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of immobility in the United States and is associated with older age, inflammation, and obesity. Prudent dietary patterns have been associated with disease prevention, yet little evidence exists describing diet quality (DQ) in older overweight or obese African American (AA) adults with OA and its relation to body composition. We conducted a secondary data analysis of a dataset containing alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), body composition, OA severity, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) data from 126 AA females (aged 60–87 years) with OA to examine the relationships between these variables. Our sample had poor DQ and reported having higher OA severity as measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Interleukin-6 was negatively correlated with AHEI-2010, and AHEI-2010 and the WOMAC physical function subcategory (WOMACpf) were significant predictors of IL-6 (odds ratio (OR): 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–0.99 and 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07, respectively, p < 0.05) but not body composition. In conclusion, AHEI-2010 and WOMACpf were significant predictors of inflammation (IL-6) and AHEI-2010 accounted for ~16% of the variation of IL-6 (inflammation) in this sample.

scholarly journals An Examination of Demographic and Psychosocial Factors, Barriers to Healthy Eating, and Diet Quality Among African American Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Richards Adams ◽  
Wilson Figueroa ◽  
Irene Hatsu ◽  
James Odei ◽  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
African American Adults

A healthy diet is associated with lower risk of chronic disease. African Americans generally have poor diet quality and experience a higher burden of many chronic diseases. We examined the associations of demographic and psychosocial factors and barriers to diet quality among African American adults. This cross-sectional study included 100 African American adults in a southeastern metropolitan area. Psychosocial factors (social support, self-efficacy), and barriers to healthy eating were assessed with validated measures. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010). Nested linear regressions were used to examine the association between the variables of interest and HEI scores. Participants reported having social support (M (mean) = 2.0, SD (standard deviation) = 0.6, range 0–3), high levels of self-efficacy (M = 3.1, SD = 0.7, range 1–4), and low barriers (M = 1.4, SD = 0.6, range 0–4) to engage in healthy eating but total mean HEI scores needed improvement (M = 54.8, SD = 10.9, range 27.1–70.0). Participants consumed significantly higher empty calories and lower whole fruits, dairy, and total protein foods than the national average. Barriers to healthy eating (b = −12.13, p = 0.01) and the interaction between age and barriers (b = 0.25, p = 0.02) were most strongly associated with lower HEI scores. Younger African Americans with the highest barriers to healthy eating had the lowest HEI scores. Culturally appropriate interventions targeting empty calories, barriers to healthy eating, and knowledge of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans are needed for African Americans.

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Differences in Diet Quality and Eating Habits Among WIC Pregnant Women: Implications for Policy and Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla M. Hill ◽  
Danielle L. Nunnery ◽  
Alice Ammerman ◽  
Jigna M. Dharod
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
American Women

Purpose: One of the major federal food assistance programs, the Special Supplemental Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), serves approximately 1.5 million low-income pregnant women per year; however, limited information is available on their dietary habits. This is critical because low-income women are at higher risk of gaining excess weight during pregnancy. Thus, the study objectives were to (1) determine the overall diet quality of WIC pregnant women and (2) examine diet quality and eating behaviors by race/ethnicity and other sociodemographics. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Setting: One of the 3 WIC offices in a north-central county in North Carolina, USA. Sample: Pregnant women (n = 198) in the second trimester. Measures: Interviews included sociodemographics, food security, diet, and eating behaviors. Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010 scores. Analysis: Descriptives, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. Results: Average participant age was 26 years, and the mean HEI-2010 score was 56 of maximum score of 100. Specifically, African American women consumed significantly lower servings of whole grains (β = −1.71; 95% CI: −3.10 to −0.32; P < .05) and dairy (β = −1.42; 95% CI: −2.51 to −0.33; P < .05) compared with non-Hispanic white women. Hispanic women scored higher in daily intake of fruits (β = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.17-1.79; P < .05) and for consuming empty calories in moderation (β = 1.57; 95% CI: 0.06-3.09; P < .05). Frequency of intake of fast foods/outside meals was higher among African American women (57%, P = .025). Conclusion: Efforts are warranted to promote optimal nutrition among WIC pregnant women. Specifically, African American women are highly vulnerable to poor dietary habits during pregnancy. Further investigation of barriers/facilitators for healthy eating is necessary to address nutrition disparities among WIC pregnant women.

Associations between diet quality and physical activity measures among a southern Ontario regional sample of grade 6 students

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Woodruff ◽  
Rhona M. Hanning
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality and physical activity behaviours of grade 6 students by sex and body weight status, and to determine the associations between diet quality and physical activity behaviours. The Web-based Food Behaviour Questionnaire, which included a 24-h diet recall and the modified Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), was administered to a cross-section of schools (n = 405 students from 15 schools). Measured height and weight were used to calculate body mass index and weight status (Cole et al. 2000). A Canadian version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-C) was used to describe overall diet quality. The mean HEI-C was 69.6 (13.2) with the majority (72%) falling into the needs improvement category. The overall mean physical activity score was 3.7 out of a maximum of 5, with obese subjects being less active compared with normal weight and overweight (p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression analysis (of HEI-C vs. all measures of the PAQ-C, sex, and weight status) revealed that HEI-C ratings were likely to be higher in students that walked to and from school 5 days per week (vs. 0 days per week; odds ratio 3.18, p = 0.010); and were active 1 evening per week (vs. none; odds ratio 3.48, p = 0.039). The positive association between diet quality and some aspects of physical activity suggests possible clustering of health behaviours. Future research should test the potential benefits of promoting 1 health behaviour (e.g., healthy eating) with another (e.g., physical activity).

Dietary inflammatory index and healthy eating index-2015 are associated with rheumatoid arthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Sajedeh Jandari ◽  
Negin Mosalmanzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Shadmand Foumani Moghadam ◽  
Davood Soleimani ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Inflammatory Index

ABSTRACT Objective: Many arthritic patients have the belief that dietary habits can worsen or ameliorate their symptoms. Whether diet quality can modify the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an issue of continued scientific debate and interest. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between both overall diet quality and the overall diet inflammatory potential on the risk of RA. Design: Overall diet quality and the overall inflammatory potential of the diet were evaluated with the use of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, respectively. Both DII and HEI-2015 scores were calculated based on a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariable-adjusted odds of RA were calculated across tertiles of HEI, and Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores using binary logistic regression. Setting: Mashhad, Iran Participants: 50 newly diagnosed RA cases and 100 well-matched healthy people controls. Results: Individuals in the highest tertile of DII scores, indicating the most pro-inflammatory diet, were about three times more likely to have RA than those in the lowest tertile (Odds Ratio: 2.99; 95%CI: 1.08 to 8.24; P-trend:0.037), whereas individuals in the highest tertile of HEI scores, indicating more top dietary quality, had a significantly lower odds of RA than those in the lowest tertile (Odds Ratio: 0.33; 95%CI: 0.12 to 0.87; P-trend:0.024). Conclusion: Our findings show that E-DII and HEI-2015 are positively and negatively associated, respectively, with the odds of RA in a convenience sample of Iranians. These results highlight the importance of overall diet quality in modulating the risk of RA.

scholarly journals Lung function, COPD and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) in US adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 00927-2020
Author(s):  
Kirstie Ducharme-Smith ◽  
Gustavo Mora-Garcia ◽  
Francisca de Castro Mendes ◽  
Maria Stephany Ruiz-Diaz ◽  
Andre Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index

BackgroundThere is a large burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the United States (US). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between diet quality with lung function, airway restriction, and spirometrically defined COPD in a nationally representative sample of US adults.MethodsAdults (19–70 years of age) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012 cycles were included (N=10 428). Diet quality was determined using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010). Pre-bronchodilator measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC were described. Calibrated lower limit of normal (LLN) estimates were derived to determine prevalence of airway restriction (FVC<LLN) and COPD (FEV1/FVC Ratio<LLN). Population-weighted linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the association of AHEI-2010 and respiratory outcomes.ResultsThe average AHEI was 45.3 (±12.2), equivalent to meeting 41% of the daily recommendations for optimal diet quality. Those in the highest quartile of AHEI had better FEV1 (adjusted [a]β:47.92, 95% CI 2.27, 93.57) and FVC (aβ: 80.23, 95% CI 34.03, 126.42; p-value interaction (*) of AHEI and smoking >0.05) compared to those in quartile 1. Higher AHEI was also associated with lower odds of airway restriction (OR: 0.23, 95% CI 0.08, 0.67; p-value AHEI*ethnicity >0.05).ConclusionsDiet quality was independently associated with better FEV1, FVC, and with lower odds of spirometric restriction. These findings highlight the need for research to further elucidate the possible beneficial role of diet in the preservation of lung function.

scholarly journals The Healthy Eating Index and Youth Healthy Eating Index Are Unique, Nonredundant Measures of Diet Quality among Low-Income, African American Adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Hurley ◽  
Sarah E. Oberlander ◽  
Brian C. Merry ◽  
Margaret M. Wrobleski ◽  
Ann C. Klassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
Healthy Eating Index

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Policy Improves Children’s Diet Quality in Early Care and Education in South Carolina

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Zaltz ◽  
Amelie A. Hecht ◽  
Roni A. Neff ◽  
Russell R. Pate ◽  
Brian Neelon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Early Care And Education ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Early Care

Policies to promote healthy foods in early care and education (ECE) in the United States exist, but few have been prospectively evaluated. In South Carolina, a statewide program serving low-income children in ECE enacted new policies promoting healthy foods. We conducted an evaluation to measure changes in dietary intake among children in ECE exposed and not exposed to the new policy. Using direct observation, we assessed dietary intake in 112 children from 34 ECE centers in South Carolina and 90 children from 30 ECE centers in North Carolina (a state with no policy). We calculated Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI) scores to measure diet quality consumed before and after the policy was enacted. We fit mixed-effects linear models to estimate differences in HEI scores by state from baseline to post-policy, adjusting for child race, number of children enrolled, director education, center years in operation, participation in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), and center profit status. The policy increased HEI scores for whole fruits, total fruits, and lean proteins, but decreased scores for dairy. Thus, the policy was associated with some enhancements in dietary intake, but additional support may help improve other components of diet.

scholarly journals Association of diet quality and physical function among overweight and obese primarily african american older adults with lower extremity osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Teresa Schering ◽  
Linda Schiffer ◽  
Andrew McLeod ◽  
Andrew DeMott ◽  
Susan Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Minute Walk

BACKGROUND: Strategies to reduce osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and increase physical function in persons with lower extremity (LE) OA is a public health priority. OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between diet quality and measures of physical function among overweight and obese older adults with self-reported LE OA. METHODS: 413 overweight and obese primarily African American adults ≥60 years old with LE OA were assessed. Diet quality was quantified using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010). The six-minute walk, 30-second chair-stands, and timed up-and-go tests were used to assess physical function. Unadjusted and multivariable linear regressions were performed to assess associations between the diet quality and measures of physical function. RESULTS: The mean age of the subjects was 67.8 (SD 5.9) years and mean BMI was 34.8 (SD 5.5) kg/m2. Adjusting for total calories, AHEI-2010 total score was associated with superior performance on the six-minute walk test. However, the association was attenuated when also controlling for age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, self-reported pain, and physical activity. HEI-2010 was not associated with the physical function measures. CONCLUSION: AHEI-2010 total score was positively associated with walking speed among older overweight and obese primarily AA older adults with LE OA. However, the association weakened when adjusting for subject covariates. The relationship between diet quality and physical function among health disparate populations should be further investigated in larger cohorts and using rigorous experimental study design.

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Index Protocol: Review, Update, and Development Process to Reflect Dietary Guidance Across the Lifespan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 447-447
Author(s):  
Jill Reedy ◽  
TusaRebecca Pannucci ◽  
Kirsten Herrick ◽  
Jennifer Lerman ◽  
Marissa Shams-White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Policy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Infants And Toddlers

Abstract Objectives The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure of diet quality, independent of quantity, that can be used to assess alignment with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs), which are the basis of nutrition policy for the United States (US) government and the foundation of all federal nutrition guidance. The recently released 2020–2025 DGAs include recommendations for infants and toddlers for the first time, and necessitate a review, update, and development process of the HEI to reflect healthy eating across the lifespan. Methods Since 2005, researchers at the HHS National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion have collaborated to revise the HEI based on updates to the DGAs, and the HEI-2015 is the most recent iteration. The process includes: 1) gathering information from dietary guidelines, experts, and federal stakeholders; 2) considering substantive changes and needs for new development; and 3) completing validation analyses. Results Updates to the HEI have aimed to maintain stability, reflecting the consistency of recommendations over time. A guiding principle is to only make changes to the HEI that have a strong rationale. With no significant changes in the USDA Dietary Patterns, few changes are anticipated for the HEI for 2 years and older; instead, the emphasis for the update process is focusing on considerations for an index for infants and toddlers under 2 years. Additionally, the Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee identified the development of a scoring system (such as the HEI) for infants and toddlers as a research recommendation, because comparisons of diet quality using the HEI have thus far only been possible for Americans 2 years and older. The HEI review, update, and development process aims to consider analyses with distributions of HEI scores across the lifespan with nationally representative data and diverse cohorts. Conclusions The HEI is a valuable tool for research that can be used in nutrition interventions, epidemiology, and consumer nutrition education programs. The timely release of a new HEI will enable application across the lifespan and support additional methodological research to examine needs specific to each life stage and how to model optimal trajectories of healthy dietary patterns. Funding Sources None.

Established diet quality indices are not universally associated with body composition in young adult women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Sofija E. Zagarins ◽  
Alayne G. Ronnenberg ◽  
Elizabeth R. Bertone-Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Diet Score

Abstract Objective: To determine which established diet quality indices best predict weight-related outcomes in young women. Design: In this cross-sectional analysis, we collected dietary information using the Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and measured body fat percentage (BF%) by duel-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We used FFQ data to derive five diet quality indices: Recommended Food Score (RFS), Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015), Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED), Healthy Plant-Based Diet Index (HPDI). Setting: University of Massachusetts at Amherst Participants: n=260 healthy women aged 18-30 Results: The AHEI-2010 and HPDI were associated with body mass index (BMI) and BF%, such that a 10-point increase in either diet score was associated with a 1.2 percentage-point lower BF% and a 0.5 kg/m2 lower BMI (P<0.05). Odds of excess body fat (i.e., BF%>32%) were 50% lower for those in the highest vs. lowest tertile of the AHEI-2010 (P=0.04). Neither the RFS nor HEI-2015 were associated with BMI or BF%; the aMED was associated with BMI but not BF%. Conclusions: These results suggest that diet quality tends to be inversely associated with BMI and BF% in young women, but that this association is not observed for all diet quality indices. Diet indices may have limited utility in populations where the specific healthful foods and food groups emphasized by the index are not widely consumed. Future research should aim to replicate these findings in longitudinal studies that compare body composition changes over time across diet indices in young women.

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