scholarly journals Interplay between Nutrition and Hearing Loss: State of Art

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Puga ◽  
María Pajares ◽  
Gregorio Varela-Moreiras ◽  
Teresa Partearroyo
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Nutrient Effects

Hearing loss has been recently ranked as the fifth leading cause of years lived with disability, ahead of many other chronic diseases such as diabetes, dementia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Moreover, according to the World Health Organization, moderate-to-profound hearing loss affects about 466 million people worldwide. Its incidence varies in each population segment, affecting approximately 10% of children and increasing to 30% of the population over 65 years. However, hearing loss receives still very limited research funding and public awareness. This sensory impairment is caused by genetic and environmental factors, and among the latter, the nutritional status has acquired relevance due its association to hearing loss detected in recent epidemiological studies. Several experimental models have proved that the onset and progression of hearing loss are closely linked to the availability of nutrients and their metabolism. Here, we have reviewed studies focused on nutrient effects on auditory function. These studies support the potential of nutritional therapy for the protection against hearing loss progression, which is especially relevant to the aging process and related quality of life.

scholarly journals Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an urgent problem of health saving of modern medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 908-915
Author(s):  
S V Raikova ◽  
N E Komleva ◽  
A N Mikerov ◽  
M V Potapova ◽  
A I Zavyalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the most urgent problems of the modern medical community. Despite the introduction of constantly updated schemes of early diagnosis and treatment into practical medicine, there is still an upward trend in the number of cases, under-examined persons, and prognostically unfavorable outcomes. The review highlights the findings of epidemiological studies confirming the widespread prevalence of the disease, accompanied by rapid disability progression, high mortality, and significant economic damage. The review lists the main exogenous and endogenous risk factors for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including occupational etiology. Attention is drawn to the possibility of disease prevention in a professional environment with the proper motivation of the patient and the application of economic efforts. The article discusses the main causes of underdiagnosis and late diagnosis of the disease. Lifestyle modification makes an undeniable contribution to the prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and improving prognosis in the developed disease. Certain psychological characteristics that reduce adherence to treatment of such patients should be considered in organizing the management of this category of persons and creating special schools. It is important to create a classification of endotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as sufficient public awareness about this disease with the aim of the earliest possible diagnosis.

scholarly journals Nutrition and lung health

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangalam K. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Salutary Effect ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Lung Health ◽  
The Relationship

There is an increasing interest in the relationship between nutrition and lung health. Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary habits may have an influence on lung function and the tendency to common lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. In particular, a diet rich in fresh fruit and fish has been associated with a salutary effect on lung health. End-stage COPD is associated with a state of nutritional depletion which is refractory to conventional nutritional supplementation. In contrast, malnutrition associated with cystic fibrosis is amenable to nutritional therapy, which has been shown to improve prognosis in this disease.

scholarly journals Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and malnutrition: why are we not winning this battle?

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone Martins Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Supplementation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Cytokine Inhibitors

OBJECTIVES: To review the mechanisms involved in the origin of malnutrition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to make a systematic review of randomized controlled studies, to clarify the contribution of nutritional supplementation in patients with stable COPD. METHOD: A systematic review of articles published in the field of nutrition, in any language and from several sources, including Medline, Embase, Cinahl, and the Cochrane Registry on COPD, as well as studies presented at congresses in the US and Europe. RESULTS: Studies on nutritional supplementation for more than two weeks showed a very small effect, not reaching statistical significance. A linear regression study found that old age, relative anorexia, and high inflammatory response are associated with non-response to nutritional therapy. CONCLUSION: Currently, there is no evidence that nutritional supplementation is truly effective in patients with COPD. Factors associated with non-response suggest a relationship with the degree of inflammation, including high TNF-alpha levels. Measuring inflammation markers may be useful to determine prognosis and adequate therapy. Treatment with anti-inflammatory cytokines or cytokine inhibitors seems promising for the future.

scholarly journals High risk individuals in COVID-19 pandemic; an updated review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e25-e25
Author(s):  
Rojin Chegini ◽  
Alireza Bolurian ◽  
Zahra Mojtahedi ◽  
Masoud Hafizi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization

In December 2019, cases of pneumonia with an unknown pathogen were reporting in Wuhan city, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized it as a pandemic, on March 11, 2020. The most frequent site of involvement is the respiratory system. The most common symptoms include cough, fatigue and fever. In some cases, neurological, respiratory and gastrointestinal complications can lead to death. Inflammatory cytokines can play a major role in pathogen damage. Due to the pandemic of COVID-19 and its severe complications, it is critical to identify the high-risk groups. Since this disease has a rapid transmission, following the instructions announced by the WHO, prevention is vital, especially in people with risk factors for disease complications and mortality. According to the latest reports by CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention), older age and having some medical conditions such as smoking, obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2 ), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease, cancer, solid organ transplant, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, and sickle cell anemia in younger adults are known disease severity risk factor.

scholarly journals Respiratory Consequences of Mild-to-Moderate Obesity: Impact on Exercise Performance in Health and in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis E. O'Donnell ◽  
Conor D. J. O'Donnell ◽  
Katherine A. Webb ◽  
Jordan A. Guenette
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Limitation ◽  
Mechanical Constraints ◽  
The Impact

In many parts of the world, the prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate. The association between obesity, multiple comorbidities, and increased mortality is now firmly established in many epidemiological studies. However, the link between obesity and exercise intolerance is less well studied and is the focus of this paper. Although exercise limitation is likely to be multifactorial in obesity, it is widely believed that the respiratory mechanical constraints and the attendant dyspnea are important contributors. In this paper, we examined the evidence that critical ventilatory constraint is a proximate source of exercise limitation in individuals with mild-to-moderate obesity. We first reviewed existing information on exercise performance, including ventilatory and perceptual response patterns, in obese individuals who are otherwise healthy. We then considered the impact of obesity in patients with preexisting respiratory mechanical abnormalities due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with particular reference to the effect on dyspnea and exercise performance. Our main conclusion, based on the existing and rather sparse literature on the subject, is that abnormalities of dynamic respiratory mechanics are not likely to be the dominant source of dyspnea and exercise intolerance in otherwise healthy individuals or in patients with COPD with mild-to-moderate obesity.

scholarly journals Gender, Estrogen, and Obliterative Lesions in the Lung

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Assaggaf ◽  
Quentin Felty
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Context Specific

Gender has been shown to impact the prevalence of several lung diseases such as cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Controversy over the protective effects of estrogen on the cardiopulmonary system should be of no surprise as clinical trials of hormone replacement therapy have failed to show benefits observed in experimental models. Potential confounders to explain these inconsistent estrogenic effects include the dose, cellular context, and systemic versus local tissue levels of estrogen. Idiopathic PAH is disproportionately found to be up to 4 times more common in females than in males; however, estrogen levels cannot explain why males develop PAH sooner and have poorer survival. Since the sex steroid hormone 17β-estradiol is a mitogen, obliterative processes in the lung such as cell proliferation and migration may impact the growth of pulmonary tissue or vascular cells. We have reviewed evidence for biological differences of sex-specific lung obliterative lesions and highlighted cell context-specific effects of estrogen in the formation of vessel lumen-obliterating lesions. Based on this information, we provide a biological-based mechanism to explain the sex difference in PAH severity as well as propose a mechanism for the formation of obliterative vascular lesions by estrogens.

scholarly journals The Good COPD Guidelines

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Dennis Bowie
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Third ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Health Organization

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is becoming an increasing problem for health care workers. The World Health Organization predicts that in the year 2020, this disease will be the fifth most prevalent disease worldwide, up from 12th place, and it will be the third most common cause of death, up from sixth place in 1997 (1). Hospitalization and mortality rates for COPD continue to rise in Canada (2). Therefore, the burden of COPD on Canadians, the health care system and physicians is obvious.

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