scholarly journals Chemical Profile, Antioxidative, and Gut Microbiota Modulatory Properties of Ganpu Tea: A Derivative of Pu-erh Tea

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuying Zheng ◽  
Xuan Zeng ◽  
Tingting Chen ◽  
Wei Peng ◽  
Weiwei Su
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Dietary Consumption ◽  
Citrus Reticulate

Ganpu tea is an emerging tea drink produced from Pu-erh tea and the pericarp of Citrus reticulate Chachi (GCP). Recently, it has been increasingly favored by consumers due to the potential health effects and special taste. However, information concerning its chemical profile and biological activities is scarce. In this work, a total of 92 constituents were identified in hot-water extracts of Ganpu tea with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Moreover, the antioxidative and gut microbiota modulatory properties of Ganpu tea were investigated in rats after long-term dietary consumption. Ganpu tea and GCP could significantly enhance the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 13.4% (p < 0.05) and 15.1% (p < 0.01), as well as the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by 16.3% (p < 0.01) and 20.5% (p < 0.01), respectively. Both showed better antioxidant capacities than Pu-erh tea. Ganpu tea increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Lactococcus, suggesting the potential of Ganpu tea in modulating the gut microbiota to benefit human health. The obtained results provide essential information for further investigation of Ganpu tea.

Laboratory and Field Investigations of the Performance of HPCC Coatings

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fraser King ◽  
Jenny Been ◽  
Robert Worthingham ◽  
Grant Rubie
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Field Exposure

Three-layer FBE-polyolefin coatings offer the promise of good adhesive and corrosion properties from the FBE layer coupled with resistance to mechanical damage from the outer polyolefin layer. TransCanada Pipelines have been investigating the long-term behaviour of High Performance Composite Coating (HPCC) using a combination of laboratory testing and field trials. In the laboratory, panels of HPCC were subjected to standard CD disbondment testing following a two-stage degradation process. The degradation process, designed to simulate field exposure, involved impact damage followed by exposure to either a hot-water soak (60°C), or to microbiologically active soil with and without the application of CP. Following exposure, the duplicate panels were subject to 28-day CD disbondment tests to determine the extent of damage caused by the combination of impact and soil/hot water exposure. In the field, a section of HPCC coating was excavated and examined after 11 years service. In addition to visual inspection, the coating was examined in situ using a newly developed impedance technique EISPlus. This technique is a development of earlier EIS techniques and allows the dielectric properties of the coating to be determined in addition to the impedance of the solution-filled pores. EISPlus provides an improved sensitivity for high-impedance coatings, such as FBE, HPCC, and polyolefin tape. Furthermore, since it is a dry technique, rapid measurements can be made on coatings exposed to field conditions allowing the in-service performance to be determined. Results of both the laboratory testing and field EISPlus measurements are presented and the long-term performance of the coating discussed.

scholarly journals Lignans and Gut Microbiota: An Interplay Revealing Potential Health Implications

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5709
Author(s):  
Alice Senizza ◽  
Gabriele Rocchetti ◽  
Juana I. Mosele ◽  
Vania Patrone ◽  
Maria Luisa Callegari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Bacterial Metabolism ◽  
Plant Polyphenols ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Apoptotic Effects ◽  
Entire Gastrointestinal Tract

Plant polyphenols are a broad group of bioactive compounds characterized by different chemical and structural properties, low bioavailability, and several in vitro biological activities. Among these compounds, lignans (a non-flavonoid polyphenolic class found in plant foods for human nutrition) have been recently studied as potential modulators of the gut–brain axis. In particular, gut bacterial metabolism is able to convert dietary lignans into therapeutically relevant polyphenols (i.e., enterolignans), such as enterolactone and enterodiol. Enterolignans are characterized by various biologic activities, including tissue-specific estrogen receptor activation, together with anti-inflammatory and apoptotic effects. However, variation in enterolignans production by the gut microbiota is strictly related to both bioaccessibility and bioavailability of lignans through the entire gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the most important dietary source of lignans, exploring the interesting interplay between gut metabolites, gut microbiota, and the so-called gut–brain axis.

scholarly journals The Impact of Citrus-Tea Cofermentation Process on Chemical Composition and Contents of Pu-Erh Tea: An Integrated Metabolomics Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Xu ◽  
Pu-Lin Liang ◽  
Xue-Lian Chen ◽  
Ming-Jiong Gong ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Flavonoid Glycoside ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Flavonoid Aglycones ◽  
The Impact

Ganpu tea, an emerging pu-erh compound tea, which is cofermented with the peel of Citrus reticulata “Chachi,” has been widely favored by Chinese consumers due to its potential health effects and distinct flavor and taste. So far, the influence of this cofermentation procedure on the chemical profile of pu-erh tea has barely been addressed yet. In this work, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE Orbitrap MS)-based qualitative and quantitative method combined with multivariate analysis was conducted to comprehensively investigate the chemical changes in pu-erh tea after cofermented with Citrus peel. A total of 171 compounds were identified based on a three-level strategy, among which seven phenolic acids, 11 flavan-3-ols, and 27 flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides were identified from pu-erh tea for the first time. Eighty-nine main constituents were selected for further quantitative analysis using a validated method. Both the principal component analysis (PCA) of untargeted metabolomics and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models of targeted components revealed the significant chemical profile disparity between the raw pu-erh tea and Ganpu tea. It showed that Citrus tea cofermentation process significantly decreased the total contents of phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, and flavonoid aglycones, while most of the quercetin glycosides and myricetin glycosides as well as the vitexin were significantly increased. In addition, hesperidin, a flavonoid glycoside only existed in Citrus, was first found in pu-erh tea after cofermented with Citrus. This study clearly profiled the chemical composition and content changes of pu-erh tea after cofermented with Citrus peel, which revealed that Citrus tea cofermentation process further accelerated the fermentation of pu-erh tea and improved the unique flavor of tea.

scholarly journals Liberation of eicosapentaenoic acid and degradation of the major cell wall polysaccharide porphyran by fermentation of nori, the dried thalli of Pyropia yezoensis, with koji

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Hama ◽  
Emi Yamagata ◽  
Noriko Takahama ◽  
Yuka Yoshimura ◽  
Rin Yanagida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Pyropia Yezoensis ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharide ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Fermented Products

AbstractIn this study, dried sheets of nori, shredded and processed thalli of the red alga Pyropia yezoensis, were fermented with either barley, rice or soybean koji. High-performance liquid chromatographic analyses of the lipid extracts of the fermented products indicated that the fermentation of nori with all kinds of tested koji released free fatty acids, including the eicosapentaenoic acid, from ester lipids. We found that approximately half of the eicosapentaenoic acid in nori had been released as the free fatty acid at up to 4 weeks of fermentation at 30 °C and more than 65% at 8 to12 weeks in the fermented products with barley and rice koji. We also demonstrated the degradation of porphyran, a major cell wall polysaccharide of nori, by gel chromatography on Sephacryl S-300 HR of hot water extracts of the fermented products of nori with barley koji. Approximately two-third of porphyran had been degraded to porphyran oligosaccharides up to 6 weeks of fermentation. Fermentation of nori with koji may bring out the potential health-promoting functions of nori.

scholarly journals Chemical Profile, Antioxidant, Anti-Proliferative, Anticoagulant and Mutagenic Effects of a Hydroalcoholic Extract of Tuscan Rosmarinus officinalis

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Stefania Lamponi ◽  
Maria Camilla Baratto ◽  
Elisabetta Miraldi ◽  
Giulia Baini ◽  
Marco Biagi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

This study aimed to characterize the chemical profile of an ethanolic extract of Tuscan Rosmarinus officinalis (Roex) and to determine its in vitro bioactivity. The content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, hydroxycinnamic acids and triterpenoids was determined, and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis revealed that rosmarinic acid and other hydroxycinnamic derivatives were the main constituents of the extract. Roex demonstrated to have both antioxidant activity and the capability to scavenge hydrogen peroxide in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts and human breast adenocarcinoma cells MDA-MB-231 viability was influenced by the extract with an IC50 of 2.4 × 10−1 mg/mL and 4.8 × 10−1 mg/mL, respectively. The addition of Roex to the culture medium of both the above cell lines, resulted also in the reduction of cell death after H2O2 pre-treatment. The Ames test demonstrated that Roex was not genotoxic towards both TA98 and TA100 strains, with and without S9 metabolic activation. The extract, by inactivating thrombin, showed to also have an anti-coagulating effect at low concentration values. All these biological activities exerted by Roex are tightly correlated to its phytochemical profile, rich in bioactive compounds.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Use Of Tai Chi Elements To Increase Respiratory Amplitude

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Mihai-Alexandru Citea ◽  
Marius Neculaes
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Abdominal Breathing ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Different Levels

High performance sport has a major impact on the physiological adaptations of the respiratory system. The importance of the optimal functioning of this system is essential to achieve top results in high performance sport but also in maintaining a long term health status. Science journals present numerous studies that highlight the benefits of practicing Tai Chi on the general population, with effects ranging from improving cardiac function, to influencing the immune system. The purpose of this study is to identify whether by practicing Tai Chi forms a athlete can change their breathing pattern and develop their respiratory amplitude. The subjects of the study were 22 fencing practitioners, accredited at the Iași Municipal Sports Club (C.S.M. Iași), aged between 14 and 18 years, with over 3 years of competitive activity. Materials and method: The study participants were evaluated initially and at the end of 7 months of practice. The frequency was 3 sessions per week, and the duration of each session was 20-30 minutes. The evaluation consisted in measuring the circumference of the thorax at 3 different levels: subaxillary, medial thorax (T6-T7) and lower rib (diaphragmatic) in maximal inspiration and expiration. Conclusions: A constant evolution is observed in most of the exposed cases. In cases where this evolution is not visible, a change in the breathing mode can be noticed, transforming from an upper rib breathing into a thoracic or abdominal breathing. With the exception of one case, all subjects had an improvement of the value in the lower rib level.

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