scholarly journals Beverages Based on Second Quality Citrus Fruits and Maqui Berry, a Source of Bioactive (Poly)phenols: Sorting Out Urine Metabolites upon a Longitudinal Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Vicente Agulló ◽  
Cristina García-Viguera ◽  
Raúl Domínguez-Perles
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Urine Metabolites ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Lower Extent ◽  
Isoferulic Acid ◽  
Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid ◽  
Maqui Berry

The intake of sugar-sweetened beverages has been associated with an augmented prevalence of metabolic diseases, namely, obesity, type II diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, nowadays, it is broadly accepted that foods and beverages rich in (poly)phenols could contribute to reducing the incidence of these pathologies. In this sense, the objective of the work was to revalue second quality citrus fruits for the development of new beverages, rich in anthocyanins and flavanones (maqui berry and second qualities citrus-based), and evaluate the influence of alternative sweeteners (sucralose, sucrose, or stevia), regarding the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of these bioactive compounds in the frame of a chronic (longitudinal) intervention. To fulfill this objective, a longitudinal study of the urinary excretion of anthocyanins and flavanones, after 2-months of ingestion of the developed maqui-citrus beverage, by 138 volunteers (n = 46 per beverage) and the analysis of the resulting phenolic metabolites by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS) was carried out. As major results, the bioavailable metabolites of caffeic acid (CA), catechol (CAT), 3,4-di-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (DHPAA), eriodictyol (E), homoeriodictyol (HE), hippuric acid (HA), naringenin (N), trans-ferulic acid (TFA), 2,4,6-tri-hydroxybenzaldehyde (THBA), trans-isoferulic acid (TIFA), and vanillic acid (VA) were detected. Accordingly, significantly different bioavailability was dependent on the sweetener used, allowing proposing stevia and, to a lower extent, sucralose, as valuable alternatives to sucrose.

scholarly journals Alternative Sweeteners Modify the Urinary Excretion of Flavanones Metabolites Ingested through a New Maqui-Berry Beverage

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Agulló ◽  
Raúl Domínguez-Perles ◽  
Diego A. Moreno ◽  
Pilar Zafrilla ◽  
Cristina García-Viguera
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Functional Beverages ◽  
Maqui Berry ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites

Dietary sugar has been largely related to the onset of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, among others. The growing awareness on the close relationship between the dietary habits and this health disturbance has encouraged the development of new beverages using alternative sweeteners that could contribute to combat the above referred pathophysiological disorders. To gain further insight into this issue, the present work, upon an acute dietary intervention, evaluated the urinary excretion of flavanones ingested through polyphenols-rich beverages composed of maqui berry and citrus, with the aim of establishing the highest urinary excretion rate and metabolite profiles. The functional beverages evaluated were supplemented with a range of sweeteners including sucrose (natural and high caloric), stevia (natural and non-caloric), and sucralose (artificial and non-caloric) as an approach that would allow reducing the intake of sugars and provide bioactive phenolics (flavanones). The juices developed were ingested by volunteers (n = 20) and the resulting flavanones and their phase II metabolites in urine were analyzed by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography ElectroSpray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). A total of 16 metabolites were detected: eriodyctiol, naringenin, and homoeriodyctiol derivatives, where peak concentrations were attained 3.5 h after beverage intake. Sucralose and stevia were the sweeteners that provided the highest urinary excretion for most compounds. Sucrose did not provide a remarkable higher elimination through urine of any compounds in comparison with sucralose or stevia. These results propose two alternative sweeteners to sucrose (sucralose and stevia), an overused, high caloric sweetener that promotes some metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Native Chilean Berries Preservation and In Vitro Studies of a Polyphenol Highly Antioxidant Extract from Maqui as a Potential Agent against Inflammatory Diseases

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 843
Author(s):  
Tamara Ortiz ◽  
Federico Argüelles-Arias ◽  
Belén Begines ◽  
Josefa-María García-Montes ◽  
Alejandra Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Colon Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Maqui Berry ◽  
Physiological Benefits

The best conservation method for native Chilean berries has been investigated in combination with an implemented large-scale extract of maqui berry, rich in total polyphenols and anthocyanin to be tested in intestinal epithelial and immune cells. The methanolic extract was obtained from lyophilized and analyzed maqui berries using Folin–Ciocalteu to quantify the total polyphenol content, as well as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) to measure the antioxidant capacity. Determination of maqui’s anthocyanins profile was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC-MS/MS). Viability, cytotoxicity, and percent oxidation in epithelial colon cells (HT-29) and macrophages cells (RAW 264.7) were evaluated. In conclusion, preservation studies confirmed that the maqui properties and composition in fresh or frozen conditions are preserved and a more efficient and convenient extraction methodology was achieved. In vitro studies of epithelial cells have shown that this extract has a powerful antioxidant strength exhibiting a dose-dependent behavior. When lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-macrophages were activated, noncytotoxic effects were observed, and a relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation response was demonstrated. The maqui extract along with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) have a synergistic effect. All of the compiled data pointed out to the use of this extract as a potential nutraceutical agent with physiological benefits for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

scholarly journals Obesity and Sugar-sweetened Beverages in African-American Preschool Children: A Longitudinal Study

Obesity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1262-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungwoo Lim ◽  
Jamie M. Zoellner ◽  
Joyce M. Lee ◽  
Brian A. Burt ◽  
Anita M. Sandretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

scholarly journals Beneficial Regulatory Effects of Polymethoxyflavone—Rich Fraction from Ougan (Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) Fruit on Gut Microbiota and Identification of Its Intestinal Metabolites in Mice

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 831
Author(s):  
Jiebiao Chen ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Tailin Zhu ◽  
Sijia Yang ◽  
Jinping Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
16S Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Main Components

Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are special flavonoids in citrus fruits that have been suggested to be beneficial to human health. However, whether PMFs in citrus fruit alter human gut microbiota is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of PMF-rich fraction from Ougan (Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima) on gut microbiota and evaluate the intestinal metabolic profile of PMFs in Institute of Cancer Research mice. The main components of the PMF-rich fraction were nobiletin, tangeretin, and 5-demethylnobiletin. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. The results showed that after oral administration, the composition of mice gut microbiota was significantly altered. The relative abundance of two probiotics, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, were found to increase significantly. A total of 21 metabolites of PMFs were detected in mice intestinal content by high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, and they were generated through demethylation, demethoxylation, hydroxylation, and glucuronidation. Our results provided evidence that PMFs have potential beneficial regulatory effects on gut microbiota that in turn metabolize PMFs, which warrants further investigation in human clinical trials.

scholarly journals Examination of Carbohydrate Products in Feces Reveals Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Exclusive and Nonexclusive Breastfeeding Practices in Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1051-1057
Author(s):  
Christopher L Ranque ◽  
Carol Stroble ◽  
Matthew J Amicucci ◽  
Diane Tu ◽  
Aly Diana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Triple Quadrupole ◽  
Good Discrimination ◽  
True Prevalence ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Potential Biomarkers ◽  
Tof Ms ◽  
Time Point

ABSTRACT Background The stable isotope deuterium dose-to-mother (DTM) technique to estimate nonbreast milk water intake demonstrates that maternal self-report methods of infant feeding overestimate the true prevalence of exclusively breastfeeding practices. Objective We aimed to determine potential monosaccharide and oligosaccharide markers that distinguish between exclusively breastfed (EBF) versus nonexclusively breastfed (non-EBF) infants utilizing LC-MS-based methods. Methods Data for the analysis were collected as part of a larger, longitudinal study of 192 breastfed Indonesian infants aged 2 mo and followed up at 5 mo. Feces samples were collected from infants aged 2 mo (n = 188) and 5 mo (n = 184). EBF and non-EBF strata at each time point were determined via the DTM technique. Feces samples were analyzed to determine monosaccharide content using ultra-high-performance LC-triple quadrupole MS (UHPLC-QqQ MS). Relative abundances of fecal oligosaccharides were determined using nano-LC-Chip-quadrupole time-of-flight MS (nano-LC-Chip-Q-ToF MS). Results At age 2 mo, monosaccharide analysis showed the abundance of fructose and mannose were significantly higher (+377% and +388%, respectively) in non-EBF compared with EBF infants (P <0.0001). Fructose and mannose also showed good discrimination with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 and 0.82, respectively. Oligosaccharide analysis showed that a 6-hexose (Hex6) isomer had good discrimination (AUC = 0.80) between EBF and non-EBF groups at 5 mo. Conclusion Carbohydrate products, particularly fecal mono- and oligosaccharides, differed between EBF and non-EBF infants aged under 6 mo and can be used as potential biomarkers to distinguish EBF versus non-EBF feeding practices.

Simultaneous Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Thiabendazole, o-Phenylphenol, and Diphenyl Residues in Citrus Fruits, Without Prior Cleanup

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1304
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Kitada ◽  
Michiko Sasaki ◽  
Kaoru Tanigawa
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Ultraviolet Detection ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A simple, rapid, efficient method has been developed for determining thiabendazole, o-phenylphenol, and diphenyl in citrus fruits by using high performance liquid chromatography, with fluorescence or ultraviolet detection. The compounds are extracted with ethyl acetate and separated from soluble fruit components on a LiChrosorb RP-8 column. Recovery of these compounds added to citrus fruits at 5 or 50 ppm levels was >93%; the limit of detection for the compounds is 1 ppm.

Differential genes and microbiota revealed by serum metabolomics of obese rats after intervention by Rhizoma Coptidis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhijun zeng ◽  
Kexing Luo ◽  
Jiri Mutu Zhang ◽  
Peng Ni ◽  
Wangping Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rhizoma Coptidis ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Serum Metabolomics ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background Integrating systems biology is an approach for investigating metabolic diseases in humans. However, few studies use this approach to investigate the mechanism by which Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) reduces the effect of glucose on high-fat induced obesity in rats. Methods Twenty-four specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Sprague-Dawley rats (80 ± 10 g) were used in this study. Serum metabolomics were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Liver tissue and cecum feces were used for RNA-Seq technology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Results We identified nine potential biomarkers, which are differential metabolites in the Control, Model and RC groups, including linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, stearic acid, and L-Alloisoleucine (p < 0.01). The liver tissue gene expression profile indicated the circadian rhythm pathway was significantly affected by RC (Q ≤ 0.05). A total of 149 and 39 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were highly associated with biochemical indicators and potential biomarkers in the cecum samples (FDR ≤ 0.05), respectively, were identified. Conclusions This work provides information to better understand the mechanism of the effect of RC intervention on the hypoglycemic effect in obese rats. The present study demonstrates that integrating systems biology may be a powerful tool to reveal the complexity of metabolic diseases in rats intervened by traditional Chinese medicine.

Abstract P124: Leisure Time Physical Activity and Cardio-metabolic Health: Results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Lin ◽  
Sheila Alvim ◽  
Isabela M Bensenor ◽  
Eduardo J Simoes ◽  
Paulo A Lotufo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Alternative Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Context: Physical inactivity and cardio-metabolic diseases are increasingly prevalent in Brazil, and preventive guidelines are urgently needed for physical activity (PA) promotion in Brazilian populations. Objective: To investigate the association between leisure time PA and cardio-metabolic health in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from 11,547 women and men aged 35-74 free of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the ELSA-Brasil. Data on PA was obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Physical activity status was defined according to the American Heart Association’s recommendation (at least 150 minutes/ week moderate activities or 75 minutes/week vigorous activities). Multivariable linear/logistic regression models were used to examine the sex-specific associations of leisure time PA with intermediate cardio-metabolic markers (systolic/dialectic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), heart frequency, and Framingham Risk Scores) and cardio-metabolic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, and predicted 10-year risk of CVD). We also conducted two sets of sensitivity analyses using 1) an alternative definition of PA (PA-related energy expenditure ≥ 1000 kilocalories/week) and 2) additional adjustment for education and income. Results: In total, 1,183 women and 1,387 men were classified as active. After taking into account multiple covariates, the favorable effects of leisure time PA on cardio-metabolic parameters were evident for both women and men (Table) . These associations did not change appreciably when the alternative definition of PA was used or additional socioeconomic variables were taken into account. Conclusion: We observed significant beneficial effects of leisure time PA on cardio-metabolic health in this large Brazilian population that are consistent with studies in high-income countries of North America and Europe.

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