Differential genes and microbiota revealed by serum metabolomics of obese rats after intervention by Rhizoma Coptidis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhijun zeng ◽  
Kexing Luo ◽  
Jiri Mutu Zhang ◽  
Peng Ni ◽  
Wangping Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rhizoma Coptidis ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Serum Metabolomics ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background Integrating systems biology is an approach for investigating metabolic diseases in humans. However, few studies use this approach to investigate the mechanism by which Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) reduces the effect of glucose on high-fat induced obesity in rats. Methods Twenty-four specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Sprague-Dawley rats (80 ± 10 g) were used in this study. Serum metabolomics were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Liver tissue and cecum feces were used for RNA-Seq technology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Results We identified nine potential biomarkers, which are differential metabolites in the Control, Model and RC groups, including linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, stearic acid, and L-Alloisoleucine (p < 0.01). The liver tissue gene expression profile indicated the circadian rhythm pathway was significantly affected by RC (Q ≤ 0.05). A total of 149 and 39 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were highly associated with biochemical indicators and potential biomarkers in the cecum samples (FDR ≤ 0.05), respectively, were identified. Conclusions This work provides information to better understand the mechanism of the effect of RC intervention on the hypoglycemic effect in obese rats. The present study demonstrates that integrating systems biology may be a powerful tool to reveal the complexity of metabolic diseases in rats intervened by traditional Chinese medicine.

scholarly journals Obese rats intervened with Rhizoma coptidis revealed differential gene expression and microbiota by serum metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Ji ◽  
Kexin Luo ◽  
Jiri Mutu Zhang ◽  
Peng Ni ◽  
Wangping Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Systems Biology ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Rhizoma Coptidis ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Serum Metabolomics ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background Integrating systems biology is an approach for investigating metabolic diseases in humans. However, few studies use this approach to investigate the mechanism by which Rhizoma coptidis (RC) reduces the effect of lipids and glucose on high-fat induced obesity in rats. Methods Twenty-four specific pathogen-free (SPF) male Sprague–Dawley rats (80 ± 10 g) were used in this study. Serum metabolomics were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Liver tissue and cecum feces were used for RNA-Seq technology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Results We identified nine potential biomarkers, which are differential metabolites in the Control, Model and RC groups, including linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, stearic acid, and L-Alloisoleucine (p < 0.01). The liver tissue gene expression profile indicated the circadian rhythm pathway was significantly affected by RC (Q ≤ 0.05). A total of 149 and 39 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were highly associated with biochemical indicators and potential biomarkers in the cecum samples (FDR ≤ 0.05), respectively, were identified. Conclusion This work provides information to better understand the mechanism of the effect of RC intervention on hyperlipidemia and hypoglycemic effects in obese rats. The present study demonstrates that integrating systems biology may be a powerful tool to reveal the complexity of metabolic diseases in rats intervened by traditional Chinese medicine.

Role of the spleen in the development of steatohepatitis in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 237 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Inoue ◽  
Koro Gotoh ◽  
Masataka Seike ◽  
Takayuki Masaki ◽  
Koichi Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Inflammatory State

Obesity is considered a systemic low-grade inflammatory state. Although the spleen is the main immune organ with a close anatomical relationship with the liver, its role in the progression of fatty liver disease remains uncertain. Therefore, we sought to clarify the functional role of the spleen in the development of steatohepatitis in high-fat (HF)-diet-induced obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed HF food and divided into two groups, a splenectomy (SPX) group and a sham-operation (Sham) group. The liver and abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) were removed one and six months after surgery, and we evaluated the effects of SPX on WAT and HF-induced fatty liver. SPX rats exhibited worse dyslipidemia and inflammatory changes in WAT one month after surgery. Hepatic steatosis and inflammation were accelerated by SPX, based on the time after surgery. At one month after surgery, the tissue triglyceride content increased in SPX rats, compared with Sham controls ( P < 0.05). The liver histology also showed a worsening of steatosis in those rats. At six months after SPX, dramatic inflammatory and fibrotic changes were observed in liver tissue sections. Hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 was suppressed at one and six months after SPX ( P < 0.05 for each). WAT and liver tissue levels of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor- α, and the expression of Kupffer cells were all increased at six months in SPX rats, compared with Sham controls ( P < 0.05 for each). Our results indicate that the preservation of the spleen contributes to the prevention of the progression of hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis in obese rats.

scholarly journals Rice Bran Reduces Weight Gain and Modulates Lipid Metabolism in Rats with High-Energy-Diet-Induced Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang ◽  
Huang ◽  
Ng ◽  
Lee ◽  
Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Rice Milling

Obesity has become an epidemic worldwide. It is a complex metabolic disorder associated with many serious complications and high morbidity. Rice bran is a nutrient-dense by product of the rice milling process. Asia has the world’s highest rice production (90% of the world’s rice production); therefore, rice bran is inexpensive in Asian countries. Moreover, the high nutritional value of the rice bran suggests its potential as a food supplement promoting health improvements, such as enhancing brain function, lowering blood pressure, and regulating pancreatic secretion. The present study evaluated the anti-obesity effect of rice bran in rats with high-energy diet (HED)-induced obesity. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into one of five diet groups (n = 10 per group) and fed the following for eight weeks: Normal diet with vehicle treatment, HED with vehicle, rice bran-0.5X (RB-0.5X) (2% wt/wt rice bran), RB-1.0X (4% wt/wt rice bran), and RB-2.0X (8% wt/wt rice bran). Rice bran (RB-1.0X and RB-2.0X groups) markedly reduced obesity, including body weight and adipocyte size. In addition, treating rats with HED-induced obesity using rice bran significantly reduced the serum uric acid and glucose as well as the liver triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). Furthermore, administration of an HED to obese rats significantly affected hepatic lipid homeostasis by increasing phosphotidylcholine (PC; 18:2/22:6), diacylglycerol (DG; 18:2/16:0), DG (18:2/18:1), DG (18:1/16:0), cholesteryl ester (CE; 20:5), CE (28:2), TG (18:0/16:0/18:3), and glycerol-1-2-hexadecanoate 3-octadecanoate. However, the rice bran treatment demonstrated an anti-adiposity effect by partially reducing the HED-induced DG (18:2/18:1) and TG (18:0/16:0/18:3) increases in obese rats. In conclusion, rice bran could act as an anti-obesity supplement in rats, as demonstrated by partially reducing the HED-induced DG and TG increases in obese rats, and thus limit the metabolic diseases associated with obesity and the accumulation of body fat and hepatic lipids in rats.

scholarly journals Acupuncture Regulating Gut Microbiota in Abdominal Obese Rats Induced by High-Fat Diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Wang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Cuimei Liang ◽  
Mingxing Su ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats

Objective. To investigate the effects of acupuncture on metabolic health and gut microbiota dysbiosis in diet-induced abdominal obese model. Materials and Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly distributed into normal chow diet (NCD) group and high-fat diet (HFD) group. After 12 weeks of HFD feeding, an abdominal obese rat model was established. The abdominal obese rats were further assigned to acupuncture group (n=7) and nontreated HFD group (n=7). Acupuncture was applied to bilateral GB 26 of rats for 8 weeks. Subsequently, the body weight, waist circumference (WC), visceral fat mass, and liver weight were measured weekly in all rats. Metabolic parameters such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and blood glucose were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer. The serum levels of insulin (INS) were determined using Rat INS ELISA Kit. Analysis of gut microbiota was carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results. Acupuncture decreased the body weight, WC, and visceral adipose tissues of HFD-induced abdominal obese rats. In addition, insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism were improved by this treatment. Furthermore, electroacupuncture effectively modified the composition of gut microbiota, mainly via decreasing Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing Prevotella_9 abundance. Conclusions. Electroacupuncture can ameliorate abdominal obesity and prevent metabolic disorders in HFD-induced abdominal obese rats, via the modulation of gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Age-related decline in the taurine content of the skin in rodents

Amino Acids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohisa Yoshimura ◽  
Yuki Inokuchi ◽  
Chikako Mutou ◽  
Takanobu Sakurai ◽  
Tohru Nagahama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Effects Of Aging

AbstractTaurine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, occurs at high concentrations in the skin, and plays a role in maintaining the homeostasis of the skin. We investigated the effects of aging on the content and localization of taurine in the skin of mice and rats. Taurine was extracted from the skin samples of hairless mice and Sprague Dawley rats, and the taurine content of the skin was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of the investigation revealed that the taurine content in both the dermis and epidermis of hairless mice declined significantly with age. Similar age-related decline in the skin taurine content was also observed in rats. In contrast, the taurine content in the sole remained unchanged with age. An immunohistochemical analysis also revealed a decreased skin taurine content in aged animals compared with younger animals, although no significant differences in the localization of taurine were observed between the two age groups. Supplementation of the drinking water of aged mice with 3% (w/v) taurine for 4 weeks increased the taurine content of the epidermis, but not the dermis. The present study showed for the first time that the taurine content of the skin decreased with age in mice and rats, which may be related to the impairment of the skin homeostasis observed with aging. The decreased taurine content of the epidermis in aged animals was able to be rescued by taurine supplementation.

scholarly journals Integrative Systems Biology Approaches to Identify Potential Biomarkers and Pathways of Cervical Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Arafat Rahman Oany ◽  
Mamun Mia ◽  
Tahmina Pervin ◽  
Salem Ali Alyami ◽  
Mohammad Ali Moni
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Systems Biology ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Target Identification ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Nowadays, cervical cancer (CC) is treated as the leading cancer among women throughout the world. Despite effective vaccination and improved surgery and treatment, CC retains its fatality rate of about half of the infected population globally. The major screening biomarkers and therapeutic target identification have now become a global concern. In the present study, we have employed systems biology approaches to retrieve the potential biomarkers and pathways from transcriptomic profiling. Initially, we have identified 76 of each up-regulated and down-regulated gene from a total of 4643 differentially expressed genes. The up-regulatory genes mainly concentrate on immune-inflammatory responses, and the down-regulatory genes are on receptor binding and gamma-glutamyltransferase. The involved pathways associated with these genes were also assessed through pathway enrichment, and we mainly focused on different cancer pathways, immunoresponse, and cell cycle pathways. After the subsequent enrichment of these genes, we have identified 12 hub genes, which play a crucial role in CC and are verified by expression profile analysis. From our study, we have found that genes LILRB2 and CYBB play crucial roles in CC, as reported here for the first time. Furthermore, the survivability of the hub genes was also assessed, and among them, finally, CXCR4 has been identified as one of the most potential differentially expressed genes that might play a vital role in the survival of CC patients. Thus, CXCR4 could be used as a prognostic and/or diagnostic biomarker and a drug target for CC.

Ranitidine as an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor in acute methanol toxicity in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A El-Bakary ◽  
Sahar A El-Dakrory ◽  
Sohayla M Attalla ◽  
Nawal A Hasanein ◽  
Hala A Malek
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Methanol Poisoning ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Methanol poisoning is a hazardous intoxication characterized by visual impairment and formic acidemia. The therapy for methanol poisoning is alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitors to prevent formate accumulation. Ranitidine has been considered to be an inhibitor of both gastric alcohol and hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. This study aimed at testing ranitidine as an antidote for methanol acute toxicity and comparing it with ethanol and 4-methyl pyrazole (4-MP). This study was conducted on 48 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each group (one negative control group [C1], two positive control groups [C2, C3] and three test groups [1, 2 and 3]). C2, C3 and all test groups were exposed to nitrous oxide by inhalation, then, C3 group was given methanol (3 g/kg orally). The three test groups 1, 2 and 3 were given ethanol (0.5 g/kg orally), 4-MP (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and ranitidine (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), respectively, 4 hours after giving methanol. Rats were sacrificed and heparinized, cardiac blood samples were collected for blood pH and bicarbonate. Non-heparinized blood samples were collected for formate levels by high performance liquid chromatography. Eye balls were enucleated for histological examination of the retina. Ranitidine corrected metabolic acidosis (p = .025), decreased formate levels (p = .014) and improved the histological findings in the retina induced by acute methanol toxicity.

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