scholarly journals A Positive Association of Overactivated Immunity with Metabolic Syndrome Risk and Mitigation of Its Association by a Plant-Based Diet and Physical Activity in a Large Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2308
Author(s):  
Sunmin Park ◽  
Ting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
High Hba1c

The association between immunity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been studied, but its interaction with lifestyles remains unclear. We studied their association and interactions with lifestyles in 40,768 adults aged over 40 years from a large-scale, hospital-based cohort study collected during 2010–2013. White blood cell counts (WBC) and serum C-reactive protein concentrations (CRP) were used as indexes of immune status. The participants were categorized into four groups by the cutoff points of 6.2 × 109/L WBC(L-WBC) and <0.5 mg/dL CRP(L-CRP): L-WBC+L-CRP(n = 25,604), H-WBC+L-CRP(n = 13,880), L-WBC+H-CRP(n = 464), and H-WBC+H-CRP(n = 820). The participants in the H-WBC+L-CRP were younger and had higher numbers of males than the L-WBC+L-CRP. MetS risk was higher by 1.75- and 1.86-fold in the H-WBC+L-CRP and H-WBC+H-CRP, respectively, than the L-WBC+L-CRP. MetS components, including plasma glucose and triglyceride concentrations, and SBP were elevated in H-WBC+L-CRP and H-WBC+H-CRP compared with L-WBC+L-CR+P. The risk of hyperglycemia and high HbA1c was the highest in the H-WBC+H-CRP among all groups. Areas of WBC counts and serum CRP concentrations were 0.637 and 0.672, respectively, in the receiver operating characteristic curve. Daily intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat was not significantly different in the groups based on WBC counts and CRP. However, a plant-based diet (PBD), physical activity, and non-smoking were related to lowering WBC counts and CRP, but a Western-style diet was linked to elevating CRP. A high PBD intake and smoking status interacted with immunity to influence MetS risk: a low PBD and current smoking were associated with a higher MetS risk in the H-WBC+H-CRP. In conclusion, overactivated immunity determined by CRP and WBC was associated with MetS risk. Behavior modification with PBD and physical activity might be related to immunity regulation.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in employees of various professional groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 674-680
Author(s):  
Olga A. Dyakovich
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Professional Stress ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Night Duty

A review of 47 studies evaluating the occurrence of metabolic syndrome among employees of different professional groups around the world was made. The influence of various factors of the professional environment (physical activity in the workplace, exposure to occupational stress, exposure to harmful toxicants) on the frequency of the syndrome and its components, considering gender, age and work experience. Analysis of the literature has shown that the characteristics of work activity affect the formation of the syndrome along with well - known risk factors-lifestyle, gender and age. Thus, in most cases, the frequency of metabolic syndrome in people who have mostly "sedentary" work is much higher than in other professional groups. It is proved that the risk of the syndrome is increased when exposed to certain chemicals that are in the air of the work area, even in small concentrations, as well as under unfavorable conditions of activity - shift work, night duty, professional stress. To improve the quality of life of employees and reduce economic and social costs, it is necessary to develop programs for the prevention and rehabilitation of people with this pathology, taking into account specific working conditions, while making adjustments for gender, age, social factors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, eating behavior, physical activity during and outside of work).

scholarly journals Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Young Japanese Adults in a 6-Year Cohort Study: The Uguisudani Preventive Health Large-Scale Cohort Study (UPHLS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Haruyama ◽  
Ayako Nakagawa ◽  
Kumiko Kato ◽  
Masayo Motoi ◽  
Toshimi Sairenchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Japanese Adults

scholarly journals Multiple measurements of the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio strongly related home hypertension: TMM Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mana Kogure ◽  
Takumi Hirata ◽  
Naoki Nakaya ◽  
Naho Tsuchiya ◽  
Tomohiro Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Home Blood Pressure ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ratio Measurement ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture ◽  
Multiple Measurements

Abstract Previous studies have reported a positive association between the urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio and hypertension, and multiple measurements of the casual urinary Na/K ratio are more strongly correlated with the 24-h urinary Na/K ratio than a single measurement. Multiple measurements of the urinary Na/K ratio might be more strongly associated with hypertension. We aimed to determine the association between multiple measurements of the casual urinary Na/K ratio and home hypertension compared with a single measurement. A population-based cross-sectional study was performed in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Subjects were over 20 years old and participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Cohort Study. We targeted 3273 subjects who borrowed home blood pressure (HBP) monitors and urinary Na/K ratio monitors for 10 consecutive days. The association between the urinary Na/K ratio and home hypertension (HBP ≥ 135/85 mmHg or under treatment for hypertension) was examined using multiple logistic regression models. To compare the prediction of home hypertension using multiple measurements with that using a single measurement, we calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Multiple measurements of the urinary Na/K ratio strongly related to home hypertension were better than 1 or 2 days of measurement (adjusted odds ratio of home hypertension per unit increase in urinary Na/K ratio over 6 days: 1.13–1.15). The AUROC of the urinary Na/K ratio measurement for home hypertension was stable after 5 days (AUROC = 0.779). In conclusion, multiple measurements of the urinary Na/K ratio are strongly related to home hypertension. This finding suggests that multiple measurements of the urinary Na/K ratio are useful for evaluating home hypertension.

scholarly journals Positive Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and the Risk of Osteoporosis: Results from the KoGES_Health Examinee (HEXA) Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Sun Kim ◽  
Cheongmin Sohn ◽  
Minji Kwon ◽  
Woori Na ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Osteoporosis Risk

Previous studies have found that diet’s inflammatory potential is related to various diseases. However, little is known about its relationship with osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and osteoporosis risk in a large-scale prospective cohort study in Korea. This prospective cohort study included 159,846 participants (men 57,740; women 102,106) from South Korea with a mean follow-up of 7.9 years. The DII was calculated through a validated semi-quantitative FFQ (SQFFQ), and information on osteoporosis was self-reported by the participants. Analyses were performed by using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. Higher DII scores were associated with higher osteoporosis risk (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.12–1.58). In women, a higher DII score indicated a higher risk of osteoporosis (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.11–1.59). However, a hazards ratio of similar magnitude in men was not significant (HR 1.32; 95% CI 0.64–2.71). Post-menopausal women had higher risks of osteoporosis for higher DII scores (HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.09–1.63), whereas among pre-menopausal women, the relationship was not statistically significant (HR 1.39; 95% CI 0.87–2.21). Also, there was an increase in osteoporosis risk when the DII increased among women participants with irregular physical activity (HR 1.53; 95% CI 1.17–2.01); however, there was no statistically significant increase in osteoporosis risk among women participants with regular physical activity (HR 1.19; 95% CI 0.93–1.52). A more pro-inflammatory diet was significantly associated with higher osteoporosis risk in women. Given the similar magnitude of the hazards ratio, studies with sufficient numbers of men are warranted.

scholarly journals Comparison of the General Dietary Habits and Lifestyle between Before and During COVID-19 among the Saudi Adult's Population in Riyadh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouf A. ALkharashi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: The global outbreak of COVID-19, for which there is few evidence-based effective vaccines or treatments available yet, has led to many attempts to find alternative options. Objective: This study aimed to compare the general dietary habits and lifestyle between before and during COVID-19 among the Saudi adult population in Riyadh Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, targeting the Riyadh population, from 16 May 2020 to 16 June 2020. The study comprised a structured questionnaire design that inquired demographic information examples include:(age, gender, place of residence, and health status); dietary habits information (daily intake of certain foods, food frequency, number of meals/days, and number of times drinking the tea and coffee); lifestyle habits information (physical activity, sleep quality, time that spend using the internet, social media and electronic devices for fun daily and stresses) using Google form. A total of 1,193 participants have been included in the study aged over 18 years. Results: During the COVID-19 period, a significant increase in the number of meals eaten daily, the number of times of fruits and vegetable intake, the number of sweets, cakes, and biscuits, the number of hours of sleep per day, the time using the internet and social media were observed more than at in the before COVID-19 pandemic period. However, the number of running exercise or physical activity were significantly reduced. Conclusion: In this study, the dietary and lifestyle habits have changed among the Saudis during the COVID-19 period. Future large-scale similar studies should be undertaken to confirm the results of the study.

scholarly journals Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio is positively related to type 2 diabetes in a large-scale adult population: a Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Guo ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Hongmei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

AimIt is widely known that inflammation is related to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but few studies have shown a direct relationship between the immune system and T2D using a reliable biomarker. Neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easy-to-analyze inflammation biomarker, but few studies have assessed the relationship between NLR and T2D. In order to evaluate how NLR is related to T2D, we designed a large-scale cross-sectional and prospective cohort study in an adult population.Subjects and methodsParticipants were recruited from the Tianjin Medical University General Hospital-Health Management Centre. Both a baseline cross-sectional (n=87 686) and a prospective (n=38 074) assessment were performed. Participants without a history of T2D were followed up for ∼6 years (with a median follow-up of 2.7 years). Adjusted logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess relationships between the quintiles of NLR and T2D (covariates: age, sex, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes).ResultsThe prevalence and incidence of T2D were 4.9% and 6.8/1000 person-years respectively. The adjusted odds ratio and hazard ratio (95% CI) of the highest NLR quintile were 1.34 (1.21, 1.49) and 1.39 (1.09, 1.78) (both P for trend <0.01) respectively as compared to the lowest quintile of NLR. Leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts do not significantly predict the eventual development of T2D.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that NLR is related to the prevalence and incidence of T2D, and it suggests that NLR may be an efficient and accurate prognostic biomarker for T2D.

scholarly journals Intensity versus duration of physical activity: implications for the metabolic syndrome. A prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. e001711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Hoegsbro Laursen ◽  
Ole P Kristiansen ◽  
Jacob Louis Marott ◽  
Peter Schnohr ◽  
Eva Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Independent effects of waist circumference and physical activity on all-cause mortality in Canadian women

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T Katzmarzyk ◽  
Cora L Craig
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Independent Effects

The purpose of this study was to determine the independent effects of waist circumference (WC) and physical inactivity on the risk of mortality in women. This prospective cohort study included 5421 female participants 20-69 years of age in the 1981 Canada Fitness Survey. WC was measured with an anthropometric tape and leisure-time physical activity levels over the previous 12 months were assessed with a questionnaire. Mortality surveillance was conducted by data linkage with the Canadian Mortality Database through 31 December, 1993. The hazard ratios (HR) of mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression with age, smoking status, and alcohol con sumption included as covariates in all models. A total of 225 deaths occurred over an average of 12.4 years of follow up (67 500 person-years of follow up). Physical activity (HR = 0.78; 95% C.I.: 0.64-0.95) and WC (HR = 1.17; 95% C.I.: 1.05-1.31) were associated with mortality when included in separate regression models. When included in the same model, both physical activity (HR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65-0.96) and WC (HR = 1.16; 95% C.I.: 1.04-1.30) remained independent significant predictors of mortality. In conclusion, physical inactivity and high WC have significant independent risks of premature mortality among women.Key words: death, obesity, cohort study, Canada Fitness Survey.

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