scholarly journals Dietary Micronutrients from Zygote to Senility: Updated Review of Minerals’ Role and Orchestration in Human Nutrition throughout Life Cycle with Sex Differences

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3740
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Farag ◽  
Samia Hamouda ◽  
Suzan Gomaa ◽  
Aishat A. Agboluaje ◽  
Mohamad Louai M. Hariri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
Action Mechanisms ◽  
Micronutrient Intake

Micronutrients such as selenium, fluoride, zinc, iron, and manganese are minerals that are crucial for many body homeostatic processes supplied at low levels. The importance of these micronutrients starts early in the human life cycle and continues across its different stages. Several studies have emphasized the critical role of a well-balanced micronutrient intake. However, the majority of studies looked into or examined such issues in relation to a specific element or life stage, with the majority merely reporting the effect of either excess or deficiency. Herein, in this review, we will look in depth at the orchestration of the main element requirements across the human life cycle beginning from fertility and pregnancy, passing through infancy, childhood, adolescence, and reaching adulthood and senility, with insight on the interactions among them and underlying action mechanisms. Emphasis is given towards approaches to the role of the different minerals in the life cycle, associated symptoms for under- or overdoses, and typical management for each element, with future perspectives. The effect of sex is also discussed for each micronutrient for each life stage as literature suffice to highlight the different daily requirements and or effects.

scholarly journals Universal relations for ultracold reactive molecules

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (51) ◽  
pp. eabd4699
Author(s):  
Mingyuan He ◽  
Chenwei Lv ◽  
Hai-Qing Lin ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Polar Molecules ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Density Correlation ◽  
Ultracold Polar Molecules ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
Many Body Systems

The realization of ultracold polar molecules in laboratories has pushed physics and chemistry to new realms. In particular, these polar molecules offer scientists unprecedented opportunities to explore chemical reactions in the ultracold regime where quantum effects become profound. However, a key question about how two-body losses depend on quantum correlations in interacting many-body systems remains open so far. Here, we present a number of universal relations that directly connect two-body losses to other physical observables, including the momentum distribution and density correlation functions. These relations, which are valid for arbitrary microscopic parameters, such as the particle number, the temperature, and the interaction strength, unfold the critical role of contacts, a fundamental quantity of dilute quantum systems, in determining the reaction rate of quantum reactive molecules in a many-body environment. Our work opens the door to an unexplored area intertwining quantum chemistry; atomic, molecular, and optical physics; and condensed matter physics.

A literature review exploring the role of technology in business survival during the Covid-19 lockdowns

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma S. Abed
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Business Survival ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Business Sectors

Purpose The Covid-19 pandemic has affected every aspect of human life. Even though the pandemic length was not too long, a huge volume of research relating to Covid-19 has been published in different contexts. This paper aims to review the literature investigating the impact of Covid −19 on businesses generally and explore studies examining the technology role of business survival during the Covid-19 lockdowns specifically. Design/methodology/approach This study implemented the concept of a systematic review approach to review the literature that has been conducted in the business field during the Covid-19 crisis in general. Additionally, it looks into the research examining the role of technology in business survival in the Covid-19 crisis specifically. All studies were conducted in 2020. A total of 53 studies were identified and categorised into different themes. The research methods, theories and locations have also been analysed. Findings It was found that Covid-19 pandemic has affected all business sectors in several ways. Technology adoption has a critical role for business survival during the Covid-19 crises especially with small businesses. Very limited research has been conducted on the adoption of different technologies during the Covid-19 lockdowns. Originality/value This study presents the most frequent themes and topics that have been explored in the literature during the Covid-19 crisis in the business field. It highlights the methods used in addition to the theories and research locations present in this literature. Finally, it proposes the possible implications of this literature review.

scholarly journals Going beyond Integration: The Emerging Role of HIV-1 Integrase in Virion Morphogenesis

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Elliott ◽  
Sebla B. Kutluay
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Host Chromosome ◽  
Virion Morphogenesis ◽  
Rna Genome ◽  
Hiv 1

The HIV-1 integrase enzyme (IN) plays a critical role in the viral life cycle by integrating the reverse-transcribed viral DNA into the host chromosome. This function of IN has been well studied, and the knowledge gained has informed the design of small molecule inhibitors that now form key components of antiretroviral therapy regimens. Recent discoveries unveiled that IN has an under-studied yet equally vital second function in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. This involves IN binding to the viral RNA genome in virions, which is necessary for proper virion maturation and morphogenesis. Inhibition of IN binding to the viral RNA genome results in mislocalization of the viral genome inside the virus particle, and its premature exposure and degradation in target cells. The roles of IN in integration and virion morphogenesis share a number of common elements, including interaction with viral nucleic acids and assembly of higher-order IN multimers. Herein we describe these two functions of IN within the context of the HIV-1 life cycle, how IN binding to the viral genome is coordinated by the major structural protein, Gag, and discuss the value of targeting the second role of IN in virion morphogenesis.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Thrombosis during Aging: The Roles of Oxidative Stress in RBCs in Venous Thrombosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4259
Author(s):  
Qinhong Wang ◽  
Rahima Zennadi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Membrane Structure And Function

Mid-life stage adults are at higher risk of developing venous thrombosis (VT)/thromboembolism (VT/E). Aging is characterized by an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could evoke a series of physiological changes involved in thrombosis. Here, we focus on the critical role of ROS within the red blood cell (RBC) in initiating venous thrombosis during aging. Growing evidence has shifted our interest in the role of unjustifiably unvalued RBCs in blood coagulation. RBCs can be a major source of oxidative stress during aging, since RBC redox homeostasis is generally compromised due to the discrepancy between prooxidants and antioxidants. As a result, ROS accumulate within the RBC due to the constant endogenous hemoglobin (Hb) autoxidation and NADPH oxidase activation, and the uptake of extracellular ROS released by other cells in the circulation. The elevated RBC ROS level affects the RBC membrane structure and function, causing loss of membrane integrity, and decreased deformability. These changes impair RBC function in hemostasis and thrombosis, favoring a hypercoagulable state through enhanced RBC aggregation, RBC binding to endothelial cells affecting nitric oxide availability, RBC-induced platelet activation consequently modulating their activity, RBC interaction with and activation of coagulation factors, increased RBC phosphatidylserine exposure and release of microvesicles, accelerated aging and hemolysis. Thus, RBC oxidative stress during aging typifies an ultimate mechanism in system failure, which can affect major processes involved in the development of venous thrombosis in a variety of ways. The reevaluated concept of the critical role of RBC ROS in the activation of thrombotic events during aging will help identify potential targets for novel strategies to prevent/reduce the risk for VT/E or VT/E recurrences in mid-life stage adults.

Role of Education in the Development of Spirituality and Community Empowerment: Lessons from the Approach of Prophet Muhammad (SAW)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-249
Author(s):  
Farooq Miiro ◽  
Siraje Abdallah Ssekamanya
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
To Come ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
Applied Knowledge

From time immemorial, education has been used to empower and develop communities through equipping them with knowledge and putting that knowledge to practical use. Applied knowledge led to the development of great civilizations. In Islam, Prophet Muhammad (SAW) used education to change the course of history. Even after his death, the Islamic civilization spread far and wide covering most parts of the world. The main element in the educational approach of prophet (SAW) was the development of spirituality. Through this, he converted the harshest Bedouin Arabs into an admirable generation. Morality became the foundation of society with brotherhood as the basis of individual responsibility towards one another. In doing so, the Prophet (SAW) endeavoured to impart practical knowledge that his disciples translated into a true appreciation of meaning of life, thereby transforming themselves and creating a civil society that became a model for generations to come. This paper is intended to unpack the education strategies and processes that Prophet Muhammad (SAW) used to transform human life and how Muslim scholars practiced and conveyed them to generation after generation until when the British introduced Western education leading to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.

scholarly journals PROBING THE PHASES OF QCD IN ULTRA-RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3777-3782 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVAN VITEV
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Relativistic Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Energy Physics

The status of RHIC theory and phenomenology is reviewed with an emphasis on the indications for the creation of a new deconfined state of matter. The critical role of high energy nuclear physics in the development of theoretical tools that address various aspects of the QCD many body dynamics is highlighted. The perspectives for studying nuclear matter under even more extreme conditions at the LHC and the overlap with high energy physics is discussed.

scholarly journals BHUTA YADNA SEBAGAI AJANG PELESTARIAN ALAM DI BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Human life can not be separated from the natural world around it. Nature is the main source of humans to connect the chain of life. Suber food basically comes from nature which is then processed in such a way by humans. That way, it is very necessary to have actions that are caring and conserving nature so that it is maintained. In Hinduism, there is the term Panca Yadnya which contains the worship or sacrifice which is done sincerely and sincerely from the heart. One of the elements of the five Yadnya is done to the Butha to preserve nature and harmony of human life during the world called the Bhuta Yadnya. In another sense, Bhuta Yadnya is an offering made with the welfare of plants. Of course this is also related to natural conditions which are an important component in supporting the survival of human life. The relationship between nature and humans is inseparable because the two are interrelated, therefore, it is necessary to have a reciprocal relationship in maintaining a balance between the two. In this paper, it explains about the role of the Panca Yadnya ceremony or the five types of sacrifices performed in Hindu beliefs, especially regarding the Bhuta Yad whose role is to preserve nature. In undergoing the life cycle of the world, humans play an important role in preserving the surrounding natural preservation.

Capabilities and Human Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Stewart ◽  
Gustav Ranis ◽  
Emma Samman
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Relational Capabilities

This chapter analyses the role of social institutions in advancing human development and capabilities. Social interactions are a quintessential part of human life, and their quantity and quality determine a person’s social or relational capabilities, which are an important dimension of human development. In addition, institutions and social capabilities are shown to play a critical role in advancing capabilities generally and shaping individual choice. They are therefore an important, and often neglected, influence over human development. As well as their instrumental role in enhancing capabilities, social institutions help shape individual preferences and behaviour so that individuals cannot be assumed to be fully autonomous in decisions about the nature of the lives they live. The chapter analyses the concept of social cohesion, as an important condition affecting human development. It concludes by analysing some policy implications arising from this analysis aimed at promoting well-functioning social institutions likely to advance human development.

scholarly journals ROLE OF AYURVEDA FOR BLISSFUL AGEING

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 392-397
Author(s):  
Anita Sahu ◽  
◽  
Kirti Sharma ◽  
S.r. Inchulkar ◽  
Yuvraj Kaushik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Art Of Living ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Psychological Condition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
The Right

Ageing is a part of life cycle. The ageing process involves multidimensional changes in physiological, pathological, social and psychological condition of a person and this change over from youth to death comprises of many painful, dependable episodes - that makes the human life miserable. According to Ayurveda Jara (ageing), being a Swabhavabala pravritta roga, occurs due to vyadhi-hetu called Kala/Parinam. The great maharshi like Charaka and Vagbhata named the very first chapter of their samhita granthas as Deerghanjivitiyam and Ayushkamiyam respectively. Ayurveda is the art of living life to get stress life. In Ayurveda considered Hitayu and Sukhayu concept. Hita being healthy living while Shukha is comfortable and Blissful life.Ayurveda emphasis on prevention and promotion for the maintenance of health through Hita-charyas,which includes Dincharya, Ratricharya Ritucharya for Ayu, Bala, Pusthi and Swasthya. Saddvrita, its aims to develop the right balance between mind and body for growth of a healthy life. Rasayan therapy, which destroy age related diseases and delaying ageing which helps in graceful ageing.Specific Aushadha Vargas like Vayasthapana, Jeevaniya, Brimhana, Vajeekaran and other group of drug are available, which maintain youthfulness. According to Ayurveda, Dhirghayu or longevity means complete balance in body, mind and soul associated with longevity, without this a person cannot enjoy the real benefit of longevity i.e. a state of permanent blissful and peace.

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