scholarly journals Assessment of Food Sources and the Intake of the Colourless Carotenoids Phytoene and Phytofluene in Spain

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4436
Author(s):  
Begoña Olmedilla-Alonso ◽  
Ana Benítez-González ◽  
Rocío Estévez-Santiago ◽  
Paula Mapelli-Brahm ◽  
Carla M. Stinco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Orange Color

Phytoene (PT) and phytofluene (PTF), colorless carotenoids, have largely been ignored in food science studies, food technology, and nutrition. However, they are present in commonly consumed foods and may have health-promotion effects and possible uses as cosmetics. The goal of this study is to assess the most important food sources of PT and PTF and their dietary intakes in a representative sample of the adult Spanish population. A total of 62 food samples were analyzed (58 fruit and vegetables; seven items with different varieties/color) and carotenoid data of four foods (three fruits and one processed food) were compiled. PT concentration was higher than that of PTF in all the foods analyzed. The highest PT content was found in carrot, apricot, commercial tomato juice, and orange (7.3, 2.8, 2.0, and 1.1 mg/100 g, respectively). The highest PTF level was detected in carrots, commercial tomato sauce and canned tomato, apricot, and orange juice (1.7, 1.2, 1.0, 0.6, and 0.04 mg/100 g, respectively). The daily intakes of PT and PTF were 1.89 and 0.47 mg/person/day, respectively. The major contributors to the dietary intake of PT (98%) and PTF (73%) were: carrot, tomato, orange/orange juice, apricot, and watermelon. PT and PTF are mainly supplied by vegetables (81% and 69%, respectively). Considering the color of the edible part of the foods analyzed (fruit, vegetables, sauces, and beverages), the major contributor to the daily intake of PT and PTF (about 98%) were of red/orange color.

scholarly journals Considerations for determining ‘optimal nutrition’ for copper, zinc, manganese and molybdenum

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L. Failla
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Zn Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cu And Zn

Defining optimal dietary intakes of Cu and Zn throughout the life cycle continues to present a considerable challenge for nutrition scientists. Although the daily intake of these micronutrients is below that currently recommended for many groups, traditional biochemical indicators of nutritional status for these trace metals largely remain within the normal range. Thus, it is unclear whether the recommended daily intakes may be unnecessarily high, or if the commonly-used markers simply lack the necessary sensitivity and specificity that are required for accurately assessing Cu and Zn status. The increasing number of reports that daily supplements with these trace metals enhance the activities of selective metalloenzymes and specific cellular and organ processes further points out the need to differentiate between meeting the requirement and providing optimal nutriture. Results from recent studies suggesting that alternative molecular and functional markers possess sufficient sensitivity to better assess Cu and Zn status are discussed. Likewise, recent studies evaluating the impact of very low and excessive levels of dietary Mn and Mo on selective biochemical and metabolic indicators are reviewed.

Determination of iodine in selected foods and diets by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujang Tinggi ◽  
Niikee Schoendorfer ◽  
Peter S. W. Davies ◽  
Pieter Scheelings ◽  
Henry Olszowy
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Daily Intakes

Iodine is an essential trace element, and its deficiency has caused concern in many countries. Foods are the principal source of iodine, and its levels are generally low. In this study, selected food items were obtained from food market outlets in Brisbane, Australia. Food samples of dietary intakes of selected healthy children in Brisbane, Australia, were also collected for analysis and assessment of iodine nutritional status. In Australia, there has been little study on iodine dietary intakes, particularly in young children. The aims of this study were to provide further information on iodine levels in foods for Australian food composition data, and to estimate the iodine daily intakes of selected healthy children. Food samples were analyzed for iodine concentrations using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after alkaline digestion with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), and the method was validated using a certified reference material of nonfat milk (NIST, SRM 1549). The results of this study indicated a wide variation of iodine in foodstuffs, which ranged from <0.02 to 0.101 mg/kg for cereals, 87 to 299 μg/kg for milk, and 86 to 271 μg/kg for cheese products. The study also showed that the daily intakes of iodine in these children (n= 15) varied widely and ranged from 36.9 to 288.1 μg/day (mean ± s.d, 93.1 ± 76.7 μg/day).

Exposure assessment of metal intakes from drinking water relative to those from total diet in Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2694-2701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Ohno ◽  
Kohei Ishikawa ◽  
Yuki Kurosawa ◽  
Yoshihiko Matsui ◽  
Taku Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Daily Intakes

Daily intakes of 17 metals (boron, aluminium, chromium, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, antimony, lead, uranium, magnesium, calcium, and iron) via drinking water and total diet were investigated in six cities in Japan. The daily metal intakes were estimated and compared with tolerable daily intake (TDI) values proposed by the WHO or Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives for toxic metals and with recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) or adequate intake (AI) values proposed for essential metals by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Among the 13 toxic metals, mean dietary intakes of 10 (except arsenic, selenium, and molybdenum) were less than 50% of TDI, suggesting that for these 10 metals the allocation of intake to drinking water in establishing guidelines or standards could possibly be increased from the normal allocation of 10–20% of TDI. For the 13 toxic metals, the contribution of drinking water to TDI was 2% or less in all six cities. Mean dietary intakes of the essential elements magnesium, calcium, and iron were less than the RDA or AI values. Drinking water did not contribute much to essential metal intake, accounting for less than 10% of RDA or AI.

scholarly journals FODMAP Intake in Spanish Population: Open Approach for Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5882
Author(s):  
Jonatan Miranda ◽  
Maialen Vázquez-Polo ◽  
Gesala Pérez-Junkera ◽  
María del Pilar Fernández-Gil ◽  
María Ángeles Bustamante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols’ (FODMAP) were related with intestinal complications. The present study aimed to determine the FODMAP consumption of Spanish children, adolescents and adults, analyzing the real FODMAP risk of foods, and to set an open methodology for the measurement of this intake in other regions as well as nutrient intake assurance. Total fructan analysis was performed analytically in eighty-seven food samples. Daily intake of FODMAPs, fiber and micronutrients was calculated by combining the food composition for selected fermentable carbohydrates with the national food consumption stratified by age in an open software. Spanish child and adolescent total FODMAP consumption was settled as 33.4 ± 92.4 and 27.3 ± 69.0 g/day, respectively. Both intakes were higher than that of the adult population (21.4 ± 56.7 g/day). The most important food sources of lactose, excess of fructose and total fructan, considering their content and dietary intake were different between age groups. The contribution of these foods to dietary calcium and fiber and the consequent risk of deficiency if they are withdrawn was highlighted. We demonstrated the relevance of stratifying the total FODMAP intake by age. An open approach for FODMAP intake quantification and nutrient control was provided.

scholarly journals Investigation of Some Metals in Leaves and Leaf Extracts of Lippia javanica: Its Daily Intake

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanda Artwell ◽  
Ncube France ◽  
Kunsamala Florence
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Recommended Dietary Allowances ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Consumption of plant extracts can be a source of essential elements or a route of human exposure to toxicants. Metal concentrations in leaves, leaf brew, and infusion of L. javanica collected from five sites were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after acid and aqueous extraction. Estimated daily intakes of metals in extracts were compared with recommended dietary allowances. Total metal concentrations in leaves varied with sampling sites (p<0.05): Mn > Fe > Cu > Cr > Pb for sites SS2–SS5. The highest metal concentrations in leaves were recorded for SS3 (Cu: 15.32±4.53 and Mn: 734.99±105.49), SS5 (Fe: 210.27±17.17), SS2 (Pb: 3.11±0.21), and SS4 (Cr: 4.40±0.75 mg/kg). Leaf infusion appeared to release higher Cu and Mn concentrations in leaves across sites (Cu: 21.65; Mn: 28.01%) than leaf brew (Cu: 11.95; Mn: 19.74%). Lead was not detected in leaf extracts. Estimated dietary intakes of Cr, Cu, Fe, and Mn were below recommended dietary allowances. A 250 ml cup of leaf infusion contributed 0.30–1.18% Cu and 4.46–13.83% Mn to the recommended dietary allowances of these elements per day. Lead did not pose any potential hazard when consumed in tea beverage made from brew and infusion of leaves of L. javanica.

scholarly journals Oxytetracycline and penicillin-G residues in cattle slaughtered in south-western Nigeria: Implications for livestock disease management and public health

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hezekiah K. Adesokan ◽  
Charity A. Agada ◽  
Victoria O. Adetunji ◽  
Ibikunle M. Akanbi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Slaughter Cattle

After the discovery of indiscriminate antibiotic use in ready-for-slaughter cattle in south-western Nigeria, 90 tissue samples from randomly selected slaughtered cattle were evaluated for oxytetracycline and penicillin-G residues using high performance liquid chromatography and the data analysed by one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed residues of oxytetracycline (kidney: 9.47 µ/kg ± 3.24 µ/kg; liver: 12.73 µ/kg ± 4.39 µ/kg; muscle: 16.17 µ/kg ± 5.52 µ/kg) and penicillin-G (kidney: 6.27 µ/kg ± 2.46 µ/kg; liver: 8.5 µ/kg ± 2.80 µ/kg; muscle: 11.67 µ/kg ± 2.94 µ/kg) in all tissues screened. Significantly high levels (oxytetracycline: F = 16.77; penicillin-G: F = 29.38) were, however, found in muscles, followed by liver and then kidney – findings confirming recent antibiotic administration to the animals before slaughter. The dietary intakes through the tissues screened were 0.024% (oxytetracycline) and 0.017% (penicillin-G) of the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Although the concentrations in the tissues screened were below the maximum residue limits despite recent administration of these antibiotics before slaughter, the lower concentrations are suggestive of the probable low dosages often administered by those involved in indiscriminate use of antibiotics. This therefore raises serious concerns for the livestock industry as well as human health, given the resultant emergence and spread of resistant strains of bacterial pathogens that could ensue from prolonged use of low dosages of antibiotics. Additionally, the lower concentrations of the daily intakes notwithstanding, the plausible exposure to these antibiotics from other food sources is a cause for concern. Since antimicrobial misuse and its consequent effects are not just a problem limited to Nigeria but also a concern in sub-Saharan Africa, the need for national and international stakeholder intervention is emphasised.

Detection of gluten in duplicate portions to determine gluten intake of coeliac disease patients on a gluten-free diet

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
H. J. van der Fels-Klerx ◽  
N. G. E. Smits ◽  
M. G. E. G. Bremer ◽  
J. M. Schultink ◽  
M. M. Nijkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Gluten Analysis ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Daily Intakes

Abstract This study determined the gluten content of foods and meals consumed by coeliac disease (CD) patients who adhere to a gluten-free diet, and to estimate the total daily intake of gluten of these patients. CD patients fulfilling defined inclusion criteria were preselected and approached for participation in the study. Duplicate portions (DP) of foods and mixed dishes were collected from the CD patients for evaluating complete daily food intake during two individual days. Also, for these days, written food records were completed by the participants. From each DP, a laboratory sample was prepared and analysed for its gluten concentration and total daily gluten intake was calculated. Each individual’s total daily intakes of energy and macronutrients were calculated using the Dutch food composition database. In total, twenty-seven CD patients participated, seven males and twenty females, aged between 21 and 64 years. In thirty-two (6 %) of 499 food samples collected in total, more than 3 mg/kg gluten was present. In four of these thirty-two samples, the gluten concentration was above the European legal limit of 20 mg/kg and three of the four samples had a gluten-free label. The maximal gluten intake was 3·3 mg gluten/d. The gluten tolerance for sensitive CD patients (>0·75 mg/d) was exceeded on at least six out of fifty-four study days. To also protect these sensitive CD patients, legal thresholds should be re-evaluated and the detection limit of analytical methods for gluten analysis lowered.

scholarly journals Food sources, energy and nutrient intakes of adults: 2013 Philippines National Nutrition Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imelda Angeles-Agdeppa ◽  
Ye Sun ◽  
Liya Denney ◽  
Keith V. Tanda ◽  
Royce Ann D. Octavio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
National Nutrition Survey ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Daily Intakes

Abstract Background Comprehensive assessment of dietary intakes of foods and nutrients in Filipino adults are lacking. This study evaluated energy and nutrient intakes and food sources of key nutrients consumed by Filipino adults. Methods The participants were from the 2013 National Nutrition Survey wherein food intake of young adults aged 19–49 years (n = 12,896) and older adults aged 50 years and above (n = 7853) were collected using 24-h recalls. Usual nutrient intakes were estimated using PC-SIDE program. The Philippines Dietary Reference Intakes were used to calculate proportions of inadequate intake using Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR). Energy adequacy was evaluated using the Institute of Medicine (IOM) equation for Estimated Energy Requirements (EER). Results The nutrient intakes with the highest prevalence of inadequacy (> 50%) were: iron (97–99%), vitamin C (96–98%), calcium (95–98%), riboflavin (86–91%), folate (89–90%), thiamine (73–89%), energy (67–70%), total fat (55–67%), and vitamin A (54–56%). Refined rice, pork and breads contributed most to daily intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrates, thiamine, riboflavin, and iron. Low intake of vegetables, fruits and dairy was common in both age groups. Conclusions This study demonstrated that intakes of many nutrients were markedly inadequate among adults in the Philippines, due to the rice-dominant dietary pattern with few nutrient-dense foods. These results can be used to support the development of specific interventions to improve the shortfalls in nutrient intakes.

scholarly journals Bisphenol A and Its Analogues in Chinese Total Diets: Contaminated Levels and Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Kai Yao ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Yunfeng Zhao ◽  
Jianzhong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Exposure Levels

Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues (BPs) are suspected posing potential endocrine disrupting properties. They might migrate into foodstuffs through food packaging materials or contaminated water and soil. Dietary exposure is of paramount importance way for human health. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) lowered the value of tolerable daily intake (TDI) from 50 μg/kg bw/day (d) to a temporary (t) TDI (t-TDI) of 4 μg/kg bw/d. In this study, the Chinese total dietary samples were analyzed for assessing the exposure risk of BPs by diets. BPA, bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) were found in 12 kinds of food samples except for bisphenol B (BPB). A deterministic approach was used to calculate the dietary intakes of 4 kinds of compounds. For different age and gender groups, the exposure levels of BPA (178.440-403.672 ng/kg bw/d) was the highest, followed by BPS (21.372-52.112 ng/kg bw/d), BPF (20.641-50.507 ng/kg bw/d), and BPAF (0.434-1.210 ng/kg bw/d). Based on the t-TDI set by EFSA (4 μg/kg bw/d for BPA), the BPs through dietary intake pose low risks on the Chinese general population even summarization exposure levels of different BPs. However, human can be exposed to multiple endocrine disrupting chemicals rather than BPs alone; combined exposure risks should be further considered.

scholarly journals Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) intakes and food sources in 18–64-year-old Irish adults

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Duggan ◽  
Kevin D. Cashman ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Caroline Bolton-Smith ◽  
Máiréad Kiely
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
The North

AbstractDietary vitamin K1(phylloquinone) levels that are sufficient to maintain normal blood coagulation may be sub-optimal for bone, and habitual low dietary intakes of vitamin K may have an adverse effect on bone health. The objective of the present study was to measure the intake and adequacy of phylloquinone intake and the contribution of foods to phylloquinone intake in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults. The North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey database was used, which contains data collected using a 7 d food diary in a randomly selected sample of Irish adults aged 18–64 years (n1379; 662 men and 717 women). Phylloquinone intakes were estimated using recently compiled food composition data for phylloquinone. The mean daily intake of phylloquinone from food sources was 79 (sd 44) μg. Intakes were significantly higher (P>0·001) in men than in women at levels of 84 and 75quest;μgsol;d. The main contributors to phylloquinone intakes were vegetables (48%), particularly green vegetables (26%). Potatoes (including chipped and fried potatoes), dairy products and fat spreads contributed 10% each and meat contributed 8%. In men, social class and smoking status influenced phylloquinone intakes. Of the population, 52% had phylloquinone intakes below 1 μg/kg body weight and only 17% of men and 27% of women met the US adequate intakes of 120 and 90 μg/d, respectively. The present study shows that habitual phylloquinone intakes in Irish adults are low, which may have implications for bone health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document