scholarly journals American Ginseng Attenuates Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage via the Modulation of Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammatory Adaptation in Males

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Ching-Hung Lin ◽  
Yi-An Lin ◽  
Shu-Li Chen ◽  
Mei-Chich Hsu ◽  
Cheng-Chen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
American Ginseng ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is characterized by a reduction in functional performance, disruption of muscle structure, production of reactive oxygen species, and inflammatory reactions. Ginseng, along with its major bioactive component ginsenosides, has been widely employed in traditional Chinese medicine. The protective potential of American ginseng (AG) for eccentric EIMD remains unclear. Twelve physically active males (age: 22.4 ± 1.7 years; height: 175.1 ± 5.7 cm; weight: 70.8 ± 8.0 kg; peak oxygen consumption [V˙O2peak] 54.1 ± 4.3 mL/kg/min) were administrated by AG extract (1.6 g/day) or placebo (P) for 28 days and subsequently challenged by downhill (DH) running (−10% gradient and 60% V˙O2peak). The levels of circulating 8-iso-prostaglandin F 2α (PGF2α), creatine kinase (CK), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α, and the graphic pain rating scale (GPRS) were measured before and after supplementation and DH running. The results showed that the increases in plasma CK activity induced by DH running were eliminated by AG supplementation at 48 and 72 h after DH running. The level of plasma 8-iso-PGF2α was attenuated by AG supplementation immediately (p = 0.01 and r = 0.53), 2 h (p = 0.01 and r = 0.53) and 24 h (p = 0.028 and r = 0.45) after DH running compared with that by P supplementation. Moreover, our results showed an attenuation in the plasma IL-4 levels between AG and P supplementation before (p = 0.011 and r = 0.52) and 72 h (p = 0.028 and r = 0.45) following DH running. Our findings suggest that short-term supplementation with AG alleviates eccentric EIMD by decreasing lipid peroxidation and promoting inflammatory adaptation.

Effects of an antioxidant vitamin mixture on lipid peroxidation at rest and postexercise

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 965-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Kanter ◽  
L. A. Nolte ◽  
J. O. Holloszy
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Antioxidant Supplement ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Pentane Production ◽  
Vitamin Mixture

We studied the effects of ingesting an antioxidant vitamin mixture for 6 wk on breath pentane and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels before and after exercise. Twenty young (mean age 25.0 +/- 2.9 yr) healthy males were randomly assigned to either an antioxidant vitamin group (daily doses of 592 mg of alpha-tocopherol equivalents, 1,000 mg of ascorbic acid, and 30 mg of beta-carotene) or a placebo group. Exercise consisted of 30 min of treadmill running at 60% of maximal O2 consumption (VO2max) followed by 5 min of running at a pace that elicited approximately 90% of VO2max. Blood and breath samples were collected immediately after the two exercise bouts. The antioxidant supplement did not prevent the exercise-induced increase in lipid peroxidation, as reflected by the rate of pentane production and the increase in serum MDA concentration. However, ingestion of the antioxidant vitamins did result in significantly lower resting and postexercise levels of expired pentane and serum MDA. We conclude that taking ascorbate, alpha-tocopherol, and beta-carotene in the amounts used in this study serves to lower markers of lipid peroxidation at rest and after exercise but does not prevent the exercise-induced increase in oxidative stress.

Effects of vitamin E supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress: a meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1029-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahan Stepanyan ◽  
Melissa Crowe ◽  
Nagaraja Haleagrahara ◽  
Bruce Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Selection Of

Tocopherols (commonly referred to as “vitamin E”) are frequently studied antioxidants in exercise research. However, the studies are highly heterogeneous, which has resulted in contradicting opinions. The aim of this review is to identify similar studies investigating the effects of tocopherol supplementation on exercise performance and oxidative stress and to perform minimally biased qualitative comparisons and meta-analysis. The literature search and study selection were performed according to Cochrane guidelines. A 2-dimensional study execution process was developed to enable selection of similar and comparable studies. Twenty relevant studies were identified. The high variability of study designs resulted in final selection of 6 maximally relevant studies. Markers of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and muscle damage (creatine kinase) were the 2 most frequently and similarly measured variables. Meta comparison showed that tocopherol supplementation did not result in significant protection against either exercise-induced lipid peroxidation or muscle damage. The complex antioxidant nature of tocopherols and low accumulation rates in muscle tissues could underlie an absence of protective effects.

The benefit of a supplement with the antioxidant melatonin on redox status and muscle damage in resistance-trained athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 700-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto C. Leonardo-Mendonça ◽  
Javier Ocaña-Wilhelmi ◽  
Tomás de Haro ◽  
Carlos de Teresa-Galván ◽  
Eduardo Guerra-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Exercise Induced

Previous data showed that the administration of high doses of melatonin improved the circadian system in athletes. Here, we investigated in the same experimental paradigm whether the antioxidant properties of melatonin has also beneficial effects against exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage in athletes. Twenty-four athletes were treated with 100 mg·day−1 of melatonin or placebo 30 min before bedtime during 4 weeks in a randomized double-blind scheme. Exercise intensity was higher during the study that before starting it. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment, and plasma was used for oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitrite plus nitrate (NOx), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) determinations. Glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulphide (GSSG) levels, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reductase (GRd) activities, were measured in erythrocytes. Melatonin intake increased ORAC, reduced LPO and NOx levels, and prevented the increase of AOPP, compared to placebo group. Melatonin was also more efficient than placebo in reducing GSSG·GSH−1 and GPx·GRd−1 ratios. Melatonin, but not placebo, reduced creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and total cholesterol levels. Overall, the data reflect a beneficial effect of melatonin treatment in resistance-training athletes, preventing extra- and intracellular oxidative stress induced by exercise, and yielding further skeletal muscle protection against exercise-induced oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on muscle damage after a prolonged run

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1340-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Knitter ◽  
L. Panton ◽  
J. A. Rathmacher ◽  
A. Petersen ◽  
R. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Ldh Activity ◽  
Lower Treatment ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study examined the effects of supplemental β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on muscle damage as a result of intense endurance exercise. Subjects ( n = 13) were paired according to their 2-mile run times and past running experience. Each pair was randomly assigned a treatment of either HMB (3 g/day) or a placebo. After 6 wk of daily training and supplementation, all subjects participated in a prolonged run (20-km course). Creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were measured before and after a prolonged run to assess muscle damage. The placebo-supplemented group exhibited a significantly greater (treatment main effect, P = 0.05) increase in creatine phosphokinase activity after a prolonged run than did the HMB-supplemented group. In addition, LDH activity was significantly lower (treatment main effect, P = 0.003) with HMB supplementation compared with the placebo-supplemented group. In conclusion, supplementation with 3.0 g of HMB results in a decreased creatine phosphokinase and LDH response after a prolonged run. These findings support the hypothesis that HMB supplementation helps prevent exercise-induced muscle damage.

Quantification of ultrastructural damage in human skeletal muscle

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
T. G. Manfredi ◽  
W. Ding ◽  
W. J. Evans ◽  
R. A. Fielding ◽  
J. G. Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cellular Markers ◽  
Exercise Induced

Qualitative microscopic analysis of muscle architecture provides information about cellular markers of muscle fiber disruption in myopathic, aging, and experimentally damaged muscle. However, this approach does not provide sensitive information regarding the extent of muscle damage and has serious limitations when research protocols address tissue remodeling. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the extent of muscle damage in young and older adults before and after exercise-induced damage. The older adults in this study had lower aerobic capacities and muscle mass than their younger counterparts, suggesting greater vulnerability toward muscle damage produced by physiologic stress.Five young males, ages 20 to 29 years and five older males, age 60 to 75 years had percutaneous needle biopsies taken from the vastis lateralis muscle before and after (N=9) exercise consisting of reverse cycling or downhill treadmill running at a prescribed physiologic effort. Muscle samples were prefixed in 3.0% gluteraldehyde in cacodylate buffer and post-fixed in VL OSO4. This was followed by routine procedures for TEM.

Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Exercise Performance, VO2max, and Lipid Peroxidation in Trained Cyclists

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Braun ◽  
Priscilla M. Clarkson ◽  
Patty S. Freedson ◽  
Randall L. Kohl
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intense Training ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The effects of dietary supplementation with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQlO), a reputed performance enhancer and antioxidant, on physiological and biochemical parameters were examined. Ten male bicycle racers performed graded cycle ergometry both before and after being given 100 mg per day CoQlO or placebo for 8 weeks. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference between groups for postsupplementation serum CoQ10. Although both groups demonstrated training related improvements in all physiological parameters over the course of the study, there were no significant differences between the two groups (p>.05). Both groups showed a 21 % increase in serum MDA (an index of lipid peroxidation) after the presupplementation exercise test. After 8 weeks this increase was only 5 % , and again was identical for both groups. Supplementation with CoQlO has no measurable effect on cycling performance,, submaximal physiological parameters, or lipid peroxidation. However, chronic intense training seems to result in marked attenuation of exercise-induced lipid peroxidation.

INFLUENCE OF A LOW-DOSE COX-2 INHIBITOR DRUG ON EXERCISE-INDUCED INFLAM-MATION, MUSCLE DAMAGE AND LIPID PEROXIDATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faegheh Khoshkhahesh ◽  
Marefat Siahkuhain ◽  
Gordon Fisher ◽  
Babak Nakhostin-Roohi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Inhibitor Drug ◽  
Exercise Induced

Vitamin E does not prevent exercise-induced increase in pulmonary clearance

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 2219-2223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Lorino ◽  
M. Paul ◽  
L. Cocea ◽  
M. Scherrer-Crosbie ◽  
E. Dahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Epithelial Permeability ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Pulmonary Clearance ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lung Epithelial Permeability ◽  
Exercise Induced

It has been observed that sustained exercise results in a prolonged increase in alveolar epithelial permeability, as assessed by the pulmonary clearance rate of aerosolized 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (Lorino et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 67: 2055–2059, 1989). The involvement of lipid peroxidation in this increased permeability was tested in seven nonsmoking volunteers by comparing the exercise-induced increases in pulmonary 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate clearance before and after a 3-wk supplementation with oral vitamin E (1,000 IU/day), according to a protocol designed as a single-blind crossover study. The 60-min exercise was performed on a treadmill at a constant load corresponding to 80% of maximal O2 uptake. Administration of vitamin E, a very important antioxidant, did not reduce the exercise-induced increase in lung clearance, suggesting that the exercise-induced increase in lung epithelial permeability does not primarily result from the occurrence of lipid peroxidation in the alveolar membrane. This result thus corroborates the hypothesis of an alteration of the intercellular tight junctions due to the mechanical effects of hyperventilation.

scholarly journals Effects of Transdermal Methylsulfonylmethane on Muscle Damage and Recovery Following Eccentric Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Hyeon-deok Jo ◽  
Choun-sub Kim ◽  
Maeng-kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Transdermal Application ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced

PURPOSE:The present study aimed to investigate the effects of transdermal application of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) on muscle damage and recovery following eccentric exercise in young men.METHODS: Eleven college-aged men without any cardiovascular or orthopedic disorders underwent two sessions consisting of a control session (CS) and an experimental session (ES) in a random order with at least 2 weeks of wash-out between the sessions. The participants performed 30 maximal eccentric exercises involving their non-dominant elbow flexors in each session. Circumference, muscle soreness, range of motion, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), and muscular echo intensity (EI) were measured to evaluate the changes in the level of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). All measurements were performed at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after exercise and also immediately before and after exercise.RESULTS:Transdermal application of MSM in ES attenuated muscle swelling and decreased MVIC after eccentric exercise when compared with CS. Muscle soreness and EI tended to increase less rapidly and decrease more rapidly in ES than in CS.CONCLUSIONS: Transdermal application of MSM may induce relatively positive effects on EIMD and recovery following eccentric exercise when compared with the treatment that has been widely used previously.

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