scholarly journals Influence of a Nutrigenetic Intervention on Self-Efficacy, Emotions, and Rewarding Behaviors in Unhealthy Eating among Mexicans: An Exploratory Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Ingrid Rivera-Iñiguez ◽  
Arturo Panduro ◽  
Sergio Javier Villaseñor-Bayardo ◽  
Maricruz Sepulveda-Villegas ◽  
Claudia Ojeda-Granados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
High Level

The Genome-based Mexican (GENOMEX) diet is a strategy for preventing and managing obesity. Emotion and eating behavior in the context of a nutrigenetic intervention have not been thoroughly studied. We aimed to explore the influence of the GENOMEX diet on emotions, self-efficacy, and rewarding behaviors in unhealthy eating among subjects with risk factors for obesity-related chronic diseases. Twenty-eight subjects included in the six-month GENOMEX intervention answered questions regarding emotions that influence food consumption. Additionally, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Reward-based eating drive scale (RED) were applied. In the study, minimal, mild, moderate, and severe depression were present in 46.4%, 39.3%, 10.7%, and 3.6%, respectively. RED did not change, but it correlated with a higher intake of fats (r2 = 0.684, β = 2.066, p = 0.003). Mood influenced unhealthy eating in 71.7% of subjects, and 76.9% experienced binge episodes triggered by anxiety. Sugars were the most consumed foods during binge episodes (42.2%). Both low self-efficacy levels and binge episodes were associated with high consumption of unhealthy foods. After the intervention, 10.7% of subjects reported a high level of self-efficacy. In conclusion, a culturally acceptable and genetically compatible regional Mexican food diet reduced negative emotions and unhealthy eating while increasing self-efficacy.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on Using the Patient Health Questionnaire in the Primary Care Setting in Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Waza ◽  
Graham Antonnette ◽  
Zyzanski Stephen ◽  
Kazuo Inoue ◽  
Masato Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Primary Care Setting ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health

Mindfulness and Acceptance–Based Group Therapy: An Uncontrolled Pragmatic Pre–Post Pilot Study in a Heterogeneous Population of Female Prisoners

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 2572-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben J. Riley ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Michael F. Baigent
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Patient Health

The rate of females imprisoned worldwide has increased by more than 50% during the last two decades, with recent figures suggesting that, worldwide, the female prison population may still be increasing at a faster rate than males. Despite prevalence rates for psychiatric conditions among female prisoners being significantly higher than males, there is a particular lack of programs specifically designed for women. This preliminary study evaluates the initial effectiveness of a mindfulness and acceptance–based group program in an uncontrolled pragmatic pilot study of a heterogeneous group of incarcerated women with a range of mental health issues. Participants were 59 incarcerated women who engaged in a 10-session group program. Outcome measures comprised the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, and three screening tools derived from the full version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), to measure depression, binge eating (Patient Health Questionnaire–Binge Eating Disorder [PHQ-ED]), and somatoform disorders (PHQ-15). Results of linear mixed modelling showed improvements in mindfulness and acceptance, and reductions in depression, anxiety, and somatoform symptoms. Furthermore, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) was shown to be an acceptable and feasible intervention for female Indigenous Australian prisoners. A mindfulness and acceptance–based group approach appears to be feasible and acceptable in a prison environment for a female prisoners with a range of mental health symptomatology.

Depression Diagnostic of Patient Health Questionnaire-9: Pilot Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
N. Kornetov ◽  
E. Zatochkina ◽  
Y. Chernousova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health

scholarly journals The prevalence of and factors associated with antenatal depression among all pregnant women first attending antenatal care: a cross-sectional study in a comprehensive teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamei Guo ◽  
Anhai Zheng ◽  
Jinglan He ◽  
Ming Ai ◽  
Yao Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Assessments ◽  
Patient Health

Abstract Background Antenatal depression has become a common and serious problem, significantly affecting maternal and fetal health. However, evaluation and intervention methods for pregnant women in obstetric clinics are inadequate. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for depression among all pregnant women at their first attending antenatal care in the obstetrics clinic, a comprehensive teaching hospital, southwest of China. Methods From June to December 2019, 5780 pregnant women completed online psychological assessments, and data from 5728 of the women were analyzed. The women were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of depression. Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with a cutoff point of 10 for depression. Anxiety and somatic symptoms were measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), respectively. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the association among antenatal depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms and participants’ characteristics. Results The prevalence of antenatal depression among all the pregnant women at their first attending antenatal care was 16.3%, higher in the first trimester (18.1%). Anxiety symptoms (Mild anxiety AOR = 2.937; 95% CI: 2.448–3.524) and somatic symptoms (Mild somatic symptoms AOR = 3.938; 95% CI: 2.888–3.368) were major risk factors for antenatal depression among women and the risk increased more with the anxiety level or somatic symptoms level. Gestational weeks (second trimester AOR = 0.611; 95% CI: 0.483–0.773; third trimester AOR = 0.337; 95% CI: 0.228–0.498) and urban residence (AOR = 0.786; 95% CI: 0.652–0.947) were protective factors for antenatal depression among women. Conclusions About one in six pregnant women would experience depression, and special attention should be paid to some risk factors (i.e., early pregnancy, anxiety symptoms, somatic symptoms, rural residence). Online psychological assessments might be a time-saving and convenient screening method for pregnant women in obstetric clinics.

scholarly journals Depression and its determinants among adolescents in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250927
Author(s):  
Shimelis Girma ◽  
Mekonnen Tsehay ◽  
Almaz Mamaru ◽  
Mubarek Abera
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Jimma Town

Objectives To determine the prevalence and socio-demographic and parental-related factors of depression among school adolescents in Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia. Methods Using a cross-sectional survey, 546 school adolescents were screened for depression using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) from five randomly selected public and private schools. Oslo social support scale, adverse childhood experience tool, and socio-demographic questionnaire were used to gather data on risk factors. Linear regression analysis was used, and unstandardized beta (β) coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported to declare statistical significance. Results A total of 546 adolescents participated in the study, with a response rate of 97.3%. The mean (±SD) age of participants was 16.8 ± 1.3 years. The majority (81%) of the adolescents were attending day classes at public schools. The prevalence of depression was found to be 28% using the patient health questionnaire. Based on the PHQ-9 depression severity scale, 18.5% and 8.2% of the adolescent had moderate and moderate to severe depression while 1.3% had severe depression. In the final multivariate linear regression analysis, it was found that sex, rural residence, low social support, being in higher grade level, and adverse childhood experience were found to be independently associated with a higher score of depression. Conclusion One in three adolescents was found to have a depressive syndrome. We recommend schools to integrate school mental health service that contains routine screening and intervention services. Moreover, efforts are needed to sensitize and educate the communities on child protection, social support, and safeguarding to effectively tackle the magnitude of adolescent depression.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depressive disorders in children of early adolescence

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Lysytsia ◽  
S. V. Rymsha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level

The purpose of the work is to investigate the screening frequency of anxiety and depressive disorders and their manifestations in young adolescents to determine risk factors and develop measures for their prevention. Anxiety testing was conducted for 313 students of educational institutions of the Khmelnitsky region aged 10-14 years: 156 (49.8 %) boys and 157 (50.2 %) girls. 258 people were tested for the spectrum of depressive disorders, of which 51.9 % (134) were boys and 48.1 % (124) girls. Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to study anxiety, and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) by M. Kovacs, was used to diagnose depression. The probability was evaluated using Student's t-test with the construction of a 95 % confidence interval (CI) for the difference in means. Quantitative traits are given as M±σ. A high level of personal anxiety was determined in 20 (6.4 %), and situational anxiety in 17 (5.4 %) people. The average level of personal anxiety was determined in 38 (12.1 %), and situational anxiety – in 142 (45.3 %) people. A low level of personal anxiety was identified in 255 (81.5 %), and situational anxiety – in 154 (49.3 %) people. That is, most students of early adolescence had a low level of both personal and situational anxiety. Signs of depressive disorders were detected in 50.0 % of the examined children of early adolescence who completed the questionnaires, in particular, mild manifestations of depression were found in 70 (27.2 %) people, moderate in 46 (17.2 %) people, severe depression in 13 (5.0 %) people. The level of depressive symptoms in girls was higher (53.32±12.54 points) compared with boys (50.01±9.94 points), respectively (95 % CI, 0.5 – 6.0; p<0.019). The level of depressive symptoms among students in the city was higher (50.45±8.93 points) compared with students in rural schools (46.74±10.81 points), respectively (95% CI, 0.5 – 6.9, p<0.023). When comparing the severity of depressive symptoms in children from a boarding school (59.64±15.03 points) with students of other secondary schools (52.02±9.74 points), its predominance was significant precisely in children who study at a boarding school (95% CI, 2.5 – 16.3; p<0.008). So, in children of early adolescence, most have a low level of anxiety. At the same time, depressive disorders of varying degrees were revealed in 50.0 % of the examined children, which manifested themselves mainly in the form of low mood and anhedonia. Female sex, urban living, and having an incomplete family or orphanhood are some of the key risk factors for depression in young children.

Frequency and Correlation of Depression in Melasma Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3161-3163
Author(s):  
Aqsa Naheed ◽  
Mahpara Mazhar ◽  
Sundus Fatima ◽  
Sakina Sadiq Malik ◽  
Sehar Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Background: Melasma is hyper-pigmentation of skin, usually seen in young female adults, and previous studies have established substantial psychosocial burden associated with this disease. Aim: To measure the frequency of depression in melasma patients and its correlation with severity of melasma Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Dermatology OPD, HIT Hospital Taxila from 1st January 2021 to 31st August 2021 Methods: One hundred consecutive patients of melasma diagnosed by a skin specialist were enrolled. Elderly patients aged >60 years, those with previous psychiatric disease or chronic illnesses and on long term streroids were not included. After getting written informed consent, enrolled patients were screened for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) Results: There were 17 males and 83 females. The mean age was 41.5±8.14 years. On MASI scale for assessing severity of melasma, 38 patients scored mild, 51 scored moderate and 11 scored severe. Using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) in patients with melasma, 18 patients didn’t have depression, 38 had mild depression, 31 had moderate depression, 6 had moderately severe depression and 7 had severe depression. Conclusion: The frequency of depression is quite high in patients suffering from melasma. It indicates a need for prompt diagnosis, appropriate intervention at correct time to ensure patient’s compliance to therapy to improve his disease outcome. Keywords: Depression, Melasma, Frequency

scholarly journals Emotional distress and associated sociodemographic risk factors during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Muñoz-Navarro ◽  
Antonio Cano Vindel ◽  
Florian Schmitz ◽  
Rosario Cabello ◽  
Pablo Fernández-Berrocal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Patient Health

AbstractBackgroundSpain is one of the countries that has been most affected by COVID-19 disease. However, the emotional distress on the Spanish population remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of emotional disorders and related symptoms and to assess the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on this population.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey using an online platform. Participation was completely voluntary. Sociodemographic variables were collected and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and panic were assessed through three questionnaires: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-Panic Disorder (PHQ-PD). Chi-squared statistics were applied to determine the influence of sociodemographic variables on symptom severity and diagnosis.ResultsMost respondents (n = 1753) were female (76.8%), with a mean (SD) age of 40.4 (12.9) years; 39.1% were married and 39.5% held a high school degree. Severe and moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression were high (6.5% and 14.3%; 9.9% and 12.9%, respectively) and more than one in four participants (25.7%) experienced a panic attack. A high proportion of participants met diagnostic criteria for emotional disorders: 15.3% for GAD; 12.2% for MDD; and 17.2% for PD. Significant risk factors were as follows: female, young adult, single, unemployed, and low income.ConclusionDue to limitations related to the study design (convenience sample), the findings of these study may not be applicable to the general population. Nonetheless, the high prevalence of emotional symptoms and disorders in this sample suggests that mental health interventions are urgently needed in Spain.

scholarly journals Schoolteachers' Resilience Does but Self-Efficacy Does Not Mediate the Influence of Stress and Anxiety Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Depression and Subjective Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inn-Kyu Cho ◽  
Jihoon Lee ◽  
Kyumin Kim ◽  
Joohee Lee ◽  
Sangha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Efficacy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
High Level ◽  
School Tasks

Objectives: In the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, schoolteachers experience stress from addressing students or performing school tasks that may result in burnout. This study aimed to observe whether teachers' stress and anxiety due to the pandemic can influence their depression or psychological well-being and examine whether their resilience or self-efficacy mediates this association.Methods: During March 4–15, 2021, 400 teachers participated and responded voluntarily to an online survey that included the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 items (SAVE-9), the Teacher-Efficacy Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and the Patients Health Questionnaire-9 items.Results: High psychological well-being of teachers in COVID-19 pandemic era was expected by a low SAVE-9 score (aOR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91–0.99), a high level of self-efficacy (aOR = 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.06), and a high BRS score (aOR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10–1.27). Moreover, teachers' resilience mediated the effects of stress and anxiety from the COVID-19 pandemic on their subjective well-being or depression.Conclusions: Schoolteachers' subjective well-being and depression were influenced by high levels of stress and anxiety of the viral epidemic, and their resilience mediated this relationship in this COVID-19 pandemic era.

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