scholarly journals Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Lower Depressive Symptoms among U.S. Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Vanessa M. Oddo ◽  
Lauren Welke ◽  
Andrew McLeod ◽  
Lacey Pezley ◽  
Yinglin Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Diet Recall ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Diet Score ◽  
Score Range

Depression is a leading cause of disability, yet current prevention and treatment approaches have only had modest effects. It is important to better understand the role of dietary patterns on depressive symptoms, which may help prevent depression or complement current treatments. This study examined whether adherence to a Mediterranean diet (Med Diet), determined by the Alternate Med Diet score (aMED), was associated with depressive symptoms in a representative sample of U.S. adults. The aMED score (range 0–9) was calculated from a 24-h diet recall with gender-specific quartiles (Q) estimated. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to define depressive symptoms, which was dichotomized as no to mild (0–9) versus moderate to severe symptoms (10–27). Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between quartiles of aMED and depressive symptoms when controlling for sociodemographics, total calories, and the time of year of diet recall; 7.9% of the sample had moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Compared to individuals with the lowest aMED (Q1), individuals in Q3 and Q4 had 40% and 45% lower odds of moderate to severe depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50, 0.74; OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.84, respectively). This study provides modest support of Med Diet’s role in supporting positive mental health.

scholarly journals Effects of Polyphenols in a Mediterranean Diet on Symptoms of Depression: A Systematic Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Bayes ◽  
Janet Schloss ◽  
David Sibbritt
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

ABSTRACT Depression is a mood disorder which currently affects 350 million individuals worldwide. Recently, research has suggested a protective role of diet for depression. The Mediterranean-style dietary pattern has been highlighted in several systematic reviews as a promising candidate for reducing depressive symptoms. It has been speculated that this could be due to the high polyphenol content of foods commonly found in the diet. Therefore, the aim of this review was to assess the effects of polyphenols found in a Mediterranean diet on the symptoms of depression. A systematic literature review was conducted of original research which assessed the role of polyphenols on the symptoms of depression in humans. The following databases were searched: PROQUEST, SCOPUS (Elsevier), MEDLINE (EBSCO), CINAHL, and EMBase, up to 18 February, 2019. The inclusion criteria consisted of both observational and experimental research in adults aged 18–80 y that assessed depression scores in relation to polyphenol intake. A total of 37 studies out of 12,084 met the full inclusion criteria. Of these, 17 were experimental studies and 20 were observational studies. Several different polyphenols were assessed including those from tea, coffee, citrus, nuts, soy, grapes, legumes, and spices. Twenty-nine of the studies found a statistically significant effect of polyphenols for depression. This review has found both an association between polyphenol consumption and depression risk, as well as evidence suggesting polyphenols can effectively alleviate depressive symptoms. The review uncovered gaps in the literature regarding the role of polyphenols for depressive symptoms in both young adults and men. This review was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO as CRD42019125747.

scholarly journals Mental Distress in the United States at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 1628-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calliope Holingue ◽  
Luther G. Kalb ◽  
Kira E. Riehm ◽  
Daniel Bennett ◽  
Arie Kapteyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Us ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Completion Date ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental distress in US adults. Methods. Participants were 5065 adults from the Understanding America Study, a probability-based Internet panel representative of the US adult population. The main exposure was survey completion date (March 10–16, 2020). The outcome was mental distress measured via the 4-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire. Results. Among states with 50 or more COVID-19 cases as of March 10, each additional day was significantly associated with an 11% increase in the odds of moving up a category of distress (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.21; P = .02). Perceptions about the likelihood of getting infected, death from the virus, and steps taken to avoid infecting others were associated with increased mental distress in the model that included all states. Individuals with higher consumption of alcohol or cannabis or with history of depressive symptoms were at significantly higher risk for mental distress. Conclusions. These data suggest that as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, mental distress may continue to increase and should be regularly monitored. Specific populations are at high risk for mental distress, particularly those with preexisting depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Workplace bullying and depressive symptoms among employees in Germany: prospective associations regarding severity and the role of the perpetrator

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Lange ◽  
Hermann Burr ◽  
Uwe Rose ◽  
Paul Maurice Conway
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Nonsignificant Effect ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of self-reported workplace bullying on depressive symptoms in a prospective study among a representative sample of employees from Germany. We focused specifically on the role of the perpetrator (co-workers and superiors), which was never done before in a longitudinal design. Methods We used data from a nation-wide representative panel study with a 5-year follow-up (N = 2172). Data on bullying exposure were obtained separately for different perpetrators (co-workers and superiors) and degree of severity (severe bullying, i.e., at least weekly). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). We used logistic regression analyses to examine the effect of workplace bullying at baseline on depressive symptoms at follow-up. Results After adjusting for baseline depressive symptoms, severe bullying by co-workers significantly increased the 5-year risk of depressive symptoms (OR = 2.50). Severe bullying by superiors had a nonsignificant effect. Conclusions Workplace bullying is a risk factor for depressive symptoms among employees in Germany. The type of perpetrator seems to be an important factor to consider, as indicated by the elevated risk of depressive symptoms when bullying is perpetrated by co-workers.

scholarly journals Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Depression: Role of Body Image

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone C. Behrens ◽  
Konrad Lenhard ◽  
Florian Junne ◽  
Katrin Ziser ◽  
Jessica Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Body Contouring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Patient Health

Abstract Background It has been suggested that psychosocial functioning improves after bariatric surgery, but the mechanism of this effect remains unclear. We propose that body image mediates the association between %EWL and improvement in depressive symptoms. Materials and Methods To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted a mediation analysis in longitudinal data from 52 patients after LSG. Results %EWL had no direct effect on depressive symptoms as assessed through the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), but a small indirect effect that was mediated through negative evaluation of the body (BIQ-20). Conclusions We interpret this observation in the context of complex individual etiologies of obesity and argue for a stronger focus on psychological interventions in aftercare regimes. This may be specifically relevant for patients with eating disorders or a desire for body contouring surgery.

Prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors in an urban, ophthalmic population

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212090170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen L Mayro ◽  
Ann P Murchison ◽  
Lisa A Hark ◽  
Marlee Silverstein ◽  
Olivia Y Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Clinically Significant

Objective: To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in an adult ophthalmic patient population and to delineate correlates. Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants: Adult patients (⩾18 years) were approached in general and sub-specialty cornea, retina, and glaucoma ophthalmic clinics. A total of 367 patients from the four clinics were enrolled. Methods: Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. A cut-off score of ⩾10 was used to indicate clinically significant depressive symptoms. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores were used to evaluate bivariate relationships between depressive symptoms and distance visual acuity, ocular diagnosis, diabetes status, smoking status, demographic information, and medications. Results: The majority of patients were female (52.9%) and Caucasian (48.6%). The mean age was 52.0 years (standard deviation: 16.7). Clinically significant depressive symptoms were present in 19.9% of patients overall; this rate varied slightly by clinic. Patients with low vision and blindness (visual acuity worse than 20/60) were more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio = 2.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.90–4.21). Smoking and diabetes were also associated with depressive symptoms (odds ratio = 3.11 (2.66–3.64) and 3.42 (1.90–6.16), respectively). Conclusion: In a sample of urban ophthalmic adult patients, depressive symptoms were highly associated with low vision, smoking, and diabetes. This information can be used to target interventions to those at greatest risk of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Association between tinnitus and depressive symptoms in the South Korean population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261257
Author(s):  
Minah Park ◽  
Soo Hyun Kang ◽  
Fatima Nari ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park ◽  
Sung-In Jang
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Korean Population ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Patient Health

In this study, we aimed to examine the association between tinnitus and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly South Korean population. The participants were selected from among those who participated in the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The incidence and severity of tinnitus was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire, while depressive symptoms were evaluated using self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Multiple logistic regression was performed to examine the association between tinnitus and depressive symptoms. Overall, 10 979 (4821 men and 6158 women) participants were enrolled in the study. Regardless of sex, individuals who reported having tinnitus were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those without tinnitus (men: odds ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.01–2.32; women: odds ratio 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.35–2.35). In severe cases of tinnitus, women were more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio 7.18, 95% confidence interval 3.71–13.87) compared to men. This study revealed a significant association between tinnitus and depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and elderly South Korean population.

scholarly journals Depressive Symptoms and 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans: The SABPA Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hamer ◽  
Nancy Frasure-Smith ◽  
François Lespérance ◽  
Brian H. Harvey ◽  
Nico T. Malan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
The Self ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health

Disturbances in circadian rhythm might play a central role in the neurobiology of depression. We examined the association between depressive symptoms and 24-hour ambulatory BP in a sample of 405 (197 black and 208 Caucasian) urbanized African teachers aged 25 to 60 yrs (mean 44.6 ± 9.6 yrs). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the self-administered 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). After adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity, participants with severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 15) had higher odds of hypertension defined from ambulatory BP and/or use of antihypertensive medication (odds ratio = 2.19, 95% CI, 1.00–4.90) in comparison to participants with no symptoms. Compared to Caucasians with no depressive symptoms, those with severe symptoms had blunted nocturnal systolic BP drop of 4.7 mmHg (95% CI, −0.5 to 10.0,P=0.07). In summary, depressive symptoms were associated with the circadian BP profile in black and Caucasian Africans.

Polyvictimization and Recurrent Falling in Older Ecuadorian Adults: The Mediation Role of Depressive Symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 089826432095291
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Reyes-Ortiz ◽  
Mario U. Perez-Zepeda ◽  
José M. Ocampo-Chaparro ◽  
Adalberto Campo-Arias ◽  
Miguel G. Borda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Significant Mediator

Objective: To assess depressive symptoms as a mediator in the association between polyvictimization and recurrent falling. Methods: Using data from the Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (Health, Well-being, and Aging) Ecuador Study, we analyzed community-dwelling adults 60 years and older ( n = 5227). Recurrent falling was determined as ≥2 falls during the prior 12 months. Polyvictimization was determined as a history of ≥2 types of abuse. The mediator was depressive symptoms. Mediation analyses were based on the VanderWeele method. Results: Polyvictimization was significantly associated with higher odds of recurrent falling, and odds ratio (OR) = 1.45 (95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.20–1.76). Higher depressive symptoms increase the odds for recurrent falling (OR = 1.09 and 95% CI 1.07–1.11). Moreover, depressive symptoms were a significant mediator between polyvictimization and recurrent falling. The mediating effect was 28.4%. Discussion: Polyvictimization was associated with higher odds of recurrent falling, and this association was mediated by depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Association between Living with Patients with Dementia and Family Caregivers’ Depressive Symptoms—Living with Dementia Patients and Family Caregivers’ Depressive Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4372
Author(s):  
Minah Park ◽  
Fatima Nari ◽  
Soo Hyun Kang ◽  
Sung-In Jang ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Family ◽  
Community Health Survey ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Spouse Caregivers ◽  
Management Policies

Depression among family caregivers is becoming an increasingly important issue due to a growing elderly population. This study aimed to examine the association of living with a patient with dementia and family caregivers’ depressive symptoms, among Korean adults. This study used the data of 371,287 participants after excluding those who indicated having dementia themselves from the Korea Community Health Survey of 2018–2019. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The rates of spouse caregivers having depressive symptoms were 9.4% and 10.8% among men and women, respectively. The odds ratio for risk of depressive symptoms among male and female spouse caregivers in comparison to non-caregivers was 2.65 and 2.28, respectively. In the subgroup analysis, the highest income group was associated with risk of depressive symptoms, with an odds ratio of 4.28 for men, and 3.02 for women. Having a patient with dementia in the family was significantly associated with family caregivers’ depressive symptoms. In particular, when the patient with dementia was a spouse, both women and men were likely to have depressive symptoms. To reduce the burden of caregivers, we need management policies and interventions for family caregivers.

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