scholarly journals Dirofilaria spp. and Angiostrongylus vasorum: Current Risk of Spreading in Central and Northern Europe

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Fuehrer ◽  
Simone Morelli ◽  
Maria Sophia Unterköfler ◽  
Anna Bajer ◽  
Karin Bakran-Lebl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Border Studies ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Current Risk

In the past few decades, the relevance of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens, causing cardiopulmonary and subcutaneous dirofilariosis in dogs and cats, and of Angiostrongylus vasorum, causing canine angiostrongylosis, has steadily increased in Central and Northern Europe. In this review, a summary of published articles and additional reports dealing with imported or autochthonous cases of these parasites is provided for Central (Austria, Czechia, Germany, Hungary, Luxemburg, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Switzerland) and Northern (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) Europe. Research efforts focusing on Dirofilaria spp. and A. vasorum have varied by country, and cross-border studies are few. The housing conditions of dogs, pet movements, the spread of competent vectors, and climate change are important factors in the spread of these nematodes. Dogs kept outside overnight are a major factor for the establishment of Dirofilaria spp. However, the establishment of invasive, diurnal, synanthropic, competent mosquito vectors such as Aedes albopictus may also influence the establishment of Dirofilaria spp. The drivers of the spread of A. vasorum remain not fully understood, but it seems to be influenced by habitats shared with wild canids, dog relocation, and possibly climatic changes; its pattern of spreading appears to be similar in different countries. Both Dirofilaria spp. and A. vasorum merit further monitoring and research focus in Europe.

scholarly journals Cross-border Life in an American Exclave: Point Roberts and the Canada–US Border

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-51
Author(s):  
Pierre-Alexandre Beylier
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Border Studies ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Border Town ◽  
Canadian City

By applying a theoretical framework based on different models proposed in border studies literature, this article analyzes the morphological, functional, institutional and identity characteristics that make Point Roberts—an American exclave in the Pacific Northwest—a “cross-border town”. Using an online survey and face-to-face interviews, the author combines both quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to examine the forces that link Point Roberts and the Canadian city of Delta that lies across the Canada–US border. This paper highlights the specificities of this unique geographic configuration as well the challenges that the border represents.

scholarly journals Current State and Future Directions of Intranasal Delivery Route for Central Nervous System Disorders: A Scientometric and Visualization Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyang Wu ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Yulin Wang ◽  
Linjian Tong ◽  
Fanchen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Targeting ◽  
Nanostructured Lipid Carrier ◽  
Intranasal Delivery ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Delivery Route

Background: The management of various central nervous system (CNS) disorders has been challenging, due to highly compact blood-brain barrier (BBB) impedes the access of most pharmacological agents to the brain. Among multiple strategies proposed to circumvent this challenge, intranasal delivery route has sparked great interest for brain targeting in the past decades. The aim of this study was to apply scientometric method to estimate the current status and future trends of the field from a holistic perspective.Methods: All relevant publications during 1998–2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (SCIE, 1998-present). Two different scientometric software including VOS viewer and CiteSpace, and one online platform were used to conduct co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis of journals, countries, institutes, authors, references and keywords.Results: A total of 2,928 documents, including 2,456 original articles and 472 reviews, were retrieved. Our analysis revealed a significant increasing trend in the total number of scientific publications over the past 2 decades (R2 = 0.98). The United States dominated the field, reflecting in the largest amount of publications (971), the highest H-index (99), and extensive international collaboration. Jamia Hamdard contributed to most publications. Frey WH and Illum L were key researchers with the highest number of publications and citations, respectively. The International Journal of Pharmaceutics was the most influential academic journal, and Pharmacology/Pharmacy and Neurosciences/Neurology were the hottest research categories in this field. Based on keywords occurrence analysis, four main topics were identified, and the current research focus of this field has shifted from cluster 4 (pathways and mechanisms of intranasal delivery) to cluster 2 (the study of nasal drug delivery systems), especially the nanostructured and nano-sized carrier systems. Keywords burst detection revealed that the research focus on oxidative stress, drug delivery, neuroinflammation, nanostructured lipid carrier, and formulation deserves our continued attention.Conclusion: To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first scientometric analysis regarding intranasal delivery research. This study has demonstrated a comprehensive knowledge map, development landscape and future directions of intranasal delivery research, which provides a practical and valuable reference for scholars and policymakers in this field.

scholarly journals Negotiating Roles and Routines in Collaborative Investigative Journalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Konow-Lund
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Investigative Journalism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Tax Haven ◽  
The Guardian ◽  
Traditional Understanding ◽  
Media Company

Over the past two decades, the practice of investigative journalism has been reconstructed via the rise of journalistic networks around the world that have layered collaboration atop what had long been an individual pursuit. Among the recent successes of collaborative investigative journalism was the cross-border effort to expose the tax haven leaks that included the Panama Papers (2016). Due to such notable accomplishments, research on cross-border collaboration is increasing, but the ways in which this pooling of resources, time, and networks has impacted practice on a daily basis remain under-investigated. This article looks at how organizations and actors in emerging and legacy newsrooms are negotiating their routines and roles while developing new practices in investigative journalism. It uses three organizations as cases: Bristol Cable, a journalistic co-op operating at the community/local level; the Bureau Local, a local/national data-coordinating news desk; and <em>The Guardian</em>, a legacy media company that has long operated at the national/global level. This article finds that, in the transitions of traditional organizations and journalists and the emergence of new innovative organizations and non-journalistic actors, actors involved in collaborative investigative journalism deploy a language of justification regarding rules between the new and the old. It also finds that concepts such as coordination are part of this negotiation, and that knowledge and knowledge generation are taking place within a traditional understanding of journalism, as the “new” is normalized over time.

scholarly journals A New Slovakian-Hungarian Cross-Border Geopark in Central Europe – Possibility for Promoting Better Connections Between the Two Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergely Horváth ◽  
Gábor Csüllög
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
High Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World

AbstractIn the past years, many geoparks have been established all over the world, based mainly on the geoheritage, and partly on the cultural heritage, of the regions. Their main aim is to promote the spatial development of certain regions, especially by the development of tourism, including geo- and ecotourism. One of the newest geoparks is the Novohrad-Nógrád Geopark along the border of Slovakia and Hungary, which, having a high status, belongs to the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network. What is remarkable about it is that it was the very first cross-border geopark. Because of historical elements and due to political intentions, borders often play a more disjunctive than connective role, and the changes of the borders in the 20th century often distorted the spatial structure and turned former peripheries into flourishing regions. This was characteristic also of the regions where the Novohrad-Nógrád Geopark was established. Beyond the perspective for the spatial development of these regions, this cross-border geopark forces directly the local authorities and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on both sides of the border to maintain tighter contacts for co-operation, promoting by this means also better connections between the two countries.

scholarly journals Rapid climate change results in long-lasting spatial homogenization of phylogenetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Saladin ◽  
Loïc Pellissier ◽  
Catherine H. Graham ◽  
Michael P. Nobis ◽  
Nicolas Salamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Climate Oscillations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rapid Climate Change ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Scientific understanding of biodiversity dynamics, resulting from past climate oscillations and projections of future changes in biodiversity, has advanced over the past decade. Little is known about how these responses, past or future, are spatially connected. Analyzing the spatial variability in biodiversity provides insight into how climate change affects the accumulation of diversity across space. Here, we evaluate the spatial variation of phylogenetic diversity of European seed plants among neighboring sites and assess the effects of past rapid climate changes during the Quaternary on these patterns. Our work shows a marked homogenization in phylogenetic diversity across Central and Northern Europe linked to high climate change velocity and large distances to refugia. Our results suggest that the future projected loss in evolutionary heritage may be even more dramatic, as homogenization in response to rapid climate change has occurred among sites across large landscapes, leaving a legacy that has lasted for millennia.

Evidence for Lack of Change in Seasonality of Suicide from Timiş County, Romania

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1071-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Mona Vintilã ◽  
Maryanne L. Fisher ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Shifts

Evidence from politically and socially stable countries in Northern Europe and the Southern Hemisphere indicates a marked decrease in the seasonality of suicide over the past two decades. Generalizability of this trend to societies in transition has not yet been investigated. Data for suicide by hanging in Timiş County of Romania show both a nondecrease in seasonality of suicide for the current transitional period (1990–98), relative to the last decade of the Communist regime (1980–89) and shifts in location for suicide peak and trough months. Recent decreases in the seasonality of suicide might not generalize to societies in transition, and research would improve from focusing on the “natural laboratories” these societies represent.

The persistent presence of the dead: recent excavations at the hunter-gatherer cemetery at Zvejnieki (Latvia)

Antiquity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (338) ◽  
pp. 1016-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liv Nilsson Stutz ◽  
Lars Larsson ◽  
Ilga Zagorska
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Burial Practices ◽  
Neolithic Transition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Scale Disturbance ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Specific Identity

The well-known Mesolithic cemeteries of Northern Europe have long been viewed as evidence of developing social complexity in those regions in the centuries immediately before the Neolithic transition. These sites also had important symbolic connotations. This study uses new and more detailed analysis of the burial practices in one of these cemeteries to argue that much more is involved than social differentiation. Repeated burial in the densely packed site of Zvejnieki entailed large-scale disturbance of earlier graves, and would have involved recurrent encounters with the remains of the ancestral dead. The intentional use of older settlement material in the grave fills may also have signified a symbolic link with the past. The specific identity of the dead is highlighted by the evidence for clay face masks and tight body wrappings in some cases.

Gothic Art in Italy

Art History ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Thompson
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Periodical Literature ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Giorgio Vasari ◽  
The Past ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Italian Art ◽  
Almost All ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century

This article covers a period in Italy, c. 1250 to c. 1400, often characterized as the beginnings of the Renaissance in Italy. While many scholars in the past—from Giorgio Vasari in the 16th century to 19th- and 20th-century founders of the discipline—sought the “primi lumi,” or first lights, of the Renaissance in the 13th- and 14th-century art of Italy, more recent scholarship in the field is concerned with the contexts in which art in this period was commissioned, created, and received. Some of the larger contextual concerns that have driven scholarship since the late 20th century are the proliferation of the mendicant orders and their roles as patrons; the burgeoning mercantile economy that fueled artistic and architectural commissions; the political power of the communes and the ways that art and architecture reflected and created civic identity; the reception of works of art by a variety of audiences; and the importance of materials and techniques in the creative lives of artists. Additionally, due in large part to Vasari’s love of Florence and Florentine art, a great deal of scholarship in the field attends to Florentine art and to central Italian art more generally. This article reflects that bias and contains scholarship mainly on central Italian art. The title of this entry implies that it is concerned only with Italian art that is related in some way—visually, socially, theologically—to the art of northern Europe, where what art historians call the Gothic style originated in the 12th century. While some of the scholarship in this article centers on artistic exchange between northern Europe and Italy or examines Italian art that is Gothic in style, it is not limited to these issues. This article is intended to serve advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, and scholars seeking to do research in a new field, and it includes almost all books, many of them published within the past twenty years, with the intent that the bibliographies of the books will lead students and researchers to the older sources and periodical literature relevant to their scholarly interests.

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