scholarly journals Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench: Chemical Characterization and Bioactivity of Its Extracts and Fractions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Joana Coelho ◽  
Lillian Barros ◽  
Maria Inês Dias ◽  
Tiane C. Finimundy ◽  
Joana S. Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench is widely known for its medicinal properties, being one of the most used medicinal plants for its immunostimulant properties. Nevertheless, there is still scarce information on its cytotoxic activity. Thus, this study aims at evaluating the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of several aqueous and organic extracts of the aerial parts of this plant and chemically characterizing the obtained extracts. The analysis was performed by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS. Fifteen compounds were identified; of these, seven were phenolic acids and eight were flavonoids. Non-polar compounds were evaluated by GC/MS, with a total of sixty-four compounds identified, and the most abundant groups were the sterols, fatty acids and long-chain hydrocarbons. The highest antimicrobial activity was exhibited by the dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and acetone extracts. Dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts showed the highest cytotoxic activity. Therefore, they were fractionated, and the obtained fractions were also assessed for their cytotoxicity. Notwithstanding, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was superior to that of the obtained fractions, evidencing a possible synergistic effect of different compounds in the whole extracts.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of neo-Clerodane Diterpenoids isolated from Lamiaceae Species against Pathogenic and Food Spoilage Microorganisms

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petko Bozov ◽  
Tania Girova ◽  
Natalia Prisadova ◽  
Yana Hristova ◽  
Velizar Gochev
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenoids ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms

Antimicrobial activity of nineteen neo-clerodane diterpenoids, isolated from the acetone extracts of the aerial parts of Scutellaria and Salvia species (Lamiaceae) were tested against thirteen strains belonging to nine different species of pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella abony and Staphylococcus aureus as well as against two yeast strains belonging to species Candida albicans. Seven of the evaluated compounds scutalpin A, scutalpin E, scutalpin F, salviarin, splenolide A, splenolide B and splendidin demonstrated antimicrobial activity against used test microbial strains, the rest of the compounds were inactive within the studied concentration range. Among all of the tested compounds the highest antimicrobial activity was detected for scutalpin A against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 25 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Microbiological Activities of the Essential Oil of Leaf of Tithonia Diversifolia (Hemsl) A. Gray (Asteraceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ferreira Farias ◽  
Alex Lobato Rodrigues ◽  
Rosany Lopes Martins ◽  
Érica de Menezes Rabelo ◽  
Carlos Ferreira Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Bacterial Strains

The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the plant species Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl) A. Gray. The essential oil obtained was used to identify the chemical compounds present through the techniques of GC-MS and NMR. The antioxidant potential was calculated by the sequestration method of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. For cytotoxic activity, the larval mortality of Artemia salina was evaluated. The main chemical constituents identified are αpinene (9.9%), Limonene (5.40%), (Z)-β-ocimene (4.02%), p-cymen-8-ol (3.0%), Piperitone (11.72%), (E)-nerolidol (3.78%) and Spathulenol (10.8%). In the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used. The results showed that the bacterium E. coli were more susceptible to the presence of the essential oil, presenting minimal inhibitory concentration at the concentrations that were exposed. The essential oil presented antioxidant activity of 54.6% at the concentration of 5 mg·mL−1 and provided a CI50 of 4.30. It was observed that the essential oil of this species was highly toxic against A. salina lavas, as its cytotoxic activity showed an LC50 of 3.11. Thus, it is concluded that T. diversifolia oils are effective in inhibiting bacterial growth and reducing oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Cladia aggregata (lichen) from Brazilian northeast: chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Cristina Barroso Martins ◽  
Marcio James Gonçalves de Lima ◽  
Flávia Pereira Silva ◽  
Eulália Azevedo-Ximenes ◽  
Nicácio Henrique da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Lichen Substances ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the Cladia aggregata (Sw.) Nyl. were evaluated. Barbatic acid, depside obtained from C. aggregata, was spectroscopically analyzed and tested, as well as organic extracts. The extracts and purified substance were tested against four Staphylococcus aureus multi-resistant strains. The structure of barbatic acid was confirmed through NMR (¹H; 13C) and elemental ® analysis. Biochromatographic assays showed action of this compound, along with other substances contained in organic extracts, suggesting a synergic action, MIC assays placed barbatic acid in the same level of inhibition to other studied lichen substances.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of four Valeriana L. (Caprifoliaceae) crude extracts, endemic species of the Venezuelan Andes

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugenia Rondon ◽  
Judith Josefina Velasco ◽  
Janne Del Carmen Rojas ◽  
Luis Enrique Gamez ◽  
Antonio Morales
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Minimal Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Analytical Response ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Valeriana L. genus is represented in Venezuela by 16 species, 9 of these are endemic of Venezuelan Andes growing in high mountains at 2800 masl. In this investigation, four species were analyzed in order to determine the main secondary metabolites and antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from aerial parts of Valeriana parviflora, V. rosaliana, V. triplinervis and V. phylicoides. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, triterpenoids and saponins were qualitatively observed in all methanolic extracts tested. The color intensity or a precipitate formation was used as analytical response to these tests. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram positive, Gram negative bacterial strains and yeast, using disc diffusion method. N-hexane extracts of V. triplinervis and V. rosaliana showed the highest efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus, exhibiting inhibition zones of 16 mm and 15 mm; MIC (Minimal Inhibition Concentration) values were observed at 116 mg/mL and 150 mg/mL, respectively. Dichloromethane and methanolic extracts of V. triplinervis and methanolic extract of V. rosaliana showed a rather moderate activity (MIC between 200 to 316 mg/ml) but a very weak antibacterial activity was observed in V. phylicoides and V. parviflora extracts (MIC > 420 mg/mL). None of the extracts assayed in this investigation showed any activity against Candida albicans and Candida krusei. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences on the different polarity extracts assayed with respect to antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (P > 0.10), however it was observed significant differences between the Valeriana species analyzed (P < 0.10) in relation to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). 

ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIRADICAL PROPERTIES OF HAMMADA SCOPARIA (POMEL) ILJIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Aziz Drioiche ◽  
Nadia Benhlima ◽  
Samira Kharchouf ◽  
Fadoua EL MAKHOUKHI ◽  
Smahane MEHANNED ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Organic Extracts

Background: Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin (HS), is commonly used by traditional healers in Morocco against microbial and fungal infections. We studied antimicrobial, antifungal and antiradical effects of organic extracts in vitro in order to confirm traditional utilization after phytochemical screening. Materials and methods: Aerial parts of HS have been extracted by hydro-distillation using Clevenger-type apparatus, and the chemical composition was realized by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS). The antioxidant activity has been evaluated using DPPH test, while the antimicrobial tests of HS extract were conducted on twenty-eight bacterial strains and antifungal on twelve fungal strains. Results: Chemical characterization of HS essential oils (EO) confirmed the presence of carvacrol (82,28%), p-cymene (2,52%), γ-terpinene (2,18%) and Z-caryophyllene (2,04%). Antimicrobial tests of HS extract showed a moderate antibacterial activity without antifungal effect. In addition, HS exhibited a very powerful antiradical activity with IC50 = 1,2 mg/ml compared to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0,5 mg/mL) and butylated hydroxyanisole (0,8 mg/mL). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that HS directly inhibits the growth of microorganisms in vitro, and further validates its traditional use as an antiseptic by traditional Moroccan healers.

Investigation of the Biological Activities of Different Extracts from Dipsacus laciniatus Aerial Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Turgut Taşkın ◽  
Yeliz Akkılıç ◽  
Berna Özbek Çelik ◽  
İsmail Şenkardeş ◽  
Özlem B. Özakpınar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Normal Cell Line ◽  
Aerial Parts

Background: The aerial parts of Dipsacus laciniatus are traditionally used in the treatment of colds as cold tea; decoction prepared from its roots and aerial parts are used for the treatment of diabetes and cancer, respectively. The extraction procedures and solvents are important steps in the processing of bioactive constituents from the plant materials. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase and cytotoxic activities for the first time in plant’s different extracts. Methods: The antioxidant activities of extracts were examined using FRAP and CUPRAC methods, including total phenolic and flavonoids contents. In addition, the antimicrobial, anticholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of extracts were investigated using microdilution, Ellman and MTT methods, respectively. Results: In the present study, methanol extract showed stronger iron (III) ion reduction (FRAP) and copper (II) ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) than other extracts and also contained higher total phenolic and flavonoid compounds. It was also found that there was a linear relationship between antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in this study. It was demonstrated that the chloroform and methanol extracts showed moderate antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis and C. albicans strains. The chloroform extract had a strong and selective cytotoxic activity for the MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines, while the methanol extract showed low cytotoxic activity on the same cell lines. In addition, according to the obtained data, chloroform extract showed a toxic effect on normal cell line (NIH/3T3), but other extracts showed no toxic effect. Conclusion: Since methanol extract has no toxic effect on normal cell line and has strong antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activity, it is thought that this extract may be useful as an antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial agents in the future.

Chemical characterization, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxic activity of Mikania micrantha Kunth flower essential oil from North East India

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 2515-2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snigdha Saikia ◽  
Kashyap J. Tamuli ◽  
Bardwi Narzary ◽  
Dipanwita Banik ◽  
Manobjyoti Bordoloi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Mikania Micrantha ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Ethnobotanical Study of Calotropis gigantea

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Hari Timilsina ◽  
Bindu Modi ◽  
Ramchandra Basnyat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Introduction: According to the WHO, more than 80% of world’s population depends upon the traditional medicine for primary care of health. The increased interest in plant derived drugs is mainly because of ‘herbal medicines’ are safer than costly synthetic drug. In this study, Calotropis gigantea also known as 'Aank' in Nepali was selected as the plant for the research work. Plants were collected from different parts of the Chitwan district. The objective of the study was to prepare the methanol and hexane extracts of leaves and stem of C. gigantea and carry out phytochemical screening of those extracts. Similarly, antimicrobial activity of those extract were evaluated to find its potential as drug. The ethnobotanical survey was done to find out medicinal values of the plant. Methods: Methanol and hexane extracts of the leaves and stem of C. gigantea was prepared by Soxhlet extraction method. Methanol was used for the extraction of various polar compounds and hexane for non-polar compounds. Phytochemical screening results showed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids and terpenoids. The phytochemicals present in different plant extracts were analyzed by following the protocol given by Ciulei I. Inhibition of bacterial growth was tested by using agar well diffusion plate method (As per DPR/BS/SOP/ Am/1) and measured in the form of zone of inhibition (ZOI). Results: The ZOI shown by methanol extracts of leaves of C. gigantea for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were measured 8 mm and 13 mm respectively. Similarly, the zones of inhibition shown by hexane extract of leaves of C. gigantea for E.coli and S.aureus were measured as 11 mm and 9 mm respectively in antibacterial assay. Antimicrobial activity was not seen against Klebsiella pneumoniae by any of the extracts. The ethnobotanical study conducted showed that the plant is being used for different medicinal purposes. Conclusion : The findings of the study showed that the plant had high pharmaceutical importance. Traditionally, it is used alone or with other medicinal plants to treat common disease such as asthma, swelling rheumatism, diarrhoea, dysentery, syphilis, ulcer, leprosy etc. This study hopes to provide valuable information for different research.

Evaluation of antimicrobial potential of some spices from apiaceae sold in herbal shops

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alev ONDER ◽  
Suna Sibel GURPINAR, Mujde ERYILMAZ ◽  
Bayram Kagan AKAY, Ahsen Sevde CINAR
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Spices are a part of the plants used for many purposes as preservatives and as colorants in foods or as medicinal intention. Main aim of the present research was to estimate the potential antimicrobial activity of some spices from Apiaceae family such as Amni visnaga (Diş otu, Hıltan), Anethum graveolens (Dereotu), Apium graveolens (Kereviz), Coriandrum sativum (Kişniş), Cuminum cyminum (Kimyon), Daucus carota (Havuç), Foeniculum vulgare (Rezene), Petroselinum sativum (Maydanoz), Pimpinella anisum (Anason). Thus, the fruits of the plants are used in the experiments. The fruits have been extracted by n-hexane, and all extracts have been subjected to TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). The n-hexane extracts were screened for their potential in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by microbroth dilution method. The hexane extracts of the fruits of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, Daucus carota, and Pimpinella anisum did not show antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Except these, the other extracts having MIC values of 2.5-5-10 mg/mL exhibited antimicrobial effect against some tested microorganisms. These results demonstrate that the extracts which have an antimicrobial effect can probably play a role as an antimicrobial agent owing to their nonpolar components which are accumulated to the n-hexane extracts.

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