scholarly journals Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Variants with Nucleic Acid Therapeutic Nanoparticle Conjugates

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Hanah F. Huber ◽  
Majid Jaberi-Douraki ◽  
Sarah DeVader ◽  
Cesar Aparicio-Lopez ◽  
Juliet Nava-Chavez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotides ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Experimental Strategy ◽  
Potential Target ◽  
Target Sites

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants is cause for concern, because these may become resistant to current vaccines and antiviral drugs in development. Current drugs target viral proteins, resulting in a critical need for RNA-targeted nanomedicines. To address this, a comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants was performed. Several highly conserved sites were identified, of which the most noteworthy is a partial homopurine palindrome site with >99% conservation within the coding region. This sequence was compared among recently emerged, highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 variants. Conservation of the site was maintained among these emerging variants, further contributing to its potential as a regulatory target site for SARS-CoV-2. RNAfold was used to predict the structures of the highly conserved sites, with some resulting structures being common among coronaviridae. An RNA-level regulatory map of the conserved regions of SARS-CoV-2 was produced based on the predicted structures, with each representing potential target sites for antisense oligonucleotides, triplex-forming oligomers, and aptamers. Additionally, homopurine/homopyrimidine sequences within the viral genome were identified. These sequences also demonstrate appropriate target sites for antisense oligonucleotides and triplex-forming oligonucleotides. An experimental strategy to investigate these is summarized along with potential nanoparticle types for delivery, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed.

scholarly journals Development of Locked Nucleic Acid Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Ebola Viral Proteins and Host Factor Niemann-Pick C1

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Chery ◽  
Andreas Petri ◽  
Alexandre Wagschal ◽  
Sun-Young Lim ◽  
James Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotides ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Host Factor ◽  
Locked Nucleic Acid ◽  
Niemann Pick

Agrarian receipts as a tool for the structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agrarian business of the region

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Yuliia Nehoda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Business Entities

The subject of the research – is a set of organizational-economic relations arising in the process of structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business. The purpose of the article is a retrospective analysis of structural transformations of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business, evaluation of the effectiveness and feasibility of the introduction of agricultural receipts as a new instrument of lending to the agricultural business of the regions. Methodology of work – system-structural and comparative analyzes (to determine the effectiveness of the crediting mechanism according to the agricultural receipts of the farmers of the region); monographic (when studying the problems of the functioning of the mechanism of lending to agrarians by agrarian receipts) economic analysis (when carrying out a comparative analysis of the mechanism of classical bank lending to the agrarian business and the mechanism of lending to agrarians according to agrarian receipts); modeling and forecasting (when determining ways to overcome the existing deficiencies in the mechanism of lending to agrarian business entities of the region according to agrarian receipts). The results of the work – a retrospective analysis of the structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business was carried out. The mechanism of crediting agrarians according to agrarian receipts and the scale of its distribution in the agrarian business of the region are considered. A comparative analysis of the mechanism of classical bank lending to the agrarian business and the mechanism of lending to agrarians according to agrarian receipts was carried out. In the framework of the pilot project “Agrarian receipts in Ukraine” of the international financial corporation (IFC) in partnership with the Swiss Confederation in Ukraine, the example of the Poltava region defined the effectiveness of the crediting mechanism according to the agrarian receipts of the agrarians of the region. The advantages and disadvantages of the mechanism of crediting the subjects of the agrarian business on agrarian receipts are noted. The ways to overcome the existing shortcomings of the mechanism of crediting the subjects of the agrarian business of the region according to agricultural receipts are determined. Conclusions – according to the results of the conducted research, the effectiveness of the mechanism of lending to the agricultural business of the regions according to agricultural receipts was proved, its advantages and disadvantages were noted, and attention was also focused. Proposed in Art. 7 of Law No. 5479-VI clearly delineate cases and restrictions on the debtor’s reimbursement of expenses incurred by the lender with the acquisition of the right to grow and harvest the pledged crop of agricultural products, which will ensure the principle of equality of parties on economic benefits and distribution of credit risks according to agricultural receipts.

Research of methods of protecting organizations from inimical mergers and acquisitions

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
O.A. Naydis ◽  
I.O. Naydis
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Preventive Methods

The article considers the types, forms, mechanisms and classification of mergers and acquisitions, identifies their positive effects, and studies the tactics of acquisitions. The analysis of anti-capture measures: active and preventive methods of protection against hostile mergers and acquisitions. A comparative analysis of anti-capture measures with acquisitions tactics was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of their application were identified.

ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION METHODS OF MULTI-PUMP UNITS

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
A.I. Glushchenko ◽  
M.Yu. Serov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Control System ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Online Optimization ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

В статье рассматривается вопрос совершенствования системы управления параллельно-работающими насосными агрегатами с целью повышения энергоэффективности их работы. Проведено сравнение и выявление недостатков существующих методов решения рассматриваемой проблемы. Предложена идея нового подхода на базе онлайн оптимизации. The problem under consideration is improvement of the energy efficiency of a control system of parallel-running pump units. Known methods used to solve this problem are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are shown. Finally, the idea of a new approach, which is based on online optimization, is proposed.

In vitro evaluation of hexitol nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotides

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Van Aerschot ◽  
Mark Vandermeeren ◽  
Johan Geysen ◽  
Walter Luyten ◽  
Marc Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotides ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

scholarly journals Systemic Polyomavirus Genome Increase and Dissemination of Capsid-Defective Genomes in Mammary Gland Tumor-Bearing Mice

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (15) ◽  
pp. 6975-6983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie J. Wirth ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Michele M. Fluck
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Mammary Gland Tumors ◽  
Low Levels

ABSTRACT BALB/c mice that developed tumors 7 to 8 months following neonatal infection by polyomavirus (PYV) wild-type strain A2 were characterized with respect to the abundance and integrity of the viral genome in the tumors and in 12 nontumorous organs. These patterns were compared to those found in tumor-free mice infected in parallel. Six mice were analyzed in detail including four sibling females with mammary gland tumors. In four of five mammary gland tumors, the viral genome had undergone a unique deletion and/or rearrangement. Three tumor-resident genomes with an apparently intact large T coding region were present in abundant levels in an unintegrated state. Two of these had undergone deletions and rearrangements involving the capsid genes and therefore lacked the capacity to produce live virus. In the comparative organ survey, the tumors harboring replication-competent genomes contained by far the highest levels of genomes of any tissue. However, the levels of PYV genomes in other organs were elevated by up to 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared to those detected in the same organs of tumor-free mice. The genomes found in the nontumorous organs had the same rearrangements as the genomes residing in the tumors. The original wild-type genome was detected at low levels in a few organs, particularly in the kidneys. The data indicate that a systemic increase in the level of viral genomes occurred in conjunction with the induction of tumors by PYV. The results suggest two novel hypotheses: (i) that genomes may spread from the tumors to the usual PYV target tissues and (ii) that this dissemination may take place in the absence of capsids, providing an important path for a virus to escape from the immune response. This situation may offer a useful model for the spread of HPV accompanying HPV-induced oncogenesis.

SARS-CoV-2: Molecular biology and therapeutic target.

Coronaviruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Pandey ◽  
Ankita Pathak ◽  
Mohammad Shahar Yar ◽  
Yuba Raj Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Current Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Spanish Flu ◽  
Repurposed Drugs ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
Viral Outbreak

: A century after the outbreak of the Spanish flu, the world is suffering with another pandemic on because of the coronavirus. The virus took a toll of more than millions of lives worldwide and still continues to affect the health and socio-economic infrastructure all over the world. The study explores the epidemiology, etiology and transmission of the virus and its phylogenetic relationship with SARS and MERS coronavirus responsible for 2002 and 2012 viral outbreak. Highlights about the key features of the viral genome and essential viral proteins responsible for viral life cycle, evading host immune response, and viral immunopathology with therapeutics from “Recovery” and “Solidarity” trials, are major concern of the current review. The review culminated with a discussion on different classes of front-runners vaccines and their efficacy. An overall understanding of essential viral proteins and their role in pathogenesis, repurposed drugs and vaccine development is the rationale of the present review.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPACT METHODS REPRESENTATIONS OF GRAPHIC INFORMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 130-143
Author(s):  
O. Gertsiy
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Jpeg 2000 ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Graphic Information ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Storage

The main characteristics of graphic information compression methods with losses and without losses (RLE, LZW, Huffman's method, DEFLATE, JBIG, JPEG, JPEG 2000, Lossless JPEG, fractal and Wawelet) are analyzed in the article. Effective transmission and storage of images in railway communication systems is an important task now. Because large images require large storage resources. This task has become very important in recent years, as the problems of information transmission by telecommunication channels of the transport infrastructure have become urgent. There is also a great need for video conferencing, where the task is to effectively compress video data - because the greater the amount of data, the greater the cost of transmitting information, respectively. Therefore, the use of image compression methods that reduce the file size is the solution to this task. The study highlights the advantages and disadvantages of compression methods. The comparative analysis the basic possibilities of compression methods of graphic information is carried out. The relevance lies in the efficient transfer and storage of graphical information, as big data requires large resources for storage. The practical significance lies in solving the problem of effectively reducing the data size by applying known compression methods.

scholarly journals Analysis of e-mail tools for educational purposes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Stanislav Proichev ◽  
Hanna Chemerys
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Email Marketing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
E Mail

Based on the analysis of scientific work was to determine the popularity and development of email marketing as one of the effective means of communication. Here are the main benefits of email marketing. The study found that email marketing allows effective communication between educational institutions and future recipients of educational services. There is a need to identify appropriate and effective tools for Internet mailing. The work is devoted to analyzing and exploring the functionality of mailing tools and constructors for email creation. During the study, the concept of "letter constructor" was defined. A comparative analysis was performed describing the main features, advantages and disadvantages of Stripo, Tilda, Makemail, Beefree, and Mailchimp, Unisender, E-sputnik, SendPulse mail designers. The appropriate combination of tools for mailing for educational purposes is determined.

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