scholarly journals Composite Cryogel with Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Growth Factor Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolat Sultankulov ◽  
Dmitriy Berillo ◽  
Sholpan Kauanova ◽  
Sergey Mikhalovsky ◽  
Lyuba Mikhalovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Growth Factor Delivery ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Osteogenic Lineage ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Homogeneous Matrix ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Bone Morphogenic Protein 2

Macroporous scaffolds composed of chitosan (CHI), hydroxyapatite (HA), heparin (Hep), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared with a glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linker by cryogelation. Addition of PVA to the reaction mixture slowed down the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) between CHI and Hep, which allowed more thorough mixing, and resulted in the development of the homogeneous matrix structure. Freezing of the CHI-HA-GA and PVA-Hep-GA mixture led to the formation of a non-stoichiometric PEC between oppositely charged groups of CHI and Hep, which caused further efficient immobilization of bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2) possible due to electrostatic interactions. It was shown that the obtained cryogel matrix released BMP-2 and supported the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rat BMSCs) into the osteogenic lineage. Rat BMSCs attached to cryogel loaded with BMP-2 and expressed osteocalcin in vitro. Obtained composite cryogel with PEC may have high potential for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Hyaluronan/Diethylaminoethyl Chitosan Polyelectrolyte Complexes as Carriers for Improved Colistin Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8381
Author(s):  
Natallia V. Dubashynskaya ◽  
Sergei V. Raik ◽  
Yaroslav A. Dubrovskii ◽  
Elena V. Demyanova ◽  
Elena S. Shcherbakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Negative Surface ◽  
Negative Surface Charge ◽  
Positively Charged

Improving the therapeutic characteristics of antibiotics is an effective strategy for controlling the growth of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to develop a colistin (CT) delivery system based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and the water-soluble cationic chitosan derivative, diethylaminoethyl chitosan (DEAECS). The CT delivery system was a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) obtained by interpolymeric interactions between the HA polyanion and the DEAECS polycation, with simultaneous inclusion of positively charged CT molecules into the resulting complex. The developed PEC had a hydrodynamic diameter of 210–250 nm and a negative surface charge (ζ-potential = −19 mV); the encapsulation and loading efficiencies were 100 and 16.7%, respectively. The developed CT delivery systems were characterized by modified release (30–40% and 85–90% of CT released in 15 and 60 min, respectively) compared to pure CT (100% CT released in 15 min). In vitro experiments showed that the encapsulation of CT in polysaccharide carriers did not reduce its antimicrobial activity, as the minimum inhibitory concentrations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa of both encapsulated CT and pure CT were 1 μg/mL.

Complexation of oppositely charged polymer: novel approaches for drug delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritesh Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Lalit Singh ◽  
Vaibhav Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Delivery Technology ◽  
Made In

: The polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) are adaptable definitions shaped by electrostatic interaction between biopolymers with inverse charges. Polyelectrolyte edifices comprise an exceptional class of polymeric mixtures comprising of polyions with inverse charges, which can be charged either cationically or anionically. Significant advancement has been made in the course of recent years towards new medication conveyance frameworks. The subject of broad essential and applied exploration has been on the marvel of interpolymer collaborations and polyelectrolyte complex development. Basically and applied polyelectrolytes raise on the grounds that the advantages of supportability are perceived in the scholarly world and in modern examination settings. Polyelectrolytes are a form of polymer that has endless ionizable practical arrangements. Ionized polyelectrolytes in arrangement can form a complex with oppositely charged particle called a polyelectrolyte complex. The review article emphasizes on PECs and their classification, characterization, as well as a critical analysis of the current research and applicability in drug delivery technology.

scholarly journals Development of Novel EE/Alginate Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles for Lysozyme Delivery: Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Safety

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sepúlveda-Rivas ◽  
Hans Fritz ◽  
Camila Valenzuela ◽  
Carlos Santiviago ◽  
Javier Morales
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Total Charge ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
High Association ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

The number of biologic drugs has increased in the pharmaceutical industry due to their high therapeutic efficacy and selectivity. As such, safe and biocompatible delivery systems to improve their stability and efficacy are needed. Here, we developed novel cationic polymethacrylate-alginate (EE-alginate) pNPs for the biologic drug model lysozyme (Lys). The impact of variables such as total charge and charge ratios over nanoparticle physicochemical properties as well as their influence over in vitro safety (viability/proliferation and cell morphology) on HeLa cells was investigated. Our results showed that electrostatic interactions between the EE-alginate and lysozyme led to the formation of EE/alginate Lys pNPs with reproducible size, high stability due to their controllable zeta potential, a high association efficiency, and an in vitro sustained Lys release. Selected formulations remained stable for up to one month and Fourier transform-Infrared (FT-IR) showed that the functional groups of different polymers remain identifiable in combined systems, suggesting that Lys secondary structure is retained after pNP synthesis. EE-alginate Lys pNPs at low concentrations are biocompatible, while at high concentrations, they show cytotoxic for HeLa cells, and this effect was found to be dose-dependent. This study highlights the potential of the EE-alginate, a novel polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticle, as an effective and viable nanocarrier for future drug delivery applications.

Electrostatic Effects of Metronidazole Loaded in Chitosan-Pectin Polyelectrolyte Complexes

2019 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Sucharat Limsitthichaikoon ◽  
Chutima Sinsuebpol
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Large Size ◽  
High Entrapment Efficiency

Electrostatic interactions of polymeric charges become one of the important factors to form the polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). In this work, PECs has successfully created through the interaction between positive charges of chitosan (CS) and negative charges of pectin (PE) based on the effect of pH and pKa of the polymers. The formation of PECs provides small particle size, positive surface charge, and high %entrapment efficiency (%EE) after loaded metronidazole (MTZ). Dropwise addition of PE solution into CS solution was carried out to form PECs. A certain concentration of chitosan and pectin fixed at ratio 3:1 while the pH of both polymers varied as pH 1, 3, 5, and 9. The alterations after forming PECs observed particle size, zeta potential, and turbidity of the solution along with FTIR, DSC, and TAG. Precipitation of PECs solution was found in the fixed pH 5 of PE solution dropwise into pH 7 and 9 CS solution, which referred to the unstable of the PECs system. The pH 1 and 9 of PE and CS obtained the large size which about 600-1200 nm, while zeta potential found a low positive charge of 5.54-11.90 mV. Thus, only the fixed pH 5 of CS solution and pH 3, 5, or 7 of PE solution to form PECs were used to load MTZ. After loaded MTZ, the particle size of the PECs was about 400-500 nm and the zeta potential was about 20-50 mV. Electrostatic interactions resulted from FTIR detected the changes in amino groups of CS and carboxyl groups of PE. Thermal analysis on DSC for determinations of melting points or transition temperatures and TGA to monitor weight loss by heat were confirmed the PECs and MTZ-PECs formation. The pH 5 of PE interacts with pH 5 of CS offered the smallest particle size as 438 nm, zeta potential about 23.5 mV, and the highest percentage of EE as about 50% of the drug-loaded. The pH 5 of PE and CS were the pH-responsive to the pKa, thus, the acidity of the polymers may provide a suitable condition to form the appropriate polyelectrolyte complexes. Keywords: Polyelectrolyte complex, polycation, polyanion, charge density

scholarly journals Multiscale Stem Cell Technologies for Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Xibo Ma ◽  
Wei Chai ◽  
Jie Tian
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Stem Cell Therapies ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Osteogenic Lineage ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Or Gene

The last couple of decades have seen brilliant progress in stem cell therapies, including native, genetically modified, and engineered stem cells, for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). In vitro studies evaluate the effect of endogenous or exogenous factor or gene regulation on osteogenic phenotype maintenance and/or differentiation towards osteogenic lineage. The preclinical and clinical outcomes accelerate the clinical translation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells have demonstrated better effects in the treatment of femoral head necrosis. Various materials have been used widely in the ONFH treatment in both preclinical and clinical trials. In a word, in vivo and multiscale efforts are expected to overcome obstacles in the approaches for treating ONFH and provide clinical relevance and commercial strategies in the future. Therefore, we will discuss the above aspects in this paper and present our opinions.

scholarly journals Complexation and coacervation of like-charged polyelectrolytes inspired by mussels

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. E847-E853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangsik Kim ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Yongjin Lee ◽  
Sandipan Dutta ◽  
Hee Young Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Underwater Adhesion ◽  
Complex Coacervate ◽  
Low Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Positively Charged

It is well known that polyelectrolyte complexes and coacervates can form on mixing oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions, due to mainly electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged polymers. Here, we report the first (to the best of our knowledge) complexation and coacervation of two positively charged polyelectrolytes, which provides a new paradigm for engineering strong, self-healing interactions between polyelectrolytes underwater and a new marine mussel-inspired underwater adhesion mechanism. Unlike the conventional complex coacervate, the like-charged coacervate is aggregated by strong short-range cation–π interactions by overcoming repulsive electrostatic interactions. The resultant phase of the like-charged coacervate comprises a thin and fragile polyelectrolyte framework and round and regular pores, implying a strong electrostatic correlation among the polyelectrolyte frameworks. The like-charged coacervate possesses a very low interfacial tension, which enables this highly positively charged coacervate to be applied to capture, carry, or encapsulate anionic biomolecules and particles with a broad range of applications.

scholarly journals Protein–Polyelectrolyte Complexes and Micellar Assemblies

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao ◽  
Holkar ◽  
Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Patchy Distribution ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Wrong Side ◽  
Complex Micelles ◽  
Structure Properties

In this review, we highlight the recent progress in our understanding of the structure, properties and applications of protein–polyelectrolyte complexes in both bulk and micellar assemblies. Protein–polyelectrolyte complexes form the basis of the genetic code, enable facile protein purification, and have emerged as enterprising candidates for simulating protocellular environments and as efficient enzymatic bioreactors. Such complexes undergo self-assembly in bulk due to a combined influence of electrostatic interactions and entropy gains from counterion release. Diversifying the self-assembly by incorporation of block polyelectrolytes has further enabled fabrication of protein–polyelectrolyte complex micelles that are multifunctional carriers for therapeutic targeted delivery of proteins such as enzymes and antibodies. We discuss research efforts focused on the structure, properties and applications of protein–polyelectrolyte complexes in both bulk and micellar assemblies, along with the influences of amphoteric nature of proteins accompanying patchy distribution of charges leading to unique phenomena including multiple complexation windows and complexation on the wrong side of the isoelectric point.

Plasma Contact Activation and Decrease of Factor V Activity on Negatively-Charged Polyelectrolytes

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 061-064 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Boffa ◽  
B Dreyer ◽  
C Pusineri
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Contact Activation ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽  
Plasma Factor ◽  
Fresh Plasma ◽  
Direct Adsorption

SummaryThe effect of negatively-charged polymers, used in some artificial devices, on plasma clotting and kinin systems was studied in vitro using polyelectrolyte complexes.Contact activation was observed as an immediate, transient and surface-dependent phenomenon. After incubation of the plasma with the polymer a small decrease of factor XII activity was noticed, which corresponded to a greater reduction of prekallikrein activity and to a marked kinin release. No significant decrease of factor XII, prekallikrein, HMW kininogen could be detected immunologically. Only the initial contact of the plasma with the polyelectrolyte lead to activation, subsequently the surface became inert.Beside contact activation, factor V activity also decreased in the plasma. The decrease was surface and time-dependent. It was independent of contact factor activation, and appeared to be related to the sulfonated groups of the polymer. If purified factor V was used instead of plasma factor V, inactivation was immediate and not time-dependent suggesting a direct adsorption on the surface. A second incubation of the plasma-contacted polymer with fresh plasma resulted in a further loss of Factor V activity.

In vitro effect of prolactin on the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of rats

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melo Ocarino Natalia de ◽  
Silvia Silva Santos ◽  
Lorena Rocha ◽  
Juneo Freitas ◽  
Reis Amanda Maria Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Vitro Effect

In situ Time-Resolved Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Reveals the Formation Kinetics of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wu ◽  
Jeffrey Ting ◽  
Siqi Meng ◽  
Matthew Tirrell
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Ray Scattering

We have directly observed the <i>in situ</i> self-assembly kinetics of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) micelles by synchrotron time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering, equipped with a stopped-flow device that provides millisecond temporal resolution. This work has elucidated one general kinetic pathway for the process of PEC micelle formation, which provides useful physical insights for increasing our fundamental understanding of complexation and self-assembly dynamics driven by electrostatic interactions that occur on ultrafast timescales.

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