Feedback for Learning in Pharmacy Education: A Scoping Review

Feedback is an effective pedagogy aimed to create cognitive dissonance and reinforce learning as a key component of clinical training programs. Pharmacy learners receive constant feedback. However, there is limited understanding of how feedback is utilized in pharmacy education. This scoping review sought to summarize the breadth and depth of the use of feedback within pharmacy education and identify areas for future research. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for English articles since January 2000 to identify studies related to feedback in pharmacy education. Sixty-four articles were included for analysis, stratified by moderate and major theory talk, where moderate theory talk explicitly included feedback into study design and major theory talk included feedback into both study design and analysis. Feedback was provided in Bachelor (14%), Master (15.6%), Doctor of Pharmacy (67.2%) and post-graduate programs (4.7%) on a variety of curricular objectives including communication and patient work up in didactic, objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), and experiential settings, and career/interview preparation in the co-curriculum. Feedback comments were mostly written in didactic courses, and both written and verbal in OSCE, experiential, and co-curricular settings. The pharmacy education feedback literature lacks depth beyond student perceptions, especially with respect to assessing the effectiveness and quality of feedback for learning. While feedback has been utilized throughout pharmacy education across myriad outcomes, several areas for inquiry exist which can inform the design of faculty and preceptor development programs, ensuring provision of effective, quality feedback to pharmacy learners.

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Developing advanced hospital pharmacy practice experiences in a Bachelor of Pharmacy programme in Jordan: A novel training programme and evaluation of student perceptions

Pharmacy Education ◽

10.46542/pe.2021.211.334343 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 334-343

Author(s):

Yazan S. Batarseh ◽

Michael J. Rouse ◽

Rowan AlEjielat ◽

Anas Khaleel ◽

Mohammad Aluwidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Student Perceptions ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Patient Adherence ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Training Programme ◽

Pharmacy Education ◽

Pharmacy Students ◽

Main Challenge ◽

Study Population ◽

The University

Objective: To describe, introduce, and assess student perceptions of a structured clinical training programme for pharmacy students that meets the expectations of advanced pharmacy practice experiences of Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) programmes accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education. Methods: A clinical training programme was held from July to September 2019. Training included hands-on hospital rotations focusing on essential pillars of pharmaceutical care including ensuring proper medical indication, effectiveness, safety, and patient adherence (total of 160 hours). The study population included 35 senior pharmacy students from the University of Petra. Results: Qualitative answers from students showed positive responses associated with the programme’s pre-training orientation, clinical training, preceptors involved, and student’s clinical knowledge and skills. Conclusion: The piloted introduction of a structured clinical training programme for pharmacy students was successful. Students reported positive evaluations and perceptions of clinical training sites and staff as well as their clinical and practical skills. The main challenge students encountered was transportation to the practice site.

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Resilience Training Programs in Organizational Contexts: A Scoping Review

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Ianina Scheuch ◽

Natalie Peters ◽

Max S. Lohner ◽

Caroline Muss ◽

Carmela Aprea ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Study Design ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Training Programs ◽

Well Being ◽

Future Research ◽

Organizational Contexts ◽

Resilience Training ◽

And Performance ◽

Program Characteristics ◽

Number Of Publications

The importance of resilience for employees' well-being and performance at work has grown steadily in recent years. This development has become even more pronounced through the recent COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, including major changes in occupational settings. Although there is increasing interest in resilience in general and a growing number of publications focusing on the development of resilience in particular, many questions remain about resilience training, especially in organizational contexts. The purpose of this scoping review is to uncover what is known about resilience training in organizational contexts. A systematic search of four databases for articles published through 2021 was conducted. A total of 48 studies focusing on resilience training programs in organizational contexts were included in this review. The review provides relevant insights into resilience training programs by focusing on program characteristics, target group, study design, and outcomes. Based on the results, the main aspects that concern the development of resilience training programs for organizational settings and requirements for the study design for empirical investigation were summarized. The results of the review highlight possible directions for future research and offer useful insights for resilience-enhancing training programs in organizations.

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Mapping evidence on community-based clinical education models for undergraduate physiotherapy students: a scoping review protocol

10.21203/rs.2.19449/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nomzamo Thobekile Chemane ◽

Saul Cobbing ◽

Verusia Chetty

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Clinical Education ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Boolean Logic ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Community Based ◽

Physiotherapy Students

Abstract Background: Community-based clinical training has been advocated as an excellent approach to transformation in clinical education. Clinical education for undergraduate physiotherapy students is a hands-on practical experience that aims to provide a student with skills to be fit to practice independently. However, in many countries, including South Africa, this training has been conducted in large urban academic hospitals. Such hospitals are not a true reflection of the environment that these students will be faced with as practicing healthcare professionals. The purpose of this scoping review was to map out existing evidence on community-based clinical education models for undergraduate physiotherapy students globally.Methods: A systematic scoping review will be based on the 2005 Arksey and O’Malley framework. Studies involving students and stakeholders in clinical education will be included. This review will not be limited by time. An electronic search of relevant literature, including peer-reviewed primary studies and grey literature, will be conducted from PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. The search strategy will include keywords such as “education,” “physiotherapy,” “undergraduate,” “community-based," "training," "decentralized," and "distributed." Boolean logic will be used for each search string. Two independent reviewers will conduct screening of titles, abstracts, and full text before extracting articles. A predesigned data-charting table will supplement the extraction of data. Version 12 NVIVO software will aide in the thematic analysis of data.Discussion: The evidence obtained from the extracted data will assist in the development of a model of community-based clinical education for undergraduate physiotherapy students in South Africa, and serve as a basis for future research. The discussion of this evidence will be guided by the research question utilizing a critical narrative approach to explore emerging themes. The enablers and barriers identified from the reviewed studies can guide the development of a community-based clinical education model.

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A review of career interventions from an educational perspective: Have investigations shed any light?

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024//1421-0185.59.4.227 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 227-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Lee-Ann Prideaux ◽

Peter A. Creed ◽

Juanita Muller ◽

Wendy Patton

Keyword(s):

Career Development ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Future Research ◽

Development Programs ◽

Career Intervention ◽

Career Interventions ◽

International Trends ◽

Specific Career ◽

Education Interventions ◽

Development Literature

Despite widespread acknowledgement of the importance of career development programs to assist students in their complex transition from school to work, very few specific career education interventions have been objectively evaluated. The aim of this paper is to highlight what the authors consider to be a conspicuous shortfall in the career development literature to date, that is, reports of methodologically sound career intervention studies carried out in actual high school settings. International trends in the world of work are briefly discussed in association with the repercussions these changes are producing for today's youth. The major portion of this article is devoted to a comprehensive review of career intervention studies with particular attention paid to the methodological and theoretical issues that resonate from this review process. Recommendations for future research are proposed.

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Applied sport science and medicine of women’s rugby codes: a systematic-scoping review and consensus on future research priorities protocol

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. e001108

Author(s):

Omar Heyward ◽

Stacey Emmonds ◽

Gregory Roe ◽

Sean Scantlebury ◽

Keith Stokes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Research Priorities ◽

Consensus Method ◽

Future Research ◽

Delphi Consensus ◽

Medicine Research ◽

Sport Science ◽

Priority Areas ◽

Wide Range ◽

Scoping Reviews

Women’s rugby (rugby league, rugby union and rugby sevens) has recently grown in participation and professionalisation. There is under-representation of women-only cohorts within applied sport science and medicine research and within the women’s rugby evidence base. The aims of this article are: Part 1: to undertake a systematic-scoping review of the applied sport science and medicine of women’s rugby, and Part 2: to develop a consensus statement on future research priorities. This article will be designed in two parts: Part 1: a systematic-scoping review, and Part 2: a three-round Delphi consensus method. For Part 1, systematic searches of three electronic databases (PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost)) will be performed from the earliest record. These databases will be searched to identify any sport science and medicine themed studies within women’s rugby. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews will be adhered to. Part 2 involves a three-round Delphi consensus method to identify future research priorities. Identified experts in women’s rugby will be provided with overall findings from Part 1 to inform decision-making. Participants will then be asked to provide a list of research priority areas. Over the three rounds, priority areas achieving consensus (≥70% agreement) will be identified. This study has received institutional ethical approval. When complete, the manuscript will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings of this article will have relevance for a wide range of stakeholders in women’s rugby, including policymakers and governing bodies.

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A Novel Approach to Pharmacy Practice Law Instruction

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy9020075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Matthew Deneff ◽

Lisa M. Holle ◽

Jill M. Fitzgerald ◽

Kathryn Wheeler

Keyword(s):

Student Perceptions ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Pharmacy Education ◽

Survey Study ◽

State Laws ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Study Results ◽

Course Changes ◽

Main Component

Pharmacy law instruction is often taught as a didactic course; however practical application of pharmacy law is a main component of pharmacy practice. Technology-based simulations are becoming more frequently used to enhance didactic pharmacy education. The goal of this study was to evaluate the utility of and student perceptions on the usefulness of MyDispense community pharmacy simulation for additional law instruction that if successful might prompt curricular revamping. This Institutional Review Board–approved, two-year, qualitative, prospective, survey study was conducted in a case study class where students completed MyDispense exercises focused on common legal issues that arise in practice, both individually before and within groups during class. Participating students completed a qualitative survey directed at use of MyDispense for pharmacy law review, which included a series of close-ended questions graded on a Likert scale and open-ended questions thematically grouped. Thirty-eight (41%) and twenty-eight (31%) students completed surveys in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The majority of respondents felt exercises improved their understanding of pharmacy laws, focused on challenging areas, and were more interesting than additional lectures. However, certain topics were reported as irrelevant based on practice experiences or not ideal for simulation, and students desired exercises on state laws versus pharmacy policies. Students reported the MyDispense simulation exercises helped them to recall pharmacy laws and focus on topics that were challenging. These study results prompted curricular revamping to incorporate MyDispense throughout the curriculum for practice in recognizing and solving legal scenarios, along with didactic course changes.

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A Scoping Review of Telehealth-Assisted Case Management for Chronic Illnesses

Western Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/01939459211008917 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 019394592110089

Author(s):

Jee Young Joo ◽

Megan F. Liu

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Case Management ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Access To Health Care ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Management Practice ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Chronic Illnesses ◽

Future Research

This scoping review aimed to examine telehealth-assisted case management for chronic illnesses and assess its overall impact on health care delivery. Guided by the PRISMA statement, this review included 36 empirical studies published between 2011 and 2020. This study identified three weaknesses and four strengths of telehealth-assisted case management. While the weaknesses were negative feelings about telehealth, challenges faced by patients in learning and using telehealth devices, and increased workload for case managers, the strengths included efficient and timely care, increased access to health care services, support for patients’ satisfaction, and cost savings. Future research can be designed and conducted for overcoming the weaknesses of telehealth-assisted case management. Additionally, the strengths identified by this review need to be translated from research into case management practice for chronic illness care. This review not only describes the value of such care strategy, but also provides implications for future nursing practice and research.

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Limited evidence for return to sport testing after ACL reconstruction in children and adolescents under 16 years: a scoping review

Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics ◽

10.1186/s40634-020-00298-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Martijn Dietvorst ◽

Maarten H. Brzoskowski ◽

Marieke van der Steen ◽

Eugenie Delvaux ◽

Rob P. A. Janssen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Acl Reconstruction ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Return To Sport ◽

Test Battery ◽

Ligament Injury ◽

Future Research ◽

Movement Quality ◽

Patient Reported ◽

Strength Tests

Abstract Specific return to sport criteria for children and adolescents after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction are unknown. The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of current tests regarding return to sport for children and adolescents. This scoping review was performed according to the PRISMA statement. A systematic search was performed on PubMed and EMBASE. The inclusion criteria were diagnostic and prognostic studies evaluating tests regarding return to sport after ACL injury and reconstruction in children/adolescents (age < 18 years). Twenty-six studies were included, of which 22 studies evaluated tests in the age category of 16 to 18 years. All studies evaluated tests after ACL reconstruction, no studies have been conducted in non-operative patients. Strength tests, movement quality and patient reported outcomes measures (PROMs) are investigated most frequently. Clearance for return to sport should be based on a test battery including strength tests, movement quality during sport-specific tasks and (paediatric) patient reported outcome measures. There are no recommendations on which specific tests regarding quantity and quality of movement should be used. Future research should aim at at developing and validating a test battery including movement quality and neuromotor control in a sport-specific context for both younger children and adolescents after both operative and non-operative treatment.

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Hypnotherapy for Procedural Pain and Distress in Children: A scoping Review Protocol

Pain Medicine ◽

10.1093/pm/pnab038 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daly Geagea ◽

Zephanie Tyack ◽

Roy Kimble ◽

Lars Eriksson ◽

Vince Polito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Procedural Pain ◽

Future Research ◽

Theoretical Frameworks ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Pharmacological Agents ◽

Review Protocol ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Objective Inadequately treated pain and distress elicited by medical procedures can put children at higher risks of acute and chronic biopsychosocial sequelae. Children can benefit from hypnotherapy, a psychological tailored intervention, as an adjunct to pharmacological agents to address the multiple components of pain and distress. Despite providing evidence on the effectiveness and potential superiority of hypnotherapy to other psychological interventions, research on hypnotherapy for paediatric procedural pain and distress has been predominantly limited to oncology and needle procedures. Plus, there is a lack of reporting of intervention manuals, factors influencing hypnotic responding, pain unpleasantness outcomes, theoretical frameworks, adverse events, as well as barriers and facilitators to the feasibility of delivering the intervention and study procedures. The proposed review aims to map the range and nature of the evidence on hypnotherapy for procedural pain and distress in children to identify gaps in literature and areas requiring further investigation. Methods This review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) methodology and incorporate additional scoping review recommendations by The Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. Relevant studies will be identified through searching published literature databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science) and grey literature in addition to hand-searching of reference lists and key journals. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts of search results followed by full-texts review against eligibility criteria. Conclusion Findings are anticipated to guide future research and inform the development of tailored hypnotic interventions in children.

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A Scoping Review of Resilience in Survivors of Human Trafficking

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838020985561 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152483802098556

Author(s):

Logan Knight ◽

Yitong Xin ◽

Cecilia Mengo

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Scoping Review ◽

National Origin ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Needs ◽

Standardized Measures ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Current State ◽

Case Files ◽

Sexual Trafficking

Resilience is critical among survivors of trafficking as they are mostly vulnerable populations who face multiple adversities before, during, and after trafficking. However, resilience in survivors of trafficking is understudied. This scoping review aims to clarify the current state of knowledge, focusing on definitions of resilience, how resilience has been studied, and factors associated with resilience among survivors. Five databases were searched using key words related to trafficking and resilience. Studies were included if they were published in English between 2000 and 2019 and focused on resilience with the study design including at least one of these four features: (a) use of standardized measures of resilience, (b) qualitative descriptions of resilience, (c) participants were survivors or professionals serving survivors, and (d) data sources such as case files or program manuals directly pertained to survivors. Eighteen studies were identified. Findings indicated that resilience was primarily described as emergent from interactions between the survivor and the environment. Resilience in trafficking appeared largely similar to resilience in other kinds of victimization. Nonetheless, trafficking survivors also may display resilience in alternative ways such as refusing treatment. Positive interpersonal relationships were the most commonly mentioned resilience factor. In addition, current research lacks studies featuring longitudinal designs, interventions, participatory methods, types of trafficking other than sexual trafficking, and demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and national origin. Future research needs to establish definitions and measures of resilience that are culturally and contextually relevant to survivors and build knowledge necessary for designing and evaluating resilience-enhancing interventions.

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