scholarly journals Whole-Genome DNA Methylation Analysis in Hydrogen Peroxide Overproducing Transgenic Tobacco Resistant to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Ana L. Villagómez-Aranda ◽  
Luis F. García-Ortega ◽  
Irineo Torres-Pacheco ◽  
Ramón G. Guevara-González
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

Epigenetic regulation is a key component of stress responses, acclimatization and adaptation processes in plants. DNA methylation is a stable mark plausible for the inheritance of epigenetic traits, such that it is a potential scheme for plant breeding. However, the effect of modulators of stress responses, as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in the methylome status has not been elucidated. A transgenic tobacco model to the CchGLP gene displayed high H2O2 endogen levels correlated with biotic and abiotic stresses resistance. The present study aimed to determine the DNA methylation status changes in the transgenic model to obtain more information about the molecular mechanism involved in resistance phenotypes. The Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing analysis revealed a minimal impact of overall levels and distribution of methylation. A total of 9432 differential methylated sites were identified in distinct genome regions, most of them in CHG context, with a trend to hypomethylation. Of these, 1117 sites corresponded to genes, from which 83 were also differentially expressed in the plants. Several genes were associated with respiration, energy, and calcium signaling. The data obtained highlighted the relevance of the H2O2 in the homeostasis of the system in stress conditions, affecting at methylation level and suggesting an association of the H2O2 in the physiological adaptation to stress functional linkages may be regulated in part by DNA methylation.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide function during oxygen deprivation in physiological and stress processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Manrique-Gil ◽  
Inmaculada Sánchez-Vicente ◽  
Isabel Torres-Quezada ◽  
Oscar Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Proteolytic Pathway ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Plants are aerobic organisms that have evolved to maintain specific requirements for oxygen (O2), leading to a correct respiratory energy supply during growth and development. There are certain plant developmental cues and biotic or abiotic stress responses where O2 is scarce. This O2 deprivation known as hypoxia may occur in hypoxic niches of plant-specific tissues and during adverse environmental cues such as pathogen attack and flooding. In general, plants respond to hypoxia through a complex reprogramming of their molecular activities with the aim of reducing the impact of stress on their physiological and cellular homeostasis. This review focuses on the fine-tuned regulation of hypoxia triggered by a network of gaseous compounds that includes O2, ethylene, and nitric oxide. In view of recent scientific advances, we summarize the molecular mechanisms mediated by phytoglobins and by the N-degron proteolytic pathway, focusing on embryogenesis, seed imbibition, and germination, and also specific structures, most notably root apical and shoot apical meristems. In addition, those biotic and abiotic stresses that comprise hypoxia are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang ◽  
Juanjuan Li ◽  
Faisal Islam ◽  
Luyang Hu ◽  
Jiansu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

Abstract Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes. Therefore, these functional genes related to increasing the plant tolerance or improving the crop quality, could be applied for the crop improvement..

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang ◽  
Juanjuan Li ◽  
Faisal Islam ◽  
Luyang Hu ◽  
Jiansu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

Abstract Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes and will be beneficial to crop improvement.

scholarly journals Systematic Analysis of the DNA Methylase and Demethylase Gene Families in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and Their Expression Variations After Salt and Heat stresses

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihang Fan ◽  
Hongfang Liu ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Wei Hua ◽  
Shouming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Dna Methylase ◽  
Dna Demethylase

DNA methylation is a process through which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule, thereby modifying the activity of a DNA segment without changing the sequence. Increasing evidence has shown that DNA methylation is involved in various aspects of plant growth and development via a number of key processes including genomic imprinting and repression of transposable elements. DNA methylase and demethylase are two crucial enzymes that play significant roles in dynamically maintaining genome DNA methylation status in plants. In this work, 22 DNA methylase genes and six DNA demethylase genes were identified in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genome. These DNA methylase and DNA demethylase genes can be classified into four (BnaCMTs, BnaMET1s, BnaDRMs and BnaDNMT2s) and three (BnaDMEs, BnaDML3s and BnaROS1s) subfamilies, respectively. Further analysis of gene structure and conserved domains showed that each sub-class is highly conserved between rapeseed and Arabidopsis. Expression analysis conducted by RNA-seq as well as qRT-PCR suggested that these DNA methylation/demethylation-related genes may be involved in the heat/salt stress responses in rapeseed. Taken together, our findings may provide valuable information for future functional characterization of these two types of epigenetic regulatory enzymes in polyploid species such as rapeseed, as well as for analyzing their evolutionary relationships within the plant kingdom.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Characterization and Identification of Trihelix Transcription Factor and Expression Profiling in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaming Li ◽  
Minghui Zhang ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Xinrui Mao ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rice Genome ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Signal Molecule

Trihelix transcription factors play a role in plant growth, development and various stress responses. Here, we identified 41 trihelix family genes in the rice genome. These OsMSLs (Myb/SANT-LIKE) were located on twelve chromosomes. Synteny analysis indicated only six duplicated gene pairs in the rice trihelix family. Phylogenetic analysis of these OsMSLs and the trihelix genes from other species divided them into five clusters. OsMSLs from different groups significantly diverged in terms of gene structure and conserved functional domains. However, all OsMSLs contained the same five cis-elements. Some of these were responsive to light and dehydration stress. All OsMSLs expressed in four tissues and six developmental stages of rice but with different expression patterns. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the OsMSLs responded to abiotic stresses including drought and high salt stress and stress signal molecule including ABA (abscisic acid), hydrogen peroxide. OsMSL39 were simultaneously expressed under all treatments, while OsMSL28 showed high expression under hydrogen peroxide, drought, and high salt treatments. Moreover, OsMSL16/27/33 displayed significant expression under ABA and drought treatments. Nevertheless, their responses were regulated by light. The expression levels of the 12 chosen OsMSLs differed between light and dark conditions. In conclusion, our results helped elucidate the biological functions of rice trihelix genes and provided a theoretical basis for further characterizing their biological roles in responding to abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
A-Li Li ◽  
Zhuang Wen ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Xiao-Peng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus

MicroRNA396 (miR396) is a conserved microRNA family that targets growth-regulating factors (GRFs), which play significant roles in plant growth and stress responses. Available evidence justifies the idea that miR396-targeted GRFs have important functions in many plant species; however, no genome-wide analysis of the pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) miR396 gene has yet been reported. Further, its biological functions remain elusive. To uncover the regulatory roles of miR396 and its targets, the hairpin sequence of pitaya miR396b and the open reading frame (ORF) of its target, HpGRF6, were isolated from pitaya. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the precursor miR396b (MIR396b) gene of plants might be clustered into three major groups, and, generally, a more recent evolutionary relationship in the intra-family has been demonstrated. The sequence analysis indicated that the binding site of hpo-miR396b in HpGRF6 is located at the conserved motif which codes the conserved “RSRKPVE” amino acid in the Trp–Arg–Cys (WRC) region. In addition, degradome sequencing analysis confirmed that four GRFs (GRF1, c56908.graph_c0; GRF4, c52862.graph_c0; GRF6, c39378.graph_c0 and GRF9, c54658.graph_c0) are hpo-miR396b targets that are regulated by specific cleavage at the binding site between the 10th and 11th nucleotides from the 5′ terminus of hpo-miR396b. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that hpo-miR396b is down-regulated when confronted with drought stress (15% polyethylene glycol, PEG), and its expression fluctuates under other abiotic stresses, i.e., low temperature (4 ± 1 °C), high temperature (42 ± 1 °C), NaCl (100 mM), and abscisic acid (ABA; 0.38 mM). Conversely, the expression of HpGRF6 showed the opposite trend to exposure to these abiotic stresses. Taken together, hpo-miR396b plays a regulatory role in the control of HpGRF6, which might influence the abiotic stress response of pitaya. This is the first documentation of this role in pitaya and improves the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance to drought stress in this fruit.

Proteomic and metabolomic profiles in transgenic tobacco (N. tabacum xanthi nc) to CchGLP from Capsicum chinense BG-3821 resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cardenas-Manríquez ◽  
I. Vega-Muñoz ◽  
A.L. Villagómez-Aranda ◽  
M.F. León-Galvan ◽  
A. Cruz-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

scholarly journals Whole-genome DNA methylation status associated with clinical PTSD measures of OIF/OEF veterans

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e1169-e1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Hammamieh ◽  
N Chakraborty ◽  
A Gautam ◽  
S Muhie ◽  
R Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Whole Genome

scholarly journals Signal Integration by Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8 (CDK8) Module and Other Mediator Subunits in Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Leelyn Chong ◽  
Xiaoning Shi ◽  
Yingfang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Signal Integration ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Plant Transcriptome

Environmental stresses have driven plants to develop various mechanisms to acclimate in adverse conditions. Extensive studies have demonstrated that a significant reprogramming occurs in the plant transcriptome in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. The highly conserved and large multi-subunit transcriptional co-activator of eukaryotes, known as the Mediator, has been reported to play a substantial role in the regulation of important genes that help plants respond to environmental perturbances. CDK8 module is a relatively new component of the Mediator complex that has been shown to contribute to plants’ defense, development, and stress responses. Previous studies reported that CDK8 module predominantly acts as a transcriptional repressor in eukaryotic cells by reversibly associating with core Mediator. However, growing evidence has demonstrated that depending on the type of biotic and abiotic stress, the CDK8 module may perform a contrasting regulatory role. This review will summarize the current knowledge of CDK8 module as well as other previously documented Mediator subunits in plant cell signaling under stress conditions.

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