Metabolomics Response to Drought Stress in Morus alba L. Variety Yu-711

Mulberry is an economically significant crop for the sericulture industry worldwide. Stresses such as drought exposure have a significant influence on plant survival. Because metabolome directly reflects plant physiological condition, performing a global metabolomic analysis is one technique to examine this influence. Using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique based on an untargeted metabolomic approach, the effect of drought stress on mulberry Yu-711 metabolic balance was examined. For this objective, Yu-711 leaves were subjected to two weeks of drought stress treatment and control without drought stress. Numerous differentially accumulated metabolic components in response to drought stress treatment were revealed by multivariate and univariate statistical analysis. Drought stress treatment (EG) revealed a more differentiated metabolite response than the control (CK). We found that the levels of total lipids, galactolipids, and phospholipids (PC, PA, PE) were significantly altered, producing 48% of the total differentially expressed metabolites. Fatty acyls components were the most abundant lipids expressed and decreased considerably by 73.6%. On the other hand, the prenol lipids class of lipids increased in drought leaves. Other classes of metabolites, including polyphenols (flavonoids and cinnamic acid), organic acid (amino acids), carbohydrates, benzenoids, and organoheterocyclic, had a dynamic trend in response to the drought stress. However, their levels under drought stress decreased significantly compared to the control. These findings give an overview for the understanding of global plant metabolic changes in defense mechanisms by revealing the mulberry plant metabolic profile through differentially accumulated compounds.

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Metabolomics Response to Drought Stress in Morus alba L. variety Yu-711

10.20944/preprints202107.0111.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Ackah ◽

Yisu Shi ◽

Mengmeng Wu ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Guo Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Total Lipids ◽

Metabolomic Analysis ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

And Control ◽

Fatty Acyls ◽

Mulberry Plant ◽

Metabolomic Approach

Mulberry is an economically significant crop for the sericulture industry worldwide. Stresses such as drought exposure have a significant influence on plant survival. Metabolome directly reflects plant physiological status; thus, a way to assess this impact is to perform a global metabolomic analysis. This study investigated the effect of drought stress on mulberry Yu-711 metabolic balance using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based on an untargeted metabolomic approach. For this objective, Yu-711 leaves were subjected to two weeks of drought stress treatment and control without drought stress. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses highlighted numerous differentially-accumulated metabolic elements as a function of time and treatment. Drought stress led to a more differentiated metabolites response than the control. We found that the levels of total lipids and galactolipids, and phospholipids (PC, PA, PE) were significantly altered, producing 48% of the total differentially expressed metabolites. Fatty acyls were the most abundant lipids expressed and decreased considerably by 73.6%. Prenol lipids class of lipids increased in drought leaves. Other classes of metabolites, including polyphenols( flavonoids and cinnamic acid), organic acid (amino acids), carbohydrates, benzenoids, and organoheterocyclic, all had a dynamic trend in response to the drought stress. However, their levels under drought stress generally decreased significantly compared to the control. These results provide an overview of the metabolic profile of the mulberry plant through differentially-accumulated compounds and provide a better understanding of global plant metabolic changes in defense mechanisms.

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Untargeted Metabolomics Approach Reveals Diverse Responses of Pastinaca Sativa to Ozone and Wounding Stresses

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo9070153 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 153

Author(s):

Gianni Galati ◽

Anthony Gandin ◽

Yves Jolivet ◽

Romain Larbat ◽

Alain Hehn

Keyword(s):

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Ozone Exposure ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Pastinaca Sativa ◽

Metabolomic Analysis ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Mechanical Wounding ◽

Atmospheric Pollutant ◽

Fatty Acyls ◽

Metabolomic Approach

Stresses such as wounding or atmospheric pollutant exposure have a significant impact on plant fitness. Since it has been widely described that the metabolome directly reflects plant physiological status, a way to assess this impact is to perform a global metabolomic analysis. In this study, we investigated the effect of two abiotic stresses (mechanical wounding and ozone exposure) on parsnip metabolic balance using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic approach. For this purpose, parsnip leaves were submitted to an acute ozone exposure or were mechanically wounded and sampled 24, 48, and 72 h post-treatment. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses highlighted numerous differentially-accumulated metabolic features as a function of time and treatment. Mechanical wounding led to a more differentiated response than ozone exposure. We found that the levels of coumarins and fatty acyls increased in wounded leaves, while flavonoid concentration decreased in the same conditions. These results provide an overview of metabolic destabilization through differentially-accumulated compounds and provide a better understanding of global plant metabolic changes in defense mechanisms.

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Drought Response in Rice: The miRNA Story

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20153766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (15) ◽

pp. 3766 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kalaivani Nadarajah ◽

Ilakiya Sharanee Kumar

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Aquatic Plant ◽

Target Genes ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

In Planta ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

And Control

As a semi-aquatic plant, rice requires water for proper growth, development, and orientation of physiological processes. Stress is induced at the cellular and molecular level when rice is exposed to drought or periods of low water availability. Plants have existing defense mechanisms in planta that respond to stress. In this review we examine the role played by miRNAs in the regulation and control of drought stress in rice through a summary of molecular studies conducted on miRNAs with emphasis on their contribution to drought regulatory networks in comparison to other plant systems. The interaction between miRNAs, target genes, transcription factors and their respective roles in drought-induced stresses is elaborated. The cross talk involved in controlling drought stress responses through the up and down regulation of targets encoding regulatory and functional proteins is highlighted. The information contained herein can further be explored to identify targets for crop improvement in the future.

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Drought stress and osmo-priming effects on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Ocimum basilicum

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE ◽

10.24297/jaa.v6i1.5397 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 905-913

Author(s):

Bahram Majd Nassiry ◽

Neda Mohammadi

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Total Protein ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Ocimum Basilicum ◽

Field Development ◽

Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽

Germination Characteristics ◽

And Control

Â Â Â One of the effects of reducing water content on soil is reduction of growth and development of seedlings and variation of field development. Seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stresses. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of osmo-priming on germination characteristics and changes of proline, protein and catalase activity of Ocimum basilicum seeds. Results showed that drought stress reduced the germination characteristics and drought stress in -8 bar was the critical stress.Â Priming treatments were include KNO3, PEG and NaCl by 0, -4 and -8 bar concentrations. The seeds were primed with those materials for 8 and 16 hours. The highest germination characteristics were obtained from nitrate potassium in -8 bar for 16 hours priming. Therefore the best seed treatment under drought stress during germination was obtained from the osmo-primed with -8 bar nitrate potassium for 16 hours. The drought stress increased proline and catalase activity but reduced total protein. Priming treatment increases proline, total protein and catalase activity under drought and control conditions. It is concluded that priming results in improvement in germination components of Ocimum basilicum in drought stress conditions and increases the resistance to drought stress with improvement of proline, protein and catalase activity in germination phase.

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Spermine: Its Emerging Role in Regulating Drought Stress Responses in Plants

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10020261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 261

Author(s):

Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽

Milan Skalicky ◽

Mohammad Shah Jahan ◽

Md. Nazmul Hossain ◽

Zunaira Anwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Severe Drought ◽

New Information ◽

Effects Of Drought

In recent years, research on spermine (Spm) has turned up a lot of new information about this essential polyamine, especially as it is able to counteract damage from abiotic stresses. Spm has been shown to protect plants from a variety of environmental insults, but whether it can prevent the adverse effects of drought has not yet been reported. Drought stress increases endogenous Spm in plants and exogenous application of Spm improves the plants’ ability to tolerate drought stress. Spm’s role in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, glyoxalase systems, methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification, and creating tolerance for drought-induced oxidative stress is well documented in plants. However, the influences of enzyme activity and osmoregulation on Spm biosynthesis and metabolism are variable. Spm interacts with other molecules like nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, to coordinate the reactions necessary for developing drought tolerance. This review focuses on the role of Spm in plants under severe drought stress. We have proposed models to explain how Spm interacts with existing defense mechanisms in plants to improve drought tolerance.

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Characterization of a Drought-Inducible Dehydrin Promoter from Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.7.01.28-36 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (01) ◽

pp. 28-36

Author(s):

Hayati Minarsih Iskandar ◽

Sonny Suhandono ◽

Jembar Pambudi ◽

Tati Kristianti ◽

Riza Arief Putranto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Tobacco Plant ◽

Inducible Promoter ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Blue Color ◽

Drought Treatment ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Gus Reporter ◽

Transformed Tobacco

Dehydrin (DHN) is known to play an important role in plant response and adaptation to abiotic stresses (drought, high salinity, cold, heat, etc.). Previous research reported the increased expression of DHN in sugarcane stems exposed to drought stress for 15 days which may be controlled by its corresponding stress inducible promoter. The DHN promoter was succesfully isolated from sugarcane variety PSJT 941 (Pr-1DHNSo) and was cloned to pBI121 expression vector fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene. The aim of this research was the functional testing of the Pr-1DHNSo promoter through transformation into tobacco plant treated with in vitro drought stress. Genetic transformation of Pr-1DHNSo construct was conducted by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The transformed tobacco was then subjected to drought stress treatment using 40% PEG 6000 for five sequential incubations (0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours). The GUS assay reveal that the transformed tobacco treated with drought stress showed a blue color denoting GUS activity in leaf, stem and root tissues and this expression increased along with the length of the drought treatment. The analysis of gusA gene using real time-qPCR normalized to the L25 reference gene also showed that the expression increased in line with the length of time of drought stress. The results presented in this study indicated that the Pr-1DHNSo promoter from sugarcane was expressed and induced by drought stress treatment in tobacco.

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Evaluation of Effect of Brassinolide in Brassica juncea Leaves under Drought Stress in Field Conditions

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7110514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 514

Author(s):

Naveen Naveen ◽

Nisha Kumari ◽

Ram Avtar ◽

Minakshi Jattan ◽

Sushil Ahlawat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Brassica Juncea ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Flower Initiation ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Stress Indicators ◽

Enhanced Production

Drought stress is considered to be a major factor responsible for reduced agricultural productivity, because it is often linked to other major abiotic stresses, such as salinity and heat stress. Understanding drought-tolerance mechanisms is important for crop improvement. Moreover, under drought conditions, it is possible that growth regulators are able to protect the plants. Brassinosteroids not only play a regulatory role in plant growth, but also organize defense mechanisms against various tresses. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of brassinolide on physio-biochemical amendment in two contrasting cultivars (drought-tolerant RH 725, and drought-sensitive RH 749) of Brassica juncea under drought stress. Two foliar sprayings with brassinolide (10 and 20 mg/L) were carried out in both cultivars (RH 725 and RH 749) at two stages—i.e., flower initiation, and 50% flowering—under stress conditions. The results clearly revealed that the activities of antioxidative enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants (carotenoids, ascorbic acid, and proline) increased significantly in RH 725 at 50% flowering, whereas 20 mg/L of brassinolide showed the most promising response. The different oxidative stress indicators (i.e., hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage) decreased to a significant extent at 20 mg/L of brassinolide spray in RH 725 at 50% flowering. This study indicates that brassinolide intensifies the physio-biochemical attributes by improving the antioxidant system and photosynthetic efficiency in RH 725 at 50% flowering. It is assumed that enhanced production of proline, improvement of the antioxidant system, and reduction in the amount of stress indicators impart strength to the plants to combat the stress conditions.

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Alterations in plasma constituents, growth and egg production traits due to selection in three genotypes of Japanese quail

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185961700096x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 156 (1) ◽

pp. 118-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. S. Farahat ◽

B. Y. Mahmoud ◽

E. M. El-Komy ◽

E. A. El-Full

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Japanese Quail ◽

Egg Production ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Egg Mass ◽

Production Traits ◽

Total Lipids ◽

Laying Performance ◽

Productive Traits ◽

And Control

AbstractThe present investigation was carried out to estimate the effects of genotype and sex on growth and laying performance and assess the variations in plasma constituents in the tested genotypes and their relations with productive traits after four generations of selection. Data of growth and laying performance on 1440 females and males of Japanese quail were taken from the three quail genotypes: maternal (MG), long shank length (LSG28) and control (CG) genotypes. Genotype significantly affected all studied growth productive traits, favouring selected genotypes. The LSG28surpassed MG in total protein, albumin (Alb), globulin (Glob), triglycerides and Alb/Glob ratio and lowered both cholesterol and total lipids (TL). Sex significantly favoured females, which had higher body weight, longer shank length at 35 days of age and higher body weight gain during the period from 1 to 35 days of age. Females showed significantly higher concentrations of both Alb and TL than males. The MG exceeded LSG28in fertility and hatchability per cent. Correlations for both growth and productive traits with plasma constituents revealed inconsistent trends in either magnitude or direction. Four generations of selection resulted in substantial phenotypic improvements in most growth and productive traits, as well as plasma constituents studied in LSG28, and favoured MG in maturity, days needed to produce the first ten eggs, higher egg production per cent and heavier egg mass.

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