Betalains in Edible Fruits of Three Cactaceae Taxa—Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia—Their LC-MS/MS and FTIR Identification and Biological Activities Evaluation

Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia plants belong to the Cactaceae family. They are mostly known as ornamental plants but also for their edible fruits, which can potentially be sources of betalains, such as betanin, a natural pigment used in the food industry, e.g., under the European label code E 162. The aim of this work was the identification of betalains (using LC-MS/MS), evaluation of total betalain content (spectrophotometrically), analysis of functional groups (using FT-IR), evaluation of antioxidant activity (using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, DCFH-DA, and reducing power methods) and evaluation of antimicrobial activity (S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans) in fruits of Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia taxa. A total of 20 betalains were identified in the studied Cactaceae fruits. The Epiphyllum pink hybrid had the highest values of total betalains amongst all samples. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the Epiphyllum pink hybrid, in Opuntia zacuapanensis and O. humifusa fruits. The antimicrobial activity assay showed that cacti fruits were not able to effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, or C. albicans. Our results prove that these fruits are good sources of natural pigments—betalains. They do not contain toxic compounds in significant amounts and they exhibit antioxidant activity.

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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Identification of Yellow Pigmented Marine Sponge-Associated Fungi from Teluk Awur, Jepara, Central Java

Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.22146/ijbiotech.26058 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mada Triandala Sibero ◽

Desy Wulan Triningsih ◽

Ocky Karna Radjasa ◽

Agus Sabdono ◽

Agus Trianto

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Marine Sponge ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Natural Pigment ◽

E Coli ◽

Central Java ◽

Potential Source ◽

Lack Of Information

Marine sponge associated fungi are known as potential source of metabolites with various biological activities. Natural pigment is one of metabolite which produced by microorgisms. Several researches reported the antimicrobial activity from natural pigment. Unfortunatelly there are lack of information about marine fungi natural pigment and its producer. The aims of this research were to identify yellow pigmented Indonesian marine sponge-associated fungi, to extract the pigment, and to study the antimicrobial activity of the pigment against clinical MDR bacteria and clinical pathogenic fungi. Sponge associated-fungus isolate MT23 was successfully identified as Trichoderma parareesei. The fungal pigment could be extracted only in methanol with yield 6,22±0,29%. The pigment could inhibitted S. typhi and E. coli MDR strains. The biggest antibacterial activity was shown by concentration 1000µg/mL against S. typhi with inhibition zone was 4.03±0.06 mm.

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Expression and Characterization of Rice-produced Recombinant Porcine Lactoferrin and its Antioxidant Activities

The Open Biotechnology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874070702014010094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 94-106

Author(s):

Kuan-Chih Lee ◽

Kun-Ting Hsieh ◽

Ray-Bin Chen ◽

Wei-Chih Lin ◽

Chang-Sheng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Signal Peptide ◽

Food Industry ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Glycosylation Sites

Background: Lactoferrin (LF) exhibits multiple beneficial biological activities and thus has been used as a health food and additive. To broaden its application in the food industry, the porcine LF (pLF) gene has been engineered into rice to produce recombinant LF (rpLF) for use as a food additive. The iron-binding and antimicrobial activities of rpLF and its positive effects on early weaned piglets have been previously evaluated, yet several features, such as the signal peptide removal, glycosylation sites and antioxidant activity of rpLF, have not been fully characterized. Objective: In this work, the rice-produced rpLF was purified and its biochemical structure and antioxidant activities characterized. Methods: HPLC, Western blot, PAS/VVL/PNA staining, Edman degradation assay, MALDI-TOF, LC-MS/MS and antioxidant activity assays were performed. Results: The results showed that this purified rpLF is a mature form of LF; its signal peptide was correctly removed, and two N-glycosylation sites located at N365 and N472 were identified. The molecular mass heterogeneity of rpLF could be eliminated by treatment with PNGase glycosidase, suggesting that different degrees of N-glycosylation occur in rpLF. A series of assays including the iron chelating activity, reducing power assay, lipid peroxidase activity and radical-scavenging activity showed that the antioxidant activity of rice-produced rpLF was equivalent to that of bovine LF. Conclusion: Rice-produced rpLF was correctly processed post-translationally and displayed antioxidant activity equivalent to that of bovine LF; thus, rice-produced rpLF can be recognized as a plant-based antioxidant to be used as a functional additive in animal feed and for the food industry.

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Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan-PE Bi-Layer Films by Incorporating Oregano Essential Oil

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.469.140 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 469 ◽

pp. 140-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hui Juan Bao ◽

Yan Jiang ◽

Jia Qi Liu ◽

Hai Yue Zhang

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Chitosan Solution ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Oregano Essential Oil ◽

E Coli ◽

Scavenging Effect

Chitosan-PE bi-layer films exhibit antimicrobial activity but poor antioxidant activity. Oregano essential oil (100μL/100mL) was incorporated into chitosan solution to improve films antioxidant and antimicrobial behaviors. The present work investigated the scavenging of O2·, ·OH, DPPH radical and reducing power of film, antimicrobial activity was also evaluated. The results showed that the scavenging effect of film solution on O2·, ·OH, and DPPH was 80.87%, 85.56%, and 87.24%, respectively. Reducing power of film increased with the improvement of oregano essential oil. The antibacterial activity againstE. ColiandB. Subtilisincreased from 80.77% to 96.15% and from 93.02% to 98.10%, respectively. The preservation experiments showed that chitosan-PE film incorporated with oregano essential oil could extend the shelf life of pork to 810 days at 4°C.

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Antimicrobial activity of polyisoprenoids of sixteen mangrove species from North Sumatra, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d190409 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 1243-1248 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

SUMARDI SUMARDI ◽

MOHAMMAD BASYUNI ◽

RIDHA WATI

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Acacia Auriculiformis ◽

Mangrove Species ◽

E Coli ◽

Nypa Fruticans ◽

Antifungal Effects ◽

North Sumatra

Sumardi, Basyuni M, Wati R. 2018. Antimicrobial activity of polyisoprenoids of sixteen mangrove species from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1243-1248. Mangroves including those that are distributed in the coast of North Sumatra containpolyisoprenoid with varying levels of polyprenol and dolichol constituents. Differences in polyisoprenoid levels were closely related tothe salinity of sea but the information about their biological activities is scarce. The present study aimed to describe the biologicalactivities, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antifungal effects of polyisoprenoid extracts from sixteen mangrove species of North Sumatra,Indonesia. Polyisoprenoids were isolated from mangrove leaves and tested for their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Meanwhile, their antioxidant activity was represented by their capacity in scavengingDPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical agents. The most predominant polyisoprenoids found in sixteen mangrove leafextracts was dolichols (75%). Polyprenols-dominant species, Acacia auriculiformis, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Pongamia pinnata, and Ricinuscommunis, and dolichols-dominant species, Avicennia lanata, Av. marina, Av. officinalis, Barringtonia asiatica, Bruguieragymnorrhiza, Calophyllum inophyllum, Nypa fruticans, and Pandanus odoratissimus, inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus.However, the antioxidant activity of those sixteen mangrove species was of a weak category. Surprisingly, all other mangrovespolyisoprenoid extracts did not inhibit C. albicans growth. This study suggested that polyisoprenoids in mangroves have potentialantibacterial properties to be developed further.

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Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of a Citrus Essential Oil and Its Fractions

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26102888 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 2888

Author(s):

Carmen M. S. Ambrosio ◽

Gloria L. Diaz-Arenas ◽

Leidy P. A. Agudelo ◽

Elena Stashenko ◽

Carmen J. Contreras-Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

E Coli ◽

Beneficial Bacterium ◽

Minor Compounds ◽

Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Relative Amount

Essential oils (EOs) from Citrus are the main by-product of Citrus-processing industries. In addition to food/beverage and cosmetic applications, citrus EOs could also potentially be used as an alternative to antibiotics in food-producing animals. A commercial citrus EO—Brazilian Orange Terpenes (BOT)—was fractionated by vacuum fractional distillation to separate BOT into various fractions: F1, F2, F3, and F4. Next, the chemical composition and biological activities of BOT and its fractions were characterized. Results showed the three first fractions had a high relative amount of limonene (≥10.86), even higher than the whole BOT. Conversely, F4 presented a larger relative amount of BOT’s minor compounds (carvone, cis-carveol, trans-carveol, cis-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol, and trans-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol) and a very low relative amount of limonene (0.08–0.13). Antibacterial activity results showed F4 was the only fraction exhibiting this activity, which was selective and higher activity on a pathogenic bacterium (E. coli) than on a beneficial bacterium (Lactobacillus sp.). However, F4 activity was lower than BOT. Similarly, F4 displayed the highest antioxidant activity among fractions (equivalent to BOT). These results indicated that probably those minor compounds that detected in F4 would be more involved in conferring the biological activities for this fraction and consequently for the whole BOT, instead of the major compound, limonene, playing this role exclusively.

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Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activity of Active Films Based on Corn Peptide Incorporated Carboxymethyl Chitosan

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings11050604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 604

Author(s):

Liyan Wang ◽

Liang Lei ◽

Kang Wan ◽

Yuan Fu ◽

Hewen Hu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽

Vapor Permeability ◽

Zone Method ◽

Oil Resistance

Active films based on carboxymethyl chitosan incorporated corn peptide were developed, and the effect of the concentration of corn peptide on films was evaluated. Physicochemical properties of the films, including thickness, opacity, moisture content, color, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and oil resistance, were measured. Biological activities of the films, including the antioxidant and antibacterial activities, were characterized in terms of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, the total antioxidant activity, and the filter disc inhibition zone method. The results indicated that the incorporation of corn peptide caused interactions between carboxymethyl chitosan and corn peptide in Maillard reaction and gave rise to the films light yellow appearance. Compared with the Control, the degree of glycosylation, browning intensity, thickness, opacity, tensile strength, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity of films were increased, but the elongation, vapor permeability, and oil resistance of films were decreased. The films based on corn peptide and carboxymethyl chitosan can potentially be applied to food packaging.

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ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF NATURAL EXTRACTS FROM LEAVES, ROOT, STEM AND FLOWERS OF BACCHARIS LATIFOLIA FROM ECUADOR

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i2.37495 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 78-84

Author(s):

FAVIAN BAYAS-MOREJON ◽

ANGELICA TIGRE ◽

RIVELINO RAMON ◽

DANILO YANEZ

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity

Objective: The increase in chronic and degenerative diseases and the use of synthetic antioxidants such as (butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)) are being restricted because they can be considered carcinogenic. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the search for natural antioxidants, especially from plants, due to their content in different bioactive compounds, such as antioxidants and antimicrobials. To evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Baccharislatifolia extracts. Methods: For the determination of the antimicrobial activity of extracts of leaves, root, stem and flowers of Baccharislatifolia (Bl), the disk plate diffusion method was used, the strains of Listeria, Salmonella and E. coli were studied; antibiotics Penicillin G and Ciprofloxacin were the controls. For the antioxidant activity, a solution of H2O2 (Abs at 230 nm) was prepared in Potassium Phosphate Monobasic-Sodium Hydroxide buffer. Results: The antimicrobial activity against Listeria and Salmonella, showed that the extracts of leaves and flowers were more effective with inhibition zones>15 mm and>20 mm respectively. In front of E. coli, the extracts of flowers and stem were the best with zones>7.0 mm. Antibiotics studied inhibited the development of Listeria and Salmonella. However, E. coli isolates were resistant. In the antioxidant activity, the flower extract of Bl in 60 mg/ml presents a higher effect with 47.25%. Conclusion: Bl extracts from leaves and flowers were more efficient both in their antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity.

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Influence of the Addition of Selected Spices on Sensory Quality and Biological Activity of Honey

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2017/6963904 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Aleksandra Wilczyńska ◽

Joanna Newerli-Guz ◽

Piotr Szweda

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Food Industry ◽

Sensory Quality ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Positive Health ◽

Functional Product ◽

Phenolics Content ◽

Growth Of Bacteria

Bee honey is nutritious and has numerous health benefits, but its taste is for many people too bland. Honey with addition of spices could be important to the food industry as a functional product with positive health image and interesting taste. Such product would definitely meet health-driven consumers’ expectations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of addition of selected spices on sensory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of honey. Results showed that the addition of spices significantly affected the taste and the smell of honey (p<0,05) and that honey with the cinnamon was the most desired and easily accepted product by the consumers. The addition of spices had no significant effect on texture and appearance. All tested samples showed the ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria and, contrary to the assumptions, the addition of spices did not cause an increase of antimicrobial activity. The results also showed that the kind and amount of added spice significantly affected the antioxidant activity: ability to scavenge free radicals and total phenolics content. The highest antioxidant activity revealed the honey with cinnamon and the lowest revealed the honey with cardamom addition.

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ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF COCOA POD THAT ASSOCIATED IN MALTODEXTRIN IN VARIOUS CONCENTRATION

AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal ◽

10.22487/j24077593.2018.v5.i2.12188 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Asriani Hasanuddin ◽

Chairil Anwar ◽

Marhawati Mappatoba ◽

Hafsah Hafsah

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Natural Food ◽

Skin Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Peel Extract

Cocoa pod extract ((Theobroma cacao L.) has antioxidant and antimicrobial activity that has the potential as a natural food preservative. However, in its use the cocoa fruit skin extract has a disadvantage because the short shelf time and its application to food are limited, efforts are needed to prevent damage and extend shelf life, one of the efforts that can be done is by encapsulating the extract.This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity and antioxidant encapsulation of cocoa peel extract, this study begins with the extraction of cocoa pods with ethanol solvent by comparing cocoa pods : solvent 1: 4 The skin of cacao cocoa fruit used is yellow harvested cocoa fruit, then chopped and dried to form flour.The sample is extracted by maceration with ethanol solvent Antioxidant test is done by DPPH method, while antibacterial test is carried out by the well diffusion method. This study used a completely randomized design method (CRD) with 5 treatments using a maltodextrin concentration of 20% (M1); 30% (M2); 40% (M3); 50% (M4) and 60% (M5). The results showed that the treatment gave the highest yield in the treatment of 60% maltodextrin concentration (M5), while the highest antioxidant activity was obtained in the treatment of 20% maltodextrin (M1) with IC50 75.98 µg / mL and the treatment with the lowest antioxidant activity was obtained at treatment of 60% maltodextrin concentration (M5) with IC50 value 114.89 µg / mL. While for the antimicrobial activity also obtained with the same results, namely treatment of 20% (M1) obtained a higher inhibition diameter compared to treatment at 30%; 40%; 50% and 60% for all types of bacteria. The inhibition diameter in the treatment of the concentration of maltodextrin 20% (M1) for E. coli bacteria is between 4.12 mm - 10.95 mm, Salmonella sp is 2.85 mm - 8 , 25 mm and for Staphylococcusaureus of 5.15 mm - 13.90 mm and the lowest inhibition diameter was obtained in the treatment of 60% maltodextrin concentration (M5) for E. coli bacteria of between 2.0 mm - 4.79 mm, Salmonella sp of 1.15 mm - 4.35 mm and for Staphylococcusaureusat 2.76 mm - 5.17 mm.This study concluded that the encapsulation of cocoa peel extract using 20% maltodextrin had the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activity when compared with other treatments namely 30% concentration; 40%; 50% and 60% but for the treatment of 20% and 30% there is no difference. Ethanol extract of cocoa pods can be made in the form of encapsulates which are very likely to be used as natural preservatives.

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Novel 1,2-thiazine-pyridine hybrid: Design, synthesis, antioxidant activity and molecular docking study

Letters in Drug Design & Discovery ◽

10.2174/1570180819666220106112650 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

Author(s):

Rania B. Bakr ◽

Nadia A.A. Elkanzi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Docking Study ◽

Molecular Docking Study ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Design Synthesis ◽

In Silico Docking

Background & objectives: 1,2-thiazine and pyridine heterocycles drew much attention due to their biological activities including antioxidant activity. Based upon fragment based drug design, novel pyrido[1,2]thiazines 9a-c, thiazolidinopyrido[1,2]thiazines 10a-c and azetidinopyrido[1,2]thiazines 11a-c were designed and prepared. Methods: These novel derivatives 9a-c, 10a-c and 11a-c were subjected to screening for their antioxidant activity via various assays as DPPH radical scavenging potential, reducing power assay and metal chelating potential. Results: All the assayed derivatives exhibited excellent antioxidant potential and the tested compounds 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a and 11b exhibited higher DPPH scavenging potential (EC50 = 32.7, 53, 36.1, 60, 40.6 and 67 µM, respectively) than ascorbic acid (EC50 = 86.58 µM). While targets 9a, 10a and 11a (RP50 = 52.19, 59.16 and 52.25 µM, respectively) exhibited better reducing power than the ascorbic acid (RP50 = 84.66 µM). Computational analysis had been utilized to prophesy the bioactivity and molecular properties of the target compounds. Conclusion: To predict the binding manner of the novel derivatives as antioxidants, in-silico docking study had been performed to all the newly prepared compounds inside superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) active site. The most active antioxidant candidate 9a (EC50 = 32.7 µM, RP50 = 52.19 µM) displayed excellent binding with Lys134 amino acid residing at Cu-Zn loop of SOD with binding energy score = -7.54 Kcal/mol thereby increase SOD activity and decrease reactive oxygen species.

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