scholarly journals Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC. Yield and Quality as Influenced by Cropping Season, Protein Hydrolysates, and Trichoderma Applications

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Caruso ◽  
Christophe El-Nakhel ◽  
Youssef Rouphael ◽  
Ernesto Comite ◽  
Nadia Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Increasing attention is being given to plant biostimulants as a sustainable farming practice aimed to enhance vegetable crop performance. This research was conducted on greenhouse-grown perennial wall rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC.), comparing three biostimulant treatments (legume-derived protein hydrolysates, Trichoderma harzianum T22, and protein hydrolysates + Trichoderma harzianum T22) plus an untreated control, in a factorial combination with three cropping seasons (autumn–winter, winter, winter–spring). Measurements were performed on leaf yield components, colorimetric indicators, mineral composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. Leaf marketable yield and mean weight, as well as plant dry weight, showed the highest values in winter crop cycle. Biostimulant treatments resulted in 18.4% and 26.4% increase in leaf yield and number of leaves per rosette, respectively, compared to the untreated control. Protein hydrolysates led to the highest plant dry weight (+34.7% compared to the control). Soil plant analysis development (SPAD) index as well as NO3, PO4, SO4, and Ca contents were influenced more during the winter–spring season than the winter cropping season. The winter production season resulted in a 19.8% increase in the leaf lipophilic antioxidant activity, whereas the hydrophilic antioxidant activity was 34.9% higher during the winter–spring season. SPAD index was the highest with protein hydrolysates + Trichoderma applications, which also increased the colorimetric parameters compared to the untreated control. The treatment with protein hydrolysates + Trichoderma enhanced N, PO4, Mg, and Na contents, compared to both biostimulants applied singly and to the untreated control. Both biostimulants applied alone or the protein hydrolysates + Trichoderma combination led to the increase of the lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant activity, as well as ascorbic acid and chlorophyll b, compared to the untreated control. The present research revealed that protein hydrolysates and Trichoderma single applications, and even more their combination in the case of some nutrients content, represent an effective tool for enhancing the yield and the quality attributes of perennial wall rocket produced under the perspective of sustainable crop system.

scholarly journals Shading Affects Yield, Elemental Composition and Antioxidants of Perennial Wall Rocket Crops Grown from Spring to Summer in Southern Italy

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Gianluca Caruso ◽  
Luigi Formisano ◽  
Eugenio Cozzolino ◽  
Antonio Pannico ◽  
Christophe El-Nakhel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Extinction ◽  
Lipophilic Antioxidant ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Leaf Nitrate ◽  
Yield Decrease

Shading nets have been increasingly drawing research interest, as they allow us to improve the environmental conditions for greenhouse-grown crops. The effects of two shading nets (50% and 79% shading degree), plus an unshaded control, on yield, mineral composition and antioxidants of perennial wall rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L.-D.C.) grown under tunnels in southern Italy were determined. The shading application resulted in a yield decrease, compared to the unshaded control, except for the highest production under 50% shading in July. The highest yield was recorded in the April–May and May–June and the lowest in July. Similar trends were recorded for plant dry weight, leaf number per rosette and mean weight, but the latter showed the highest value under 79% light extinction in July. The rocket leaves were brighter in the summer cycles than in the spring ones. Leaf nitrate was highest in spring and under 79% shading. Potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium showed the highest values in spring and in the unshaded control. The lipophilic antioxidant activity showed the highest values under the 79% shading net in the spring cropping seasons, whereas in July it did not significantly differ from 50% light extinction. The hydrophilic antioxidant activity always attained the highest values in the unshaded control. The unshaded leaves had the highest total phenol accumulation when grown in April–May and the lowest in July. The total ascorbic acid content was always highest in the unshaded control leaves compared to the shading treatments. Fifty percent crop shading is, therefore, an effective sustainable tool for increasing the yield of perennial wall rocket leaves in July, when the light intensity under the plastic tunnel exceeds the plant requirements, also resulting in a mineral composition that is not significantly different from that of the unshaded crops.

Lowland Rice Yield as Affected by Straw Incorporation and Inorganic Fertilizer Over Cropping Seasons in Fluvisol

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
Brahima Koné ◽  
Zadi Florent ◽  
Gala bi Trazié Jeremie ◽  
Akassimadou Edja Fulgence ◽  
Konan Kouamé Firmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Straw Incorporation ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Fertilizer Effect

Grain yield stabilization of lowland rice over cropping seasons was explored using different compositions of inorganic fertilizers (NPK, NPKCa, NPKMg, NPKZn, NPKCaMg, NPKCaZn and NPKCaMgZn) and straw incorporation (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 tha-1 ). No fertilizer and no straw amended plot was the control in a split-plot design with three replications laid in a Fluvisol of Guinea savanna in Centre Cote d’Ivoire. Three weeks old nursery rice variety NERICA L19 was transplanted. No significant difference of grain yield was observed between the different treatments excluding the highest yields recorded for treatments NPKMg (5.09 tha-1 ), NPKZn (5.15 tha-1 ) and NPKCaéMg (5.31 tha-1 ) compared with 12 (3.95 tha1 ) and 15 tha-1 (4.14 tha-1 ) as straw rates respectively. Grain yield declining trend was more pronounced for mineral fertilizer treatments showing twice greater depressive effect of cropping cycle compared with the straw especially, for treatments characterized by highest grain yield in the first cropping season and similar grain yields were recorded for both sources of nutrient in the third cropping cycle. Of slowness of nutrients releasing by straw, highest grain yield was expected for this soil amender within a longer period of cultivation whereas, unbalance soil micronutrients should be relevant to studious declining yield under inorganic fertilizer effect. Nevertheless, the straw rate of 12 tha-1 supplying 0.58% of NPK as mineral fertilizer equivalent can be recommended for sustaining lowland rice production in the studied agro-ecosystems unless for three cropping seasons.

Assessment of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude extracts of verbena officinalis Linn root or Atuch (Amharic)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Crude Extracts

Verbena officinalis Linn is a traditionally known medicinal plant which is used against a number of diseases including inflammatory conditions. In this study its antioxidant activity (reducing powers, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities), ferric reduction activity potential (FRAP), total flavonoid concentration and antimicrobial activities of 80%, 90%, 100% methanol and chloroform extracts of V. officinalis Linn root and 90% and100% methanol leaf extracts were determined. Its antioxidant activity increases with increase in amount of extract (10% to 40%v/v). Total flavonoid content (TFC) varied from 73.32±0.002 mgQE/100g of dry weight (90% methanol) to 42.39±0.032 mgQE/100g dry weight (chloroform), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), radical scavenging activity (%) was varied between 87.39% (90% methanol) to 45.57% (chloroform) while Ferric reducing antioxidant power was observed between 372.93±0.04 mgAAE/100 g extract (90% methanol) to 129.41±0.026 mgAAE/100 g chloroform in the root extract. The methanolic extract of the leaf showed less antioxidant activity than the methanolic extract of the root. Crude extracts of V. officinalis root showed various degree of antimicrobial activity towards drug resistance microbial pathogens. Growth inhibition tests against bacterial pathogens demonstrated concentration dependence. Moreover, gram positive bacteria were more susceptible to V. officinalis root extract when compared to gram negative bacteria. In general V. officinalis root and leave extracts possess strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY OF POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM L.) FRUIT PEEL EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Hai Trieu Ly ◽  
Tuan Anh Vo ◽  
Viet Hong Phong Nguyen ◽  
Thi My Sa Pham ◽  
Bich Thao Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Background: The natural antioxidants have an important role in the prevention of many diseases. The aim of study is to investigate phytochemical components, antioxidant activity and acute oral toxicity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit peel (PFP) extract. Materials and methods: Phytochemicals of PFP were determined by qualitative chemical tests, thin layer chromatography, total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. The PFP extract was evaluated for antioxidant activity by DPPH assay and MDA assay. In vivo acute oral toxicity test was conducted using Karber-Behrens method to determine LD50. Results: Results illustrated that PFP mainly contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenes, saponins, and coumarins. PFP extract exhibited the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents with 189.97 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight and 9.42 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry weight, respectively. The DPPH free radical scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation activities of PFP extract were expressed with IC50 value of 4.80 μg/mL and 0.38 μg/ mL, sequentially. Simultaneously, the Dmax (the maximum dose administered to mice that no toxicity was observed) of PFP extract was determined to be 21.28 g/kg, equivalent to 35.64 g dried herb. Conclusion: The PFP extract is relatively safe and revealed high antioxidant activity. Key words: Punica granatum L.; polyphenols; flavonoids; gallic acid; quercetin; antioxidant activity; acute oral toxicity

scholarly journals Seed Yam Production Using High-Quality Minitubers Derived from Plants Established with Vine Cuttings

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Beatrice Aighewi ◽  
Norbert Maroya ◽  
Lava Kumar ◽  
Morufat Balogun ◽  
Daniel Aihebhoria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The World ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Set Up

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a valuable food security crop in West Africa, where 92% of the world production occurs. The availability of quality seed tubers for increased productivity is a major challenge. In this study, minitubers weighing 1, 3, and 5 g produced from virus-free single-node vine cuttings of two improved yam varieties (Asiedu and Kpamyo) growing in an aeroponics system were assessed for suitability in seed production at a population of 100,000 plants ha−1. A 3 × 2 factorial experiment with randomized complete block design and three replications was set up during the cropping seasons of 2017 to 2019 at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Station in Kubwa, Abuja, Nigeria. Results showed field establishments of 87%–97.8%. Yields differed with minituber size, variety, and cropping season; the highest was 31.2 t ha−1 in 2019 and the lowest, 10 t ha−1 in 2018 from 5 and 1 g Kpamyo minitubers, respectively. The estimated number of tubers produced per hectare by 1, 3, and 5 g minitubers was 101,296, 112,592, and 130,555, with mean weights per stand of 159.2, 187.3, and 249.4 g, respectively. We recommend using less than 6 g minitubers for seed yam production due to their high multiplication rates.

scholarly journals GROWTH DYNAMICS OF SESAME CULTIVARS

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1062-1068
Author(s):  
Rayanne Maria Paula Ribeiro ◽  
José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque ◽  
Manoel Galdino dos Santos ◽  
Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior ◽  
Leilson Costa Grangeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Physiological Indexes ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Physiological Complexity

ABSTRACT Sesame is a plant with high morphological and physiological complexity, with great variability in growth habit. Quantitative growth analysis is an accessible and accurate tool for evaluating plant development and the contribution of different physiological processes to plant performance. In view of this, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth of sesame cultivars in two cropping seasons in the conditions of Mossoró-RN. Two experiments were conducted in Horta Didactics of UFERSA. The experimental delineation in each time was a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in split plots where each experimental plot contained different sesame cultivars, CNPA G2, CNPA G3 and CNPA G4, and the subplots represented seven collection times, 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91 and 105 days after sowing (DAS). The growth of the sesame cultivars was slow at the beginning of the crop cycle, intensifying at the beginning of flowering (after 35 DAS). Among the physiological indexes studied, CNPA G4 cultivar was more efficient in relation to growth and varied depending on the cropping season.

scholarly journals Hill drop sowing of soybean with different number of plants per hole

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmael Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Victor José Agassi ◽  
Alessandro Sartor Chicowski ◽  
Julio Cezar Franchini ◽  
Henrique Debiasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cropping Seasons

ABSTRACT: In the last few cropping seasons, some soybean producers have tested the application of a hill drop sowing method, usually from three to four seeds every 30 to 40cm. However, there is a lack of information in the literature about the effect of this practice on soybean performance. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole on soybean performance. The study was conducted in Londrina - PR, Brazil, during the 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2016/17 cropping seasons. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four replications and a 2x5 factorial scheme. The first factor consisted of two soybean cultivars, BRS 359RR and NK 7059RR analyzed in the first two cropping seasons and BRS 359RR and BRS 1010IPRO in the last cropping season. The second factor was constituted by five in-hill hole-spacing treatments (HS) (8, 16, 24, 32 and 40cm), with rows spaced 50cm apart. To maintain the same plant density in all treatments (270,000 plants ha-1), sowing was performed manually, being then thinned out. After thinning, the distribution was one plant per hole at HS8, 2 plants at HS16, 3 plants at HS24, 4 plants at HS32, and 5 plants at HS40. The agronomic performance of soybean in hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole is similar to that of an equidistant distribution of plants.

scholarly journals Effect of cropping system and age of plant at harvest on tuber rot and performance of elite cassava varieties in derived savannah

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Joy N Odedina ◽  
Sunday Ojo Adigbo ◽  
Peter Kulako ◽  
Peter Iluebbey ◽  
Thomas O Fabunmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Tuber Rot ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Devastated tuber rot disease among farmers prompted the evaluation of the elite improved varieties in the intercrop and the practice of delaying harvesting when there is glut in the market necessitated this study. Trial was carried out at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta between 2011 and 2014 to evaluate yield performance of 21 elite cassava varieties planted as sole crop verse intercropped and harvested at different age. The 2 x 21 x 3 factorial experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The tuber yield obtained from sole plot in 2011/2012 cropping season was significantly higher than intercrop whereas those of 2012/2014 cropping season were similar. Land Equivalent Ratio was above one in both cropping seasons indicating that the performance of the improved varieties in intercrop was efficient. The pooled mean tuber yield showed that TMS 30572, 92/0326, 95/0211, 01/1371, 00/0338, 01/0046, 00/0098, 01/1097, 01/0085, 98/0581 and 98/510 were among the top eight varieties. Harvesting could be delayed up to 15 months after planting to reduce tuber rot.

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