scholarly journals Influence of Magnetic Field on Characteristics of Corona Discharge in Wire-Cylinder Electrodes Configuration

Plasma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-779
Author(s):  
Sabah Ibrahim Wais ◽  
Pirzheen Ageed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Corona Discharge ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Empirical Formula ◽  
Negative Corona ◽  
Corona Current ◽  
Inception Voltage ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The behavior of corona discharge was investigated in wire–cylinder electrodes under the effect of a crossed magnetic field. Townsend’s formula was used commonly with a modified empirical formula to evaluate the different parameters of corona discharge in positive and negative discharge. By using a least-squares fitting, the dimensional constants A, K, and the exponent n displayed a significant dependence on the applied magnetic field. An improvement of pre-breakdown has been achieved by using a crossed magnetic field. For both polarities, while the magnetic field is present, breakdown voltage VB and corona inception voltage V0 increased, whereas the corona current decreases. In addition, the corona inception voltage was greater in positive corona in the absence of a magnetic field, while the opposite occurred regarding the crossed magnetic field. Furthermore, the breakdown streamer demonstrated significant triggering in the negative corona by applying the magnetic field.

Influence of Applied Magnetic Field on a Wire-Plate Electrostatic Precipitators Under Multi-Field Coupling

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Ping Zhang ◽  
Yong-Xia Dai ◽  
Jiong-Lei Wu ◽  
Jian-Xing Ren ◽  
Helen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Particle Dynamic ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitators ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The aim of this work is to find an effective method to improve the collection efficiency of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). A mathematic model of an ESP subjected to the external magnetic field was proposed. The model considered the coupled effects between the gas flow field, particle dynamic field and electromagnetic field. Particles following a Rosin-Rammler distribution were simulated under various conditions and the influence of the magnetic field density on the capture of fine particles was investigated. The collection efficiency and the escaped particle size distribution under different applied magnetic field intensities were discussed. Particle trajectories inside the ESP under aerodynamic and electromagnetic forces were also analyzed. Numerical results indicate that the collection efficiency increases with the increase of applied magnetic field. It was also found that a stronger applied magnetic field results in a larger particle deflection towards the dust collection plates. Furthermore, the average diameter of escaping particles decreases and the dispersion of dust particles with different sizes increases with the increasingly applied magnetic field. Finally, the average diameter decreases almost linearly with the magnetic field until it drops to a certain value. The model proposed in this work is able to obtain important information on the particle collection phenomena inside an industrial ESP under the applied magnetic field.

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on the Quantum Yield of Free Radicals in Cryptochrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 953 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Yu Ling Chen ◽  
Du Yan Geng ◽  
Chuan Fang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Biology ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In this paper, the effects of the quantum yield of free radicals in cryptochrome exposed to different electromagnetic fields were studied through the quantum biology. The results showed that the spikes characteristics was produced in the free radicals in cryptochrome, when it exposed to the applied magnetic field (ω = 50 Hz, B0 = 50 μT). The spikes produced by the electromagnetic field was independent of the changes of polar θ. When the frequency of the magnetic field increased, the spikes characteristics produced in unit time also increased. These results showed that the environmental electromagnetic field could affect the response of organisms to the geomagnetic field by influencing the quantum yield in the mechanism of free radical pair.It provided a basis for studying the influence of environmental electromagnetic field on biology, especially the navigation of biological magnetism.

Electromagnetic damping of elastic waves: Experimental results

1968 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. M. Lilley ◽  
C. M. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Elastic Wave ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Elastic Waves ◽  
Applied Field ◽  
Eddy Currents ◽  
Electrical Conductor ◽  
Electromagnetic Damping ◽  
The Waves ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The passage of an elastic wave causes straining and translation in the transmitting material. If a magnetic field is applied, and the medium is an electrical conductor, some of the energy of the wave is dissipated by the flow of electrical eddy currents. Usually the amount of energy lost is very small, but it may be greatly increased if the applied field is strongly non-uniform.Laboratory experiments are described which demonstrate this effect for standing elastic waves in a metal bar. The applied magnetic field changes from almost zero to its full strength over a distance which is short compared to the length of the standing wave. The result of this strong non-uniformity is that the energy lost due to the translation of the bar in the field greatly exceeds the energy lost due to the straining of the bar in the field.The dependence of the attenuation of the waves by the magnetic field is investigated for variation in frequency of vibration, bar thickness, and field gradient.

The effect of the magnetic field on the positive corona discharge

1977 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. šipŐcz ◽  
J. Skalný ◽  
š. Veis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Corona Discharge ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ASTROID CURVES FOR A SYNTHETIC ANTIFERROMAGNETIC STACK IN AN APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELD

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (20n21) ◽  
pp. 4021-4040
Author(s):  
D. M. FORRESTER ◽  
E. KOVACS ◽  
K. E. KÜRTEN ◽  
F. V. KUSMARTSEV
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Particle System ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Metastable States ◽  
Field Plane ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The interaction of two magnetic particles separated by an interlayer is illustrated through the "astroid" curves that represent regions in the magnetic field plane where different numbers of minima associated with stable or metastable states may exist. For a single particle, we describe the astroid curves of the Stoner-Wohlfarth model. The case of two particles is then examined and found to be much more complicated. The energy landscape of the two-particle system contains ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic and canting states that emerge in response to the level of applied magnetic field. Because of this, up to four energy minima can exist in the system, depending upon the strength of the magnetic field and the material properties of the particles.

THE TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SINGLE VORTEX IN THE FF STATE

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 2041-2051
Author(s):  
XINLE SHANG ◽  
PENGMING ZHANG ◽  
WEI ZUO
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Topological Structure ◽  
Single Vortex ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Magnetic Field

In this paper, we study the coexistence of the vortex and the FF state by using the generalized Ginzburg–Landau (GL) functional with the applied magnetic field, and obtain the numeric solutions. Furthermore, we investigate the topological structure of the vortex and find that the property of vortices relies heavily on the modulation q along z-axis. There is no topological vortex when q < qp, and the value [Formula: see text] is more favorable for the topological vortex. Moreover the magnetic field at the core of the vortex is obtained for the topological vortex.

Magnetic Assistance for Suppressing Cross-Reactions Between Biomolecules in Immunoassay

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Yih Hong ◽  
Shieh-Yueh Yang ◽  
Herng-Er Horng ◽  
Hong-Chang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Centrifugal Force ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Cross Reactions ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Alternative Current ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Current Magnetic Field

A method involving the use of magnetic nanoparticles to suppress the cross-reactions in immunoassay is developed. Antibodies are coated onto magnetic nanoparticles. These antibodies bind with target and non-target molecules. Once an alternative-current magnetic field is applied, magnetic nanoparticles oscillate with the magnetic field. The target and non-target molecules attached onto magnetic nanoparticles via antibodies experience a centrifugal force, which is against the association between antibodies and target/non-target molecules. Theoretically, the centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the frequency of the applied magnetic field. Thus, the strength of the centrifugal force can be manipulated by changing the frequency of the applied magnetic field. By well controlling the frequency of applied magnetic field, the centrifugal force can be stronger than the binding between antibodies and non-target molecules, but still weaker than that of target molecules. Consequently, the binding between antibodies and non-target molecules is broken by the centrifugal force.

3D Monte Carlo Simulations of Aggregate Structures in a Magnetic Colloidal Suspension Composed of Plate-Like Particles With Magnetic Moment Normal to the Particle Axis

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Sakuda ◽  
Masayuki Aoshima ◽  
Akira Satoh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Particle Interactions ◽  
Aggregate Structures ◽  
The Magnetic Field

We have investigated the internal aggregate structures of a colloidal suspension composed of magnetic plate-like particles with a magnetic moment normal to the particle axis by means of three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations. In concrete, we have attempted to clarify the influences of the magnetic field strength, magnetic interactions between particles, and volumetric fraction of particles, on particle aggregation phenomena. In order to discuss quantitatively the aggregate structures of particles, we have focused on the radial distribution and orientational pair correlation function. For no applied magnetic field cases, long column-like clusters are formed as magnetic particle-particle interactions increase. Characteristics of these clusters are that particles incline in a certain direction with their magnetic moments alternating in direction between the neighboring particles. For applied magnetic field cases, the magnetic moments of the particles incline in the magnetic field direction, so that the columnar clusters are not formed. The brick wall-like aggregates are formed as the influences of the magnetic field and magnetic particle-particle interactions become significantly dominant.

GRACE-FO accelerometer data: An alternative approach using Least Squares Spectral Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrto Tzamali ◽  
Spiros Pagiatakis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Gravity Field ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Gravity Field Models ◽  
The Magnetic Field

&lt;p&gt;Technological advances in satellite geodesy have been demanding more and more accurate gravity field models but also precise measurements of the movement of water along the Earth system. GRACE-FO (GFO) mission is dedicated to monitor the Earth with a purpose of estimating the gravity field and the hydrological cycles. For the extraction of monthly gravity field models the non-gravitational accelerations are essential. The performance of GFO accelerometers (ACC) is not the optimal.&amp;#160; The ACC measurements present immense spikes, spurious signals and bias jumps on all three axes affecting the validity of the measurements. The bias jumps are similar to those presented at GRACE measurements and they have been related to the satellites&amp;#8217; entrance to and exit from the Earth&amp;#8217;s shadow. The dominant spikes, mainly appearing in the equatorial region, have been connected to the thermal sensitivity of the instrument or the orientation of the magnetic field lines. We propose an alternative dataset generated from Level 1A of GFO C with corresponding Gaussian weights and an optimal correction of the bias jumps, along with the estimation of linear and quadratic trends using the Least Squares methodology in the frequency domain and in all three axes. The method does not remove spikes, nor does it interpolate missing values. The new 1B dataset with estimated variances shows no spike effects in the frequency domain contrastingly to the existing ACT Level 1B data. Also, a preliminary analysis of the daily amplitudes of the orbital period and semi-period components of the ACT Level 1B data set spanning one year, reveals a strong periodic signal of ~ 153 days. This signal vanishes when the proposed weighted data set is used. This signal could be related to calibration deficiencies or a systematic error in the ACC data that requires further study. The same weighted filtering approach is proposed for the ACC measurements of Swarm C satellite, a LEO constellation that measures the magnetic field of the Earth. The ACC measurements of Swarm display low signal to noise ratio due to an increased thermal sensitivity of the instrument. A weighted Gaussian filter applied on the Swarm ACC measurements reduces the contribution of the dominant spikes in the frequency domain and displays the non-gravitational signals more clearly leading to a more extended use of Swarm non-gravitational accelerations measurements.&lt;/p&gt;

Effect of Magnetic Field Strength on Carbide Precipitation Behavior in W6Mo5Cr4V3 High Speed Steel during Medium Temperature Tempering

2016 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Zhi Wei Zhang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Na Xiao ◽  
Xiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Applied Magnetic Field ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Carbide Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Behavior ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Effect of magnetic field strength on carbide precipitation behavior in W6Mo5Cr4V3 highspeed steel during medium temperature tempering was investigated. The applied magnetic field promoted the precipitation and refinement of M6C and MC carbides at boundaries and in the grain interior, but maximum spheroidization occurred for those M6C carbides precipitated at boundaries, the stronger the magnetic field strength, the stronger the spheroidization effect. The high magnetic field hinders the precipitation of M2C type carbides, and the M2C type carbides basically disappear when applying the magnetic field.

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