scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibre Filtration Media to Protect against Biological or Nonbiological Airborne Particles

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3257
Author(s):  
Fabrice N. H. Karabulut ◽  
Günther Höfler ◽  
Naveen Ashok Chand ◽  
Gareth W. Beckermann
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibres ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

Electrospun nanofibres can outperform their melt-blown counterparts in many applications, especially air filtration. The different filtration mechanisms of nanofibres are particularly important when it comes to the air filtration of viruses (such as COVID-19) and bacteria. In this work, we present an electrospun nanofibre filter media, FilterLayrTM by NanoLayr Ltd., containing poly(methyl methacrylate)/ethylene vinyl alcohol nanofibres. The outstanding uniformity of the nanofibres was indicated by the good correlation between pressure drop (ΔP) and areal weight with R2 values in the range of 0.82 to 0.98 across various test air velocities. By adjusting the nanofibre areal weight (basis weight), the nanofibre filter media was shown to meet the particle filtration efficiency and breathability requirements of the following internationally accepted facemask and respirator standards: N95 respirator facemask performance in accordance with NIOSH 42CFR84 (filtration efficiency of up to 98.10% at a pressure drop of 226 Pa and 290 Pa at 85 L·min−1 and 120 L·min−1, respectively), Level 2 surgical facemask performance in accordance with ASTM F2299 (filtration efficiency of up to 99.97% at 100 nm particle size and a pressure drop of 44 Pa at 8 L·min−1), and Level 2 filtration efficiency and Level 1 breathability for barrier face coverings in accordance with ASTM F3502 (filtration efficiency of up to 99.68% and a pressure drop of 133 Pa at 60 L·min−1), with Level 2 breathability being achievable at lower nanofibre areal weights.

Liquid-mediated particle capture by nonwoven filter media for automotive engine intake air filtration

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110610
Author(s):  
Shivendra Yadav ◽  
Dipayan Das
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Automotive Engine

This article reports on development, characterization, and performance of liquid-treated nonwoven air filter media for automotive engine intake application. A polypropylene fiber-based needle-punched nonwoven fabric was prepared for treatment with four viscous liquids (glycerol, SAE 20W/50 engine oil, PEG 400, and deionized water) by liquid spraying technique. The filtration performance was evaluated in terms of initial and final gravimetric filtration efficiencies, fractional filtration efficiency, evolution of pressure drop, and dust holding capacity. The liquid-treated filter media registered higher gravimetric as well as fractional filtration efficiency and higher dust holding capacity as compared to the untreated ones. The initial and final gravimetric filtration efficiencies were found to be directly related to liquid add-on via a power law relationship. The liquid-treated filter media also exhibited higher fractional filtration efficiency than their untreated counterparts for all sizes of tested particles. Interestingly, the increase of fractional efficiency was more for smaller particles as compared to larger ones. This was explained quantitatively through single fiber efficiency due to adhesion. The viscosity of liquid was found to be a very crucial parameter as the dust deposition morphology was contingent to the flow of liquid onto the filter media. The stickiest liquid yielded highest filtration efficiencies, displayed slowest rise of pressure drop, and exhibited highest dust holding capacity.

Characterization of glass fiber felt and its performance as an air filtration media

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372096141
Author(s):  
Chi Zou ◽  
Yunlong Shi ◽  
Xiaoming Qian
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Fine Fiber

The glass fiber felt made through flame blowing process was characterized on morphology and its filtration performance. Fiber diameter has been measured through SEM and BET methods. Theoretical calculations on pressure drop and filtration efficiency were developed and compared with the experimental measurement. The discrepancy between the calculated results and measurement on filtration efficiency is derived from the presence of fine fiber (<0.5µm) in the glass fiber felt, which contributes to the actual high filtration efficiency in measurement. The multiple micro-layered structure in glass fiber felt, which improves the dust holding capacity and enables glass fiber felt as a depth filter. Glass fiber felt showed a longer duration of the slow increase region for pressure drop build-up comparing to other filter materials with lower averaged pressure drop through its filtration service life. Furthermore, quality factor calculation has been developed for prediction on the energy cost performance of the filters based on the pressure drop, separation efficiency and dust holding capacity.

Microwave structured polyamide-6 nanofiber/net membrane with embedded poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) staple fibers for effective ultrafine particle filtration

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (16) ◽  
pp. 6149-6157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shichao Zhang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Jianyong Yu ◽  
Wenjing Luo ◽  
Bin Ding
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Ultrafine Particle ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Particle Filtration

Microwave structured PA-6/PMIA NFN membrane can filter airborne particles with high filtration efficiency, low pressure drop, and large dust-holding capacity.

Branched nanofibers with tiny diameters for air filtration via one-step electrospinning

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372092377
Author(s):  
Bilal Zaarour ◽  
Hussen Tina ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
XiangYu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
One Step ◽  
Tetrabutylammonium Chloride ◽  
Filtration Properties ◽  
Branched Structure

Engineering the surface morphology of fibers has been attracting significant consideration in various areas and applications. In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) branched nanofibers with a diameter of less than 50 nm are electrospun directly at a low relative humidity by adding tetrabutylammonium chloride. The effects of the branched structure on the specific surface area and pore size distribution are investigated, and the filtration properties of the air filter based on branched nanofiber webs with different basis weights are studied. The results exhibit that the air filter based on PVDF branched nanofibers with the basis weight of 1 g/m2 has an outstanding filtration efficiency (99.999%) to 0.26 µm sodium chloride particles under the pressure drop of 126.17 Pa. We believe that this study can be used as a useful reference for the preparation of branched nanofibers through one-step electrospinning.

Tunable Fabrication of Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibrous Membrances for Effective Air Filtration

2017 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Jin Yu Zhao ◽  
Zhao Lin Liu ◽  
Ju Chuan Shan
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Filtration Performance

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous membrances for effective air filtration were fabricated by electrospinning. Tunable fiber morphologies can be formed by facilely regulating the solution concentration and the applied voltage, and their effect on filtration performance of the PVA membrances were also investigeted. Results show that the PVA membrance exhibits high filtration efficiency of 97.1% and low pressure drop of 113 Pa when the PVA concentration is 8 wt% and the applied voltage is 15 kV with a tip-to-collector distance of 15 cm and a feed rate of 1 ml/h.

Preparation and study of low-resistance polyacrylonitrile nano membranes for gas filtration

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Hua Lou ◽  
Xiao-Hong Qin ◽  
Hongnan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Gas Filtration ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes ◽  
Nanofibrous Membranes ◽  
Bubble Template

In this paper, patterned nanofibrous membranes were fabricated for air filtration. Polyacrylonitrile was employed as the electrospinning material as its fluffy property and bulged bubble template served as collector to prepare the patterned membrane. With this special structure, the pressure drop significantly declined from 151.7 to 24.7 mmH2O, although the filtration efficiency of nanofiber membranes exhibited a slight decline from 99.94% to 96.33% compared to traditional electrospinning nanofibrous membranes. These sharp declines of the pressure drop while retaining the filtration efficiency imply that it could have more extensive applications.

Material Properties Analysis with Addition of Nanofibres for Air Intake Filtration in Internal Combustion Engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 8621-8636
Author(s):  
T. Dziubak
Keyword(s):  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Filter Materials

The aim of this study is to provide an experimental properties evaluation of a standard filter material (cellulose) and materials with fiber layer addition with small diameters (nanofibers). Filter media, including cellulose, used in the internal combustion engine inlet air filtration are made of high diameter fibres, approx. 15 µm. Significantly higher separation and filtration efficiency performance are obtained for materials with lower fibre diameters (nanofibres), however, at the expense of a significantly higher pressure drop, affecting the engine performance. Filter media manufacturers mainly specify the structure parameters (pore size, air permeability and thickness), without giving any information on the dust filtration performance and rate. The literature includes test results for models of different filter media structures. Filtration process modelling using polydisperse dust with particles of different shape and density and irregular filter media structure is possible using advanced computer techniques, however, the process is complex and requires many simplifications. Test results can be applied directly in the automotive industry. The data can be obtained by experimental tests on filter medium specimens, complete filter elements or air filters which are costly and time-consuming tests, however, those test methods are the most reliable. Conditions and testing methodology for intake air filter materials used in internal combustion engines were developed. Filtration and flow resistance efficiency and accuracy were done depending on test dust mass stopped per unit area. Tested materials filtration efficiency was assessed by a filtration quality factor, which includes experimentally determined efficiency and accuracy as well as flow resistance values. Much higher efficiency and filtration accuracy of dust grains below 5 µm in filtration materials with nanofibers addition compared to standard filtration material (filter paper) were demonstrated. For the same flow resistance values, filter materials with nanofibers addition accumulate smaller dust mass than standard filter paper. Usage of materials with nanofibers addition used in motor vehicles intake air filtration ensures their high efficiency and accuracy. It minimises its components wear, but at the expense of faster flow resistance increase, which shortens filter life and increases filter replacement frequency. Results obtained during the experimental research partly fill the gap when it comes to the basic material properties used in internal combustion engines intake air filter partitions production.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Structured Polyimide–Silica Hybrid Nano/Microfiber Filters Welded by Solvent Vapor for Air Filtration

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2494
Author(s):  
Dawei Li ◽  
Ying Shen ◽  
Lanlan Wang ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Bingyao Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Electrospun Membrane ◽  
Solvent Vapor ◽  
Vapor Treatment

Electrospun polymer membranes were considered to be promising materials for fine particulate matter (PM) filtration. However, the poor mechanical properties of the electrospun membrane restricted their application for pressure-driven air filtration. Herein, strength-enhanced electrospun polyimide (PI) membranes were demonstrated via a synergistic approach. Solvent-vapor treatment was utilized to introduce extra bonding at the cross points of PI nanofiber, while SiO2 nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) were used to reinforce the body of nanofibers. The mechanical strength and filtration performance of hybrid membranes could be regulated by adjusting the quantity of SiO2 NPs. The tensile strength of the pure PI membrane was increased by 33% via adding 1.5% SiO2 NPs, which was further promoted by 70% after solvent-vapor treatment. With a slight reduction in pressure drop (6.5%), the filtration efficiency was not greatly suppressed by welding the SiO2 NP hybrid PI nanofibers. Moreover, the welded composite filter showed high particulate (0.3–1.0 μm) filtration efficiency (up to nearly 100%) and stable pressure drop throughout the 20 tested filtration cycles.

Effect of Water Cleaning on Performance of Air Filtration Medias

2013 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 475-481
Author(s):  
Xiao Pei Liu ◽  
Si Si Bian ◽  
De Qiang Chang ◽  
Ning Mao ◽  
Jing Xian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Water Cleaning

Air filtration media are designed for disposable, but in some application, it should be used for some times with water cleaning. Through experiments, the performances of filter, which are cleaned with water for many times, including filtration efficiency, resistance, dust capacity are studied in the paper. The experimental results show that water cleaning has less effect on filtration efficiency, resistance and dust capacity of the filter media. Therefore, air filtration media can be used repeatedly by way of water cleaning.

Explore on Pressure-Drop Performance of Nanofibrous Filtration Membrane

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1885-1888
Author(s):  
Han Wang ◽  
Zuo Yi Yang ◽  
Jin Yong Liu ◽  
Gao Feng Zheng ◽  
Ling Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Nanofibrous Membrane ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Fibrous Filter ◽  
Filtration Membrane ◽  
Filtration Area ◽  
Change Trend ◽  
Resistance Performance

High filtration efficiency of nanofibrous membrane has been proved in air filtration area, but, in addition to filtration efficiency, pressure drop is another important characteristic of fibrous filter. Because pressure-drop is related to energy wastage of filtration, it’s necessary to study. While there are not enough studies dedicated to pressure-drop of nanofibrous membrane filters. Here, different thickness PVA nanofibrous membranes were made by electrospinning, and they deposited on cotton scaffolds to form nanofibrous filter samples. Through testing these samples, we found as thickness of nanofibrous membrane increased, pressure-drop rose almost linearly, while filtration efficiency presented a different change trend. When thickness of nanofibrous membrane reaching a point, filtration efficiency attained extreme limit, even if increasing thickness nanofibrous membrane, filtration efficiency only rose limitedly, but pressure-drop still increased rapidly. At the same time, we found despite the thickness of nanofibrous membrane was thinner than conventional fibrous filter, pressure-drop of nanofibrous filter was obviously higher than conventional fibrous filter. So it’s remarkable phenomena. Through theoretical analysis and simulation, the causation of high pressure-drop of nanofibrous filter was discussed and provided. Decreasing diameter of fiber caused resistance performance change. It’s necessary to carry on a further research.

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