scholarly journals The Impact of Artificial Marble Wastes on Heat Deflection Temperature, Crystallization, and Impact Properties of Polybutylene Terephthalate

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4242
Author(s):  
Tianliang Feng ◽  
Yangzhou Li ◽  
Liang Fang ◽  
Zhenming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Heat Deflection Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Temperature Crystallization

As artificial marble is abundant and widely used in residential and commercial fields, the resource utilization of artificial marble wastes (AMWs) has become extremely important in order to protect the environment. In this paper, polybutylene terephthalate/artificial marble wastes (PBT/AMWs) composites were prepared by melt blending to maximize resource utilization and increase PBT performance. The research results showed that the filling of AMWs was beneficial to the improvement of PBT-related performance. X-ray diffraction analysis results indicated that after filling AMWs into the PBT matrix, the crystal structure of PBT was not changed. Heat deflection temperature (HDT) analysis results indicated that the HDT of PBT composites with 20 wt% AMWs reached 66.68 °C, which was 9.12 °C higher than that of neat PBT. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis results showed that heterogeneous nucleation could be well achieved when the filling content was 15 wt%; impact and scanning electron microscope analysis results showed that due to the partial core-shell structure of the AMWs, the impact strength of PBT was significantly improved after filling. When the filling amount was 20 wt%, the impact strength of the PBT composites reached 23.20 kJ/m2, which was 17.94 kJ/m2 higher than that of neat PBT. This research will not only provide new insights into the efficient and high-value utilization of AMWs, but also provide a good reference for improved applications of other polymers.

Mechanical and thermal properties of polybutylene terephthalate/ethylene-vinyl acetate blends using vane extruder

e-Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Meng ◽  
Jin-ping Qu
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) blends with different contents of EVA were prepared by an vane extruder. From the observation of morphologies, impact strength and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), the EVA particles were well dispersed in the PBT matrix and improved the impact strength of PBT. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements demonstrate that there is little diversification in the crystal structure and type. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that as the weight fraction of EVA increases, the thermal stability of composite is enhanced. The rheological analyses indicate that the PBT/EVA blends follow a non-Newtonian behavior and viscosities of the blends are drastically lower than that of pure PBT at higher frequencies. The storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) of the blends monotonously increase as the frequency rises. This work provides a novel method to develop blends with excellent performance.

Thermal Stability and Crystallization Behavior of PP/Organoclay Phase Change Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 785-786 ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Ying Ye ◽  
Kun Yan Wang ◽  
Ge Chang ◽  
Qian Ying Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nucleation Agent ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Phase Change Composites ◽  
Change Material

Polypropylene/organoclay modified by dodecanol phase change material were prepared by melt blending method. The thermal stability and crystallization behavior was studied by thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). TG results indicated the window of processing of PP could be improved by adding small amount organoclay modified by dodecanol to the blend. DSC showed the organoclay modified by dodecanol affected the crystallization behavior of PP as heterogeneous nucleation agent. XRD results show that the organoclay modified by dodecanol does not change the crystal structure in the blends but only decrease the intensity of the diffraction peak.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Spherical Submicron CL-20 by Siphon Spray Refinement

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Xing ◽  
Weili Wang ◽  
Wenzheng Xu ◽  
Tianle Yao ◽  
Jun Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Crystal Forms ◽  
Refined Method ◽  
Diffraction Angle ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In order to improve the safety of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), submicron CL-20 particles were prepared by a siphon ultrasonic-assisted spray refining experimental device. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the impact sensitivity of the samples was tested. The results show that the particle size of siphon-refined CL-20 is about 800 nm~1 μm, which is more smooth, mellow, and dense than that of CL-20 prepared by a traditional pressure-refined method. The peak diffraction angle of pressure- and siphon-refined CL-20 is basically the same as that of raw CL-20, and their crystal forms are ε type. The peak strength of pressure- and siphon-refined CL-20 decreased obviously. The apparent activation energy of pressure-refined CL-20 and siphon-refined CL-20 is 13.3 kJ/mol and 11.95 kJ/mol higher than that of raw CL-20, respectively. The thermal stability of CL-20 is improved. The activation enthalpy (ΔH#) is significantly higher than that of raw CL-20, and the characteristic drop is 70.4% and 82.7% higher than that of raw CL-20. The impact sensitivity of siphon-refined CL-20 is lower than that of pressure-refined CL-20, so the safety performance of an explosive is improved obviously.

Effect of magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) morphology on the crystallization, mechanical, and rheological properties of polypropylene/MOS composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 710-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Dang ◽  
Xueying Nai ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Zhihui Lv ◽  
Wu Li
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Small Amplitude Oscillatory Shear ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Magnesium Oxysulfate ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
The Impact

Polypropylene (PP) composites containing magnesium oxysulfate particle (MOSp), magnesium oxysulfate whisker (MOSw), or magnesium oxysulfate sector (MOSs) were prepared via melt blending method. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that three magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) fillers all dispersed homogeneously in PP matrix and displayed vague and fuzzy interfaces. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) patterns showed that MOSp induced the most amount of β-PP, which was supported by polarized light microscopy (PLM) photographs. Moreover, PLM photographs also showed that the presence of MOSp, MOSw, or MOSw decreased the PP spherulites, especially for MOSp. As such, mechanical tests showed that incorporation of MOSp into PP matrix greatly improved the impact strength and least lowered the nominal strain at break. The yield strength and Young’s modulus of composites were greatly enhanced with MOSw. Two possible reasons for this phenomenon are rigidity of MOSw and microstructure of composites. Rheological properties were measured via small amplitude oscillatory shear. The results showed that PP melts containing MOSw exhibited significant yield stress and “shear-thinning” behaviors, which indicated the formation of MOSw network and the transition from “liquid-like” PP matrix to “solid-like” composites. The rheological results greatly proved the enhancement in tensile properties of MOSw-incorporated composites.

Preparation by solution mixing and characterization of condensation type poly(dimethyl siloxane)/graphene nanoplatelets composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110558
Author(s):  
Panayiotis Ketikis ◽  
Efthimios Damopoulos ◽  
Georgios Pilatos ◽  
Panagiotis Klonos ◽  
Apostolos Kyritsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melting Temperatures ◽  
Dimethyl Siloxane ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the incorporation of graphene nanoplatelets (GN) on the properties of hydroxyl-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) matrices was investigated. The composites were prepared by solution mixing, using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent. Brookfield viscosimetry, implemented during the vulcanization process, revealed that GN increases the viscosity of the system, compared to pristine PDMS, proportionally to its concentration. X-ray diffraction patterns suggested an efficient dispersion of GN in the polysiloxane matrix. The D and G bands ratio (ID/IG) calculation, based on RAMAN spectra of GN/PDMS specimens, revealed more defects in graphene nanoplatelets when incorporated in the PDMS matrix. By differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a marginal increase in crystallization, glass transition and melting temperatures of PDMS in GN/PDMS composites was observed. Improvement of the thermal stability of LMW PDMS composites, especially for higher GN concentrations (3 and 5 phr), was noticed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Additionally, GN enhanced the tensile strength of composites, up to 73% for the 3 phr GN/LMW PDMS composite. A significant increase in the elongation at break was recorded, whereas no effect on the modulus of elasticity was recorded. The decrease in toluene-swelling, for the LMW PDMS matrix composites, was attributed to the increase in the tortuosity path because of the efficient dispersion of GN. A decrease in oxygen permeability of 55–65% and 44–58% was measured in membranes made of PDMS composites containing 0.5 phr and 1 phr GN, respectively. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) measurements recorded a significant increase in the conductivity of the higher graphene content composites.

scholarly journals The Effect of Crystallinity on the Toughness of Cast Polyamide 6 Rods with Different Diameters

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Miklós Odrobina ◽  
Tamás Deák ◽  
László Székely ◽  
Tamás Mankovits ◽  
Róbert Zsolt Keresztes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Impact ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

The present paper concentrates on the toughness and the degree of crystallinity of the magnesium-catalyzed polyamide 6 rods cast in different diametres, which are commonly used for gear manufacturing. Its toughness cannot be regarded as a constant feature due to the casting technology. The mechanical properties of the semi-finished products are sensitive to the manufactured dimension, e.g., cast diameter, which are investigated by the Charpy impact test and tensile impact test. It is generally accepted that the impact strength and tensile-impact strength correlate with the degree of crystallinity beside many other material’s feature. Crystallinity is evaluated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between toughness and crystallinity of the magnesium-catalyzed cast PA6 rods with different diameters. For the research cast rods between 40 and 300 mm diameter were selected in seven-dimensional steps. Based on the results, it was found that the toughness depends strongly on the diameter size. Furthermore, it is proved that the crystallinity explains 62.3% of the variation of the Charpy’s impact strengths, while the tensile impact method was not suitable to detect the difference between the test samples.

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Method for the Fabrication of Nanostructured Zr(x)Ni(y) Catalyst to Enhance the Desorption Properties of MgH2

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Gracia Shokano ◽  
Zahir Dehouche ◽  
Basile Galey ◽  
Georgeta Postole
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Desorption ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Hydrogen Release ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
The Impact

The present work involves the development of a novel method for the fabrication of zirconium nickel (Zr(x)Ni(y)) alloy used as a nanocatalyst to improve the hydrogen storage properties of the Mg/MgH2 system. The catalyst was fabricated through the high-pressure reactor and activated under hydrogen prior to being mechanically milled with the MgH2 for 5 h under argon. The microstructure characterisation of the samples was determined via SEM-EDX (scanning electron microscope analysis–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction) and FE-HRTEM (field emission high resolution transmission electron microscopy), and the desorption characteristic of the nanocomposite (10 wt.% Zr(x)Ni(y)–MgH2) was determined via TPD (temperature-programmed desorption). The nanostructured MgH2 powder milled with 10 wt.% of the activated Zr(x)Ni(y) based nanocatalyst resulted in a faster hydrogen release—5.9 H2-wt.% at onset temperature 210 °C/peak temperature 232 °C. The observed significant improvement in the hydrogen desorption properties was likely to be the result of the impact of the highly dispersed catalyst on the surface of the Mg/MgH2 system, the reduction in particle size during the ball milling process and/or the formation of Mg0.996Zr0.004 phase during the milling process.

Toughening Modification of Poly(butylene terephthalate)/Polycarbonate Blends by Poly(ethylene-co-octene)

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-394
Author(s):  
Huiyu Bai ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yinxi Zhang ◽  
Xiangfu Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Average Diameter ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bisphenol A Polycarbonate ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Butylene Terephthalate ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
The Impact

New toughened poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) blends were obtained by melt blending with commercial poly(ethylene-co-octene) copolymer (POE), varying the POE content up to 10 wt%, in a twin screw extruder, followed by injection moulding. The influence of POE on the properties of the PBT/PC blends was investigated in terms of mechanical testing, dynamic mechanical thermal (DMTA) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results showed that addition of POE led to remarkable increases in the impact strength, elongation at break and Vicat temperature, and a reduction in the tensile strength and flexural properties of PBT/PC blends. The morphology of the blends was observed using SEM and the average diameter of the dispersed phase was determined by image analysis. The critical inter-particle distance for PBT/PC was determined.

Tuning of HDPE Properties for 3D Printing

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweesinee Chatkunakasem ◽  
Panisa Luangjuntawong ◽  
Aphiwat Pongwisuthiruchte ◽  
Chuanchom Aumnate ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Low Crystalline

The objective of this study is to improve high density polyethylene (HDPE) properties for 3D printing by addition of graphene and low density polyethylene (LDPE). Graphene was prepared by modified Hummer’s method. The prepared graphene was characterized by the infrared spectroscopy and the X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Graphene/HDPE and LDPE/HDPE composites were successfully prepared through the melt-blending technique using a twin-screw extruder. The melt flow index (MFI) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to characterize neat HDPE and the modified HDPE. FTIR and XRD results show that graphite was successfully changed into graphene completely and MFI of graphene/HDPE and LDPE/HDPE decreased as the amount of graphene and LDPE in the composite blends increased. DSC results show that the addition of low crystalline polymers can reduce a crystallization temperature and crystallinity content.

Structure-property relationship of biodegradable poly(butylene succinate)/polycaprolactone coated inorganic particle composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Yiming Liu ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Bing Meng ◽  
Zhihua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Complex Viscosity ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Inorganic Particle ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Polycaprolactone (PCL)-coated micro kaolin and nano-titania were prepared by high-speed hybrid mechanical coating. Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)-coated inorganic particle composites were prepared by the melt-blending process. The influence of coated kaolin microparticles on the dynamic rheological behavior, non-isothermal crystallization behavior, micromorphology, and mechanical behavior were investigated. The effect of coated nano-titania on the mechanical properties of PBS-coated kaolin composites was also studied. A dynamic rheological property indicates that the complex viscosity of PBS-coated kaolin microcomposites is higher than neat PBS. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) implies that the micrometric size of kaolin particles restrains the crystallization of PBS. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) reveals a well dispersed state of coated kaolin in the polymer matrix. The impact strength of PBS-coated kaolin microcomposites is improved, while the tensile strength and elongation at break is decreased, but still appreciable. The introduction of coated nano-titania improves the impact strength dramatically, and the elongation at break of composites is considerable.

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