scholarly journals Design and Evaluation of the Lab-Scale Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger (STHE) for Poultry Litter to Energy Production

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Xuejun Qian ◽  
Yulai Yang ◽  
Seong W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Current Direction ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Shell And Tube

Poultry litter is one type of biomass and waste generated from the farming process. This study performed a performance and process analysis of poultry litter to energy using the lab-scale shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) system along with a Stirling engine and a swirling fluidized bed combustor (SFBC). The effects of tube shape, flow direction, and water flow rates on water and trailer temperature changes were investigated during the poultry litter co-combustion process. Energy flow analysis and emissions were also studied. Results showed that the water outlet temperature of 62.8 ° C in the twisted tube was higher than the straight tube case (58.3 ° C ) after 130 min of the co-combustion process. It was found that the counter-current direction had higher water temperature changes, higher logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), and higher trailer temperature changes than the co-current direction. A water flow rate of 4.54 L/min showed adequate heat absorption in the lab-scale STHE system and heat rejection in the trailer. Results indicated that the lab-scale STHE system has a conversion efficiency of 42.3% and produces hot water (at about 63.9 ° C ) along with lower emissions. This research study confirmed that poultry litter can be used to generate energy (e.g., hot water and electricity) by using a lab-scale biomass conversion system for space heating applications.

scholarly journals Design, Fabrication and Testing of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Integrated with Vacuum Tubes Solar Water Heater

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Khaled S. AlQdah ◽  
Abdullah Alfredi ◽  
Nasser Alnuman ◽  
Mohannad Aljohani ◽  
Mishary Almutairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Vacuum Tube ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Shell And Tube

Heat exchanger is a device used to accomplish the transfer of heat from one fluid to another. There are a wide variety of applications regarding shell and tube heat exchangers in the fields of petroleum and industrial applications, due to its enhanced heat transfer characteristics. This project was designed to establish an insight of detailed design and performance of the shell and tube heat exchanger based on energy and mass conservation laws. Solar water heating system techniques were used to provide the system with necessary hot water. One of these techniques was to evacuate tube solar heating system which can be considered as a more efficient way to supply this system with hot water. To enhance the system performance, proper material selection for shell and tubes structure and flow pipe network based on their availability in the local markets was brought into consideration as well. Furthermore, the implemented design was examined under Medina climatic conditions for its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, execution and sustainability. It was found that the heat exchanger efficacy, performance and the vacuum tube efficiency were in highly acceptable ranges and cost effective. In addition, the vacuum tube solar water heating was found to be a clean and safe source of renewable energy. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the system effectiveness was conducted and the outlet temperature determined for the system varied between 44 to 50ºC for the heat exchanger whereas the vacuum tube exit temperature was elevated up to 84 to 90ºC. The efficiency of the solar collector was found to be 61.84%.

scholarly journals Thermal Analysis of the Effects of Multifaceted Conditions on Performance of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Taiwo O. Oni ◽  
Ayotunde A. Ojo ◽  
Daniel C. Uguru-Okorie ◽  
David O. Akindele
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Parallel Flow ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Shell And Tube ◽  
Flow Configurations

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger which was subjected to different flow configurations, viz. counter flow, and parallel flow, was investigated. Each of the flow configurations was operated under two different conditions of the shell, that is, an uninsulated shell and a shell insulated with fiber glass. The hot water inlet temperature of the tube was reduced gradually from 60 oC to 40 oC, and performance evaluation of the heat exchanger was carried out. It was found that for the uninsulated shell, the heat transfer effectiveness for hot water inlet temperature of 60, 55, 50, 45, and 40 oC are 0.243, 0.244, 0.240, 0.240, and 0.247, respectively, for the parallel flow arrangement. For the counter flow arrangement, the heat transfer effectiveness for the uninsulated shell are 2.40, 2.74, 5.00, 4.17, and 2.70%, respectively, higher than those for the parallel flow. The heat exchanger’s heat transfer effectiveness with fiber-glass-insulated shell for the parallel flow condition with tube hot water inlet temperatures of 60, 55, 50, 45, and 40 oC are 0.223, 0.226, 0.220, 0.225, and 0.227, respectively, whereas the counter flow condition has its heat transfer effectiveness increased by 1.28, 1.47, 1.82, 1.11, and 1.18%, respectively, over those of the parallel flow.

scholarly journals Thermohydraulic Analysis of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger with Segmental Baffles

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarjit Singh ◽  
Satbir S. Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Number Range ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Tube Type ◽  
Shell And Tube ◽  
Nondimensional Temperature

In this study, the experimental analysis was performed on the shell-and-tube type heat exchanger containing segmental baffles at different orientations. In the current work, three angular orientations (θ) 0°, 30°, and 60° of the baffles were analyzed for laminar flow having the Reynolds number range 303–1516. It was observed that, with increase of Reynolds number from 303 to 1516, there was a 94.8% increase in Nusselt number and 282.9% increase in pressure drop. Due to increase of Reynolds number from 303 to 1516, there is a decrease in nondimensional temperature factor for cold water (ω) by 57.7% and hot water (ξ) by 57.1%, respectively.

scholarly journals A Numerical Study for a Double Twisted Tube Heat Exchanger

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1583-1589
Author(s):  
Ali K. Abdul Razzaq ◽  
Khudheyer S. Mushatet
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Twisted Tube

The thermal and fluid physiognomies of a double twisted tube heat exchanger was examined numerically. Twisted engineering is a wide-use method to improve heat transfer in heat exchangers. A counter-flow mode utilizing hot water in the inner tube and cold air in the outer tube was considered. This study aims to progress the thermal performance of the double tube heat exchanger by using twisted tubes instead of plane tubes. The heat exchanger was (1m) length, outer diameter (0.05m) and inner diameter (0.025m), both with a thickness (0.004m). It was tested for different values of twist ratios (Tr= 5, 10, and 15 respectively) and Reynolds numbers (Re=5000 to 30000). The Navier - Stockes and energy equations besides the turbulence model in demand for modelling this physical problem. ANSYS Fluent code was used for the numerical simulation. The results showed that the twisted tube heat exchanger showed increasing heat transfer compared with a plain tube heat exchanger. It was found that the cold outlet temperature, pressure drop and effectiveness are increased as the twist ratio increases.

scholarly journals Robust controller design for a heat exchanger using ℋ2, ℋ∞, ℋ2/ℋ∞, and μ-synthesis approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Vasičkaninová ◽  
Monika Bakošová
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Robust Controllers ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Shell And Tube ◽  
Robust Controller Design

Abstract Possibilities of using robust controllers for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger control were studied, tested and compared by simulations and obtained results are presented in this paper. The heat exchanger was used to pre-heat petroleum by hot water; the controlled output was the measured output temperature of the heated fluid — petroleum, and the control input was the volumetric flow rate of the heating fluid — water. Robust controllers were designed using ℋ2, ℋ∞, ℋ2/ℋ∞ strategies and μ-synthesis. A comparison with the classical PID control demonstrated the superiority of the proposed robust control especially in case when the controlled process is affected by disturbances.

Comparison of Static and Dynamic Neural Network Models in Predicting Outlet Temperature of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Manikandan ◽  
Yerram Naidu ◽  
B. Janardhan ◽  
M. Raj Kishore ◽  
K. Prabhakar
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Dynamic Neural Network ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Dynamic Network Models ◽  
Shell And Tube

This paper presents the comparison of static and dynamic neural network (NN), model to predict the exit temperature of the heat exchangers. Feed forward NN was used as a static network while Time delay NN was used for a dynamic network. Experimental data was collected from a shell and tube heat exchanger to provide sufficient data processing, namely training, test and validation data to develop the models. The static and dynamic network models of the heat exchanger have been developed using Matlab. The performances of the models were evaluated by their statistical validity using the correlation co-efficient and the mean squared error. For time series predictions, the dynamic NN has shown better results than the static NN.

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun Alat Penukar Kalor Shell And Tube Dengan Satu Laluan Cangkang Dan Dua Laluan Tabung Sebagai Pemanas Air

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farel H. Napitupulu ◽  
Tekad Sitepu ◽  
Jefry Kusuma ◽  
Agus Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Tube Material ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Shell And Tube ◽  
Water Waste

Limbah air panas yang dibuang langsung tanpa diproses pasti akan mengakibatkan efek buruk terhadap ekosistem air. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu  rancang bangun alat penukar kalor yang memanfaatkan energi panas dari limbah air panas pabrik pupuk yang bertujuan untuk memanaskan air dan akan digunakan sebagai air panas di pemandian perumahan karyawan pabrik pupuk. Dengan memanfaatkan energi panas dari limbah air panas tersebut maka temperatur limbah air panas ini juga akan turun dan selanjutnyadapat dibuang ke sungai tanpa membahayakan ekosistem di sungai. Secara ringkas, didapat alat penukar kalor berukuran panjang 1,64 m, lebar 0,48 m , dan tinggi 2,1 m , Panjang  total  pipa pada alat penukar kalornya  adalah 2,7 m berdiameter 13mm , dan shellnya mempunyai panjang  1,35m dan  berdiameter  70mm, volume pada tangki Alat penukar ini sebesar 27 Liter. Pada tabung dalam APK shell and tube, material yang digunakan adalah tembaga dengan nilai konduktivitas sebesar 385 W/mK sedangkan pada APK tabung sepusat, material yang digunakan adalah aluminium dengan nilai konduktivitas  sebesar 205 W/mK. Sedangkan efektifitas terbesar setelah dilakukan percobaan adalah 35,4040%. Hot water waste that is discharged directly without being processed will definitely have an adverse effect on the water ecosystem. This study aimed to make a design of heat exchanger that utilized heat energy from hot water waste of fertilizer factories to heat water and produce hot water for the housings of the fertilizer factories. By utilizing heat energy from the hot water waste, the temperature of the hot water waste would also drop and it could be discharged into the river without endangering the ecosystem in the river. In summary, a heat exchanger measuring 1.64 m long, 0.48 m wide, and 2.1 m high was built with the 2.7 m total length and 13 mm diameter of the pipe on the heat exchanger, a diameter of 1.35 m and 70mm shell, and a 27 liter volume on the tank. In shell and tube heat exchanger, the material used was copper with a conductivity value of 385 W/mK; while in a centralized tube heat exchanger, the material used was aluminum with a conductivity value of 205 W/mK. The largest effectiveness post the experiment was 35.4040 %. 

scholarly journals Effect of Hybrid Controller on a Heat Exchanger for ENHANCING HEAT Transfer Rate of AL2O3 Nanofluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 587-592
Author(s):  
R. Vivekananthan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Transfer Rate ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Hybrid Controller ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shell And Tube ◽  
Al2o3 Nanofluid

Abstract: In this research paper, a hybrid controller is designed and developed which maintains the outlet temperature of a shell and tube heat exchanger by varying the cold water flow rate in such a way that conform the desired set value. Al2O3 nanofluid is mixed with water is to be used as the cooling fluid to increase the rate of heat transfer. PID controller only is not suitable for precise and a wide range of temperature control requirement. So that hybrid controller is designed and implemented by combining methods of fuzzy logic and PID controller’s concepts using Labview. Experiments were done on parallel flow shell and tube heat exchanger in a closed cycle system. The performance of the heat exchanger system is improved by a hybrid controller and the heat transfer rate is enhanced by aluminum oxide nanofluid. Keywords: Heat transfer, shell and tube heat exchanger, Al2O3 nanofluid, Labview, hybrid controller Introduction

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger using Ansys Fluent

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11S2) ◽  
pp. 543-545
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Desirable Outcome ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Shell And Tube

From the current situation, the Heat Exchangers uses extreme commonly are tube and Shell heat exchangers. The most usual uses of Shell and tube heat exchangers are electricity creation, cooling system of hydraulic fluid, oil in motors, transmissions, and hydraulic power packs. Shell and tube heat exchangers are made of the casing using a bunch of tubes with inside. The desirable outcome of the paper is to figure out the speed of heat transport using hot water as the hot liquid. The target of this paper is to mimic a tube and shell heat exchanger and also to assess blood flow and temperatures from the tubes and shell by employing applications tool Ansys. The simulation is composed of modeling and meshing cross section of tube and shell heat exchanger utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

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