scholarly journals Oxidant–Antioxidant Status in Canine Multicentric Lymphoma and Primary Cutaneous Mastocytoma

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cucchi ◽  
Roberto Ramoni ◽  
Giuseppina Basini ◽  
Simona Bussolati ◽  
Fausto Quintavalla
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Oncologic Patients ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Multicentric Lymphoma

Oxidative stress is a prominent event in several acute and chronic diseases including neoplasia. Although its direct involvement in carcinogenesis still remains to be clearly defined, a deeper knowledge of oxidative stress in oncologic patients could help to monitor their clinical outcome and to develop new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to explore redox status in blood of neoplastic dogs affected either by multicentric lymphoma or by primary cutaneous mastocytoma. Superoxide anion (O2 •−), nitric oxide (NO) and hydroperoxides (ROOH) were measured. Detoxifying enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP)) were assessed. The oxidative stress index (OSi) both for enzymatic (OSiE) and non-enzymatic (OSiNE) scavengers were evaluated. Both pathologies, showed a reduced NO generation, while O2 •− levels were decreased only in mastocytoma. The oxidative stress indexes showed a significant decrease in mastocytoma patients, only for OSiE.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Dumitrescu ◽  
Iulia Popescu-Olaru ◽  
Liviu Cozma ◽  
Delia Tulbă ◽  
Mihail Eugen Hinescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mutual Relationship ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Important Pathway

The gut-brain axis is increasingly recognized as an important pathway of communication and of physiological regulation, and gut microbiota seems to play a significant role in this mutual relationship. Oxidative stress is one of the most important pathogenic mechanisms for both neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s, and acute conditions, such as stroke or traumatic brain injury. A peculiar microbiota type might increase brain inflammation and reactive oxygen species levels and might favor abnormal aggregation of proteins. Reversely, brain lesions of various etiologies result in alteration of gut properties and microbiota. These recent hypotheses could open a door for new therapeutic approaches in various neurological diseases.

scholarly journals Salivary Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Julita Szulimowska ◽  
Anna Skutnik ◽  
Katarzyna Taranta-Janusz ◽  
Anna Wasilewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Biomarker

There are still missing non-invasive biomarkers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress indicators in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated saliva (SWS) of CKD children (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 25). Salivary antioxidants (catalase (CAT), peroxidase (Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), uric acid (UA), reduced glutathione (GSH), albumin), redox status (total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI)), and oxidative damage products (advanced glycation end products (AGE), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA)) were evaluated. We have demonstrated the significantly higher activity of SWS GPx and SOD, as well as elevated concentrations of UA and albumin in NWS and SWS of CKD children vs. the control group. TAC, TOS and OSI were significantly higher only in SWS, while oxidative damage products (AGE, AOPP and MDA) were significantly higher in both NWS and SWS of CKD children. ROC analysis showed a considerably high diagnostic value of AOPP in both NWS and SWS of CKD children compared to controls (AUC = 0.92; 0.98). CKD is responsible for disturbances in salivary antioxidant systems and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids. Salivary AOPP can be a potential biomarker of CKD in children.

scholarly journals Characterization of blood redox status of early and mid-late lactating dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 170-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cigliano ◽  
M. Strazzullo ◽  
C. Rossetti ◽  
G. Grazioli ◽  
G. Auriemma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Lactating Cows

The effect of the stage of lactation on blood redox homeostasis of bovine and buffalo cows was evaluated. The investigation was carried out on early lactating and mid-late lactating cows, reared in a farm located in Campania (southern Italy). Plasma concentration of α-tocopherol and ascorbate, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase activities were higher (P < 0.01) in mid-late lactating cows, thus suggesting a higher consumption of antioxidants during early lactation. Plasma concentration of protein-bound carbonyls (PC) and nitrotyrosine (N-Tyr), and the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LPO) were higher (P < 0.01) in early lactating cows, thus suggesting that lipid peroxidation and peroxynitrite production are crucial in determining oxidative modifications in plasma. TAC was positively correlated with ascorbate concentration (P < 0.03), and negatively correlated with PC concentration (P < 0.002), and ascorbate was negatively correlated with PC (P < 0.03) in mid-late lactating group. These findings demonstrate that circulating ascorbate plays a major role in preventing protein modifications induced by carbonyls, and that ascorbate scavenging effect is impaired during early lactation. We calculated a protein oxidative stress index as the ratio (PC + N-Tyr)/TAC multiplied by 100, and we found that this parameter was higher (P < 0.0001) in early lactating cows. Therefore, it could be useful for assessing the extent of protein oxidative damage in relation to the whole antioxidant status. Further, we suggest that the LPO/GPx ratio multiplied by 100 might be used as lipid oxidative stress index in lactating cows. This index was higher (P < 0.0001) in early lactating cows, and might represent a standard parameter for evaluating the lipid damage depending on a deficiency of the enzymatic antioxidant defence. These parameters are proposed for a possible effective description of physiological changes associated with lactation.  

scholarly journals Sulfur mustard induced oxidative stress and its alteration using asoxime (HI-6)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Pohanka ◽  
Jakub Sobotka ◽  
Hana Svobodova ◽  
Rudolf Stetina
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Hi 6 ◽  
Stress Protection ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Cytotoxic Mechanism ◽  
Oxidative Insult

ABSTRACT Sulfur mustard (SM) is a blister agent with cytotoxic mechanism of action. There is no suitable treatment based on administration of an antidote. In this study, Wistar rats were exposed to SM in doses of 0-40 mg/kg body weight and treated with the compound HI-6. The treatment provided no significant effect on ferric reducing antioxidant power of blood and plasma. However, HI-6 caused an increase in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. This stressogenic response was presumably the cause of the significant elevation of the blood level of both glutathione reductase and reduced glutathione. HI-6 appears to be suitable for enhancing prophylactically oxidative stress protection from small oxidative insult

scholarly journals Oxidative stress index (OSi) as a new tool to assess redox status in dairy cattle during the transition period

animal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1374-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abuelo ◽  
J. Hernández ◽  
J.L. Benedito ◽  
C. Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Caesalpinia volkensii Harms., Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffm., and Acacia hockii De Wild

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Beatrice Muthoni Guchu ◽  
Alex King’ori Machocho ◽  
Stephen Kiruthi Mwihia ◽  
Mathew Piero Ngugi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Oxidative stress is the result of the disparity between pro-oxidants and antioxidants in an organism, and it is important in the pathogenesis of several degenerative disorders, such as arthritis, Alzheimer’s, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Free radicals can damage biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carbohydrates, and the DNA leading to mutations. The use of antioxidants is effective in delaying the oxidation of biomolecules. Antioxidants are complexes found in the food that can retard or deter oxidation by preventing the initiation and propagation of oxidizing chain reactions. Medicinal plants have been used for centuries by man to manage diseases and have a host of antioxidant complexes. Traditionally, Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii have folkloric remedies against associated oxidative stress-mediated complications. However, the upsurge in its use has not been accompanied by scientific validations to support these claims. In this study, in vitro antioxidant activity of Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii collected from Embu County (Kenya) were determined by radical scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical in addition to ferric reducing antioxidant power analyzed against that of L-ascorbic acid as the standard. The obtained results revealed remarkable antioxidant activities of the studied plant extracts as evidenced by the low IC50 and EC50 values. These antioxidant activities could be due to the presence of antioxidants phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and saponins among others. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of this plant could be due to their antioxidant properties. This study recommends bioassay of the extracts against oxidative stress-related disorders for development of phytomedicine with antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Separation and Characterization of Phenolamines and Flavonoids from Rape Bee Pollen, and Comparison of Their Antioxidant Activities and Protective Effects Against Oxidative Stress

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifang Zhang ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Qun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Kaempferol Glycosides

Phenolamines and flavonoids are two important components in bee pollen. There are many reports on the bioactivity of flavonoids in bee pollen, but few on phenolamines. This study aims to separate and characterize the flavonoids and phenolamines from rape bee pollen, and compare their antioxidant activities and protective effects against oxidative stress. The rape bee pollen was separated to obtain 35% and 50% fractions, which were characterized by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. The results showed that the compounds in 35% fraction were quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, while the compounds in 50% fraction were phenolamines, including di-p-coumaroyl spermidine, p-coumaroyl caffeoyl hydroxyferuloyl spermine, di-p-coumaroyl hydroxyferuloyl spermine, and tri-p-coumaroyl spermidine. The antioxidant activities of phenolamines and flavonoids were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. It was found that the antioxidant activity of phenolamines was significantly higher than that of flavonoids. Moreover, phenolamines showed better protective effects than flavonoids on HepG2 cells injured by AAPH. Furthermore, phenolamines could significantly reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and increase the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels. This study lays a foundation for the further understanding of phenolamines in rape bee pollen.

scholarly journals Probiotic Supplementation is Associated with Increased Antioxidant Capacity and Copper Chelation in C. difficile-Infected Fecal Water

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Baasir Gaisawat ◽  
Michèle M. Iskandar ◽  
Chad W. MacPherson ◽  
Thomas A. Tompkins ◽  
Stan Kubow
Keyword(s):  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Copper Chelation ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Fecal Water

Probiotic supplementation plays a key role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis due to its ability to modulate gut microbiota. Although their potential as potent antioxidants have previously been explored, their ability to affect the redox status in the gut lumen of healthy subjects or those with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders remains unclear. In our study, we assessed the ability of single strain and multispecies probiotic supplementation to cause a change in the redox status of normal fecal water and in Clostridium (C.) difficile-infected fecal water using a simulated gastrointestinal model. Changes in redox status were assessed by ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2’,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and iron and copper chelation assays. The findings from our study showed that in normal fecal water, probiotic supplements, apart from Lactobacillus (L.) rhamnosus R0011, showed a significant increase in iron chelation (p < 0.05), which was associated with lower FRAP and copper chelation. In C. difficile-infected fecal water, all probiotic supplements showed a significant increase in FRAP (p < 0.05) and were associated with increased copper chelation. The DPPH assay showed no treatment effect in either fecal water. These findings suggest that C. difficile mediates dysregulation of redox status, which is counteracted by probiotics through ferric-reducing ability and copper chelation.

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