scholarly journals Analysis of Selected Physicochemical Properties of Commercial Apple Juices

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1457
Author(s):  
Leszek Rydzak ◽  
Zbigniew Kobus ◽  
Rafał Nadulski ◽  
Kamil Wilczyński ◽  
Anna Pecyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Soluble Solid

The paper presents the comparison of quality of six different commercial apple juices produced in Poland. The apple juices came from two different Polish companies. From each manufacturer three various juices were selected: two cloudy and clarified one produced as a mixture of different apple varieties. The following properties were evaluated: density, soluble solid content, viscosity, total phenolic contents, phenolic acid, and antiradical activity. The obtained results showed that three from fourth cloudy juices (M1Sz, M1A and M2A) differed from clarified juices. The highest differences were noticed for total phenolic contents, phenolic acids, antiradical activity and viscosity. The values of these properties ranged between 60.72–103.6 mg GAE·100−1 mL−1 for phenolic contents, 78.3–90.9% for antiradical activity and 2.68–5.79 mPa·s for viscosity. The remaining cloudy juice (M2Sz) was more similar to the clarified ones. The strong correlation between total phenolic content and antiradical activity of apple juices was found. The high correlation coefficient obtained between these features indicates that both producers do not apply excessive amounts of vitamin C during the production of cloudy apple juices. There was also a strong interrelation between the density of juice and solid soluble content. However, no correlation was found between the solid soluble content and the viscosity of the tested juices.

scholarly journals Phytochemical changes in heated Rosa species fruits and seeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
Güneş Mehmet ◽  
Dölek Ümit ◽  
Elmastaş Mahfuz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Rosa Species ◽  
Β Carotene

The phytochemical changes in heat-treated Rosa species fruits and seeds were determined. Fruits and seeds of five advanced genotypes belonging to Rosa dumalis, R. canina, and R. villosa were used. Fruits were harvested at optimal maturity and boiled in distilled water for 30 min, followed by analysis of soluble solid content, dry matter, pH, titratable acidity, total sugar, β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and vitamin C. Total phenolic content and the antioxidant activities of fresh and boiled fruits were also analyzed, and fatty acid levels in fresh and heated seeds were determined. Total sugar, pH, and antioxidant activities were not affected, but β-carotene was affected significantly by heating in all species. The losses in β-carotene, α-tocopherol, and vitamin C were between 78–86, 29–51, and 12–60%, respectively. Heat treatment did not affect significantly the ratios of major fatty acids except for R. dumalis (MR-12 and MR-46).

scholarly journals Formation of Acrylamide and other Heat-Induced Compounds during Panela Production

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Mesias ◽  
Cristina Delgado-Andrade ◽  
Faver Gómez-Narváez ◽  
José Contreras-Calderón ◽  
Francisco J. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Soluble Solid

Non-centrifugal cane sugar (panela) is an unrefined sugar obtained through intense dehydration of sugarcane juice. Browning, antioxidant capacity (measured by ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay and total phenolic content) and the formation of acrylamide and other heat-induced compounds such as hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural, were evaluated at different stages during the production of block panela. Values ranged between below the limit of quantitation (LOQ)–890 µg/kg, < LOQ–2.37 mg/kg, < LOQ–4.5 mg/kg, 0.51–3.6 Abs 420 nm/g, 0.89–4.18 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g and 5.08–29.70 µmol TE/g, for acrylamide, HMF, furfural, browning, total phenolic content and ABTS (all data in fresh weight), respectively. Acrylamide significantly increased as soluble solid content increased throughout the process. The critical stages for the formation of acrylamide, HMF and furfural were the concentration of the clarified juice in the concentration stage to get the panela honey and the final stage. Similar trends were observed for the other parameters. This research concludes that acrylamide, HMF and furfural form at a high rate during panela processing at the stage of juice concentration by intense evaporation. Therefore, the juice concentration stage is revealed as the critical step in the process to settle mitigation strategies.

SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTITUMOR 20 TUMBUHAN OBAT ASAL KABUPATEN MANOKWARI

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimo Budi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents

<strong><em>Flavanoid, steroid, and terpenoid contents of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were analyzed.  The antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents and antitumor activity of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were also evaluated. The result shows that 83% positif to flavanoid test, 59% positif to terpenoid test and only 25% positif steroid. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents evaluated using Ferric Thiocianate (FTC) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods respectively. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of medicinal plants were extracted by the traditional method, boiling in water and also in 80% methanol. Twenty plants evaluated in both exstracts have significantly varies of antioxidant activities and phenolic contents,  A significant and linier correlation coefficient between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content was found in both aqueous (R<sup>2</sup>= 0,77) and methanol (R<sup>2</sup> = 0,85). Antitumor activity was tested using cell maurine P-388 and only 2 of medicinal plants are active to inhibit cell maurine P-388. Comparing extraction efficiency of the two methods, the methanol extracted phenolic compounds more efficiently, and antioxidant activity of the extract was higher.</em></strong>

Role of Phospholipase D Inhibitor in Regulating Expression of Senescencerelated Phospholipase D gene in Postharvest Longan Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Jiemin Li ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Ping Yi ◽  
Changbao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Pericarp Browning

Background: Phospholipase D (PLD)is closely related to browning and senescence of postharvest longan fruit. Objective: This study investigated the effects of 2-butanol (a PLD inhibitor) on the expression and regulation of PLD during storage of longan fruit at a low temperature. Methods: Senescence-related quality indices showed that the 2-butanol-treated fruit presented lower pericarp browning index, pulp breakdown index and total soluble solid value than the untreated fruit. Results: The fruit treated by 60 µL/L 2-butanol exhibited the strongest inhibition on senescence, which significantly delayed changes in weight, titratable acidity content, total soluble solid content and ascorbic acid content. This treatment maintained a high level of total phenolic content and caused significant inhibition on pericarp browning and pulp breakdown. Through ELISA method, 60 µL/L 2-butanol treatment also reduced PLD activity. Real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) results showed that PLD mRNA expression level was inhibited by 60 µL/L 2-butanol within 15 days. Western-blotting results further confirmed the differential expression of PLD during storage, and a relatively higher expression for PLD protein was found in control compared to the 2-butanoltreated fruit during 15-d storage. Conclusion: These results provided a scientific basis and reference to further investigating postharvest longan quality maintenance by regulating the PLD gene expression.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties of Lonicera caerulea Berries: Evaluation of 11 Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Ina Jasutienė ◽  
Antanas Šarkinas ◽  
Vilma Kaškonienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The aim of the study was to evaluate 11 cultivars of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) for bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and the antibacterial activity of berries. Total phenolic contents (TPCs) and total anthocyanin contents (TACs) were established by using ethanolic extracts. For contents of organic acids and saccharides, aqueous extracts were used, and vitamin C was determined by using oxalic acid solution. DPPH• radical scavenging capacity was evaluated by using ethanolic extracts; antibacterial activity was assessed by using both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. The TPC varied from 364.02 ± 0.41 mg/100 g in ‘Vostorg’ to 784.5 ± 0.3 mg/100 g in ‘Obilnaja’, and TAC ranged from 277.8 ± 1.1 mg/100 g in ‘Čelnočnaja’ to 394.1 ± 8.4 mg/100 g in ‘Nimfa’. Anthocyanins comprised 53.8% of total phenolic contents on average. Among organic acids, citric acid was predominant, averaging 769.41 ± 5.34 mg/100 g, with malic and quinic acids amounting to 289.90 ± 2.64 and 45.00 ± 0.37 mg/100 g on average, respectively. Contents of vitamin C were 34.26 ± 0.25 mg/100 g on average. Organic acids were most effective in the inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested. In conclusion, berries of L. caerulea are beneficial not only for fresh consumption, but also as a raw material or ingredients of foods with high health-promoting value.

scholarly journals The Mater-Bi® biodegradable film for strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) mulching: effects on fruit yield and quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Morra ◽  
Maurizio Bilotto ◽  
Domenico Cerrato ◽  
Raffaella Coppola ◽  
Vincenzo Leone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Biodegradable Film ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Soluble Solid

Two trials in different agricultural farms were carried out from October 2014 to June 2015 with the aim to assess the advantages linked to the substitution of the low density polyethylene (LDPE) films for soil mulching with the Mater-Bi<sup>®</sup> biodegradable films in the strawberry cultivation under tunnel in Campania. Lifetime of biodegradable mulch and influence of type of mulch on the yield and the quality of cvs Sabrina and Fortuna were evaluated. Plants were cultivated on mulched, raised beds, high 40 cm from bottom soil. Mater-Bi<sup>®</sup> film was 20 <span>µ</span>m thick while LDPE film was 50 mm thick. The physical-chemical parameters (firmness, pH, total soluble solid content, titratable acidity and skin colour) and some bioactive compounds (total polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant activity) of fruits were determined by three samplings effected in consecutive months (from March to May 2015) of the harvest cycle. Biodegradable film guaranteed an effective mulch along the whole strawberry cycle (9-10 months including the time of drawing up of film). Yields of cv Sabrina on LDPE was 18% higher than those on Mater-Bi<sup>®</sup> while the opposite was detected in cv Fortuna (+10%). The physical-chemical parameters of fruits were not modified by the mulches. The content of the bioactive compounds, instead, resulted, in each time of sampling, significantly higher in fruits picked on Mater-Bi<sup>®</sup> based film.

scholarly journals ARRANJO ESPACIAL E PODA NA PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE QUÍMICA DE MARACUJÁ IRRIGADO COM ÁGUA SALINA

Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-561
Author(s):  
RAFAEL RAMOS MORAIS ◽  
JOÃO PAULO SILVA MACÊDO ◽  
LOURIVAL FERREIRA CAVALCANTE ◽  
JACKSON TEIXEIRA LOBO ◽  
ANTÔNIO GUSTAVO LUNA SOUTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Solids Content

ARRANJO ESPACIAL E PODA NA PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE QUÍMICA DE MARACUJÁ IRRIGADO COM ÁGUA SALINA     RAFAEL RAMOS MORAIS1; JOÃO PAULO SILVA MACÊDO2; LOURIVAL FERREIRA CAVALCANTE3; JACKSON TEIXEIRA LOBO1; ANTÔNIO GUSTAVO LUNA SOUTO1 E EVANDRO FRANKLIN MESQUITA4   1 Programa de pós-graduação em Agronomia, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rodovia PB 079, SN, Km 12, 58.397-000, Areia, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]; [email protected], [email protected]. 2 Empresa Paraibana de Pesquisa, Extensão Rural e Regularização Fundiária, Rodovia BR 230, S/N, Km 13, Morada Nova, 58.108-502, Cabedelo, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]. 3 Professor do Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rodovia PB 079, S/N, Km 12, 58.397-000, Areia, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]. 4 Professor do Centro de Ciências Humanas e Agrárias, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Sitio Cajueiro, S/N, Zona Rural, 58.884-000, Catolé do Rocha, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Um experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Coronel Ezequiel, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, para avaliar os efeitos da densidade de plantio e poda da haste principal em plantas de maracujazeiro amarelo, acesso Guinezinho, sob irrigação com água salina de 3,4 dS m-1. Os tratamentos, com distância de 2,0 m entre linhas, foram distribuídos em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de 12 plantas por parcela, em esquema fatorial 4 × 2, correspondente as distâncias de 3, 6, 9 e 12 m entre plantas nas linhas com e sem poda da haste principal, ao atingir o sistema de sustentação. Os componentes avaliados foram número de frutos colhidos, produção por planta, produtividade e na polpa dos frutos, os valores de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, pH e a relação sólidos solúveis/ acidez titulável. A interação entre os fatores estudados exerceu efeitos significativos no número de frutos colhidos, produção por planta, teor de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável. A produtividade foi influenciada pelos dois fatores de forma isolada. O pH da polpa respondeu apenas ao espaçamento entre plantas nas linhas e a relação SS/AT não foi influenciada por nenhuma das fontes de variação estudadas. O aumento das distâncias de plantio nas linhas promove ganho de produção por planta, mas reduz a produtividade. Plantas podadas na haste principal apresentam maior produtividade. A irrigação com água de qualidade restritiva à agricultura não inibiu a capacidade produtiva do maracujazeiro amarelo acesso Guinezinho e não prejudicou a qualidade química dos frutos.   Palavras-chave: acesso Guinezinho, densidade de plantio, Passiflora edulis Sims.     MORAIS, R. R.; MACÊDO, J. P. S.; CAVALCANTE, L. F.; LOBO, J. T.; SOUTO, A. G. L.; MESQUITA, E. F. SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT AND PRUNING IN THE PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF YELLOW PASSIONFRUIT IRRIGATED WITH SALINE WATER       2 ABSTRACT   An experiment was carried out in  Coronel Ezequiel municipality, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, to evaluate the effects of planting density and pruning of the main stem on yellow passion fruit plants access Guinezinho under irrigation with saline water (3.4 dS m-1). The treatments, with inter-row distance of 2 m, were distributed in randomized blocks, with four replications of 12 plants per plot, in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to intra-row distances of 3, 6, 9 and 12 m for plants with and without pruned main stem, upon reaching the support system. The evaluated components were number of fruit harvested, production per plant, fruit yield and in the fruit pulp, the analyzed components were soluble solid content, titratable acidity, pH and soluble solid content/ titratable acidity ratio. The interaction between the factors studied significantly affected the number of fruit harvested, production per plant, solids content and titratable acidity. The fruit yield was influenced by the two isolated factors, but the pH of the pulp responded only to the intra-row plant spacing, and the solids content/ titratable acidity ratio was not influenced by any of the sources of variation studied. Increasing the distances intra-row raises the production per plant, but reduces fruit yield. Plants pruned on the main stem have higher fruit yield. Irrigation with restrictive water quality to agriculture did not inhibit the productive capacity of yellow passion fruit access Guinezinho and did not impair the chemical quality of the fruits.   Keywords: Guinezinho access, planting density, Passiflora edulis Sims.

YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SOME PLUM CULTIVARSIN ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Mădălina Butac ◽  
Mihai Chivu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Fruit Growing

The aim of this study was to assess the yield and fruits quality of plum produced in ecological system.In 2019-2020 periods the influence of different fertilizers (Biohumus, Macys BC 28 and Cifamin BK) on yield and fruits quality at three plum cultivars (‘Centenar’, ‘Tita’ and ‘Stanley’) was carried out in a demonstrative plot from Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitești, Romania. Biohumus was applied to the soil in increasing dosesfrom 0.5 l/tree (respectively 415 l/ha), 0.7 l/tree (respectively 585 l/ha) to 0.9 l / tree (respectively 750 l/ha) in two moments: in spring before the start of vegetation and in autumn after the fall of the leaves.Macys BC 28 and Cifamin BK fertilizers were applied foliar in doses of 2 l/ha, respectively 1 l/ha, in two moments: after flowering and in the young fruit phase.As results of the investigations we found that: the highest fruit yield was obtained at ‘Centenar’ (47.36 kg/tree) and ‘Stanley’ (41.00 kg/tree) cultivars in fertilization variant 3 (Biohumus – 0,9 l/tree, soil application + Macys BC 28 – 2 l/ha, foliar application + Cifamin BK – 1 l/ha, foliar application);the best results regarding the fruits weight were also obtained in the 3rd fertilization variant (Biohumus – 0,9 l/tree, soil application + Macys BC 28 – 2 l/ha, foliar application + Cifamin BK – 1 l/ha, foliar application), among the varieties being noted the ‘Tita’cv. with an average fruit weight of 59. 14 g; the fruits soluble solid content was higher in the case of the fertilized variants than in the unfertilized variant and the fruits aciditywas higher in the case of the unfertilized variant than in the fertilized variants.

Note. Physicochemical Composition of Ten Pomegranate Cultivars (Punica granatum L.) Grown in Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fadavi ◽  
M. Barzegar ◽  
M. H. Azizi ◽  
M. Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Atomic Spectroscopy ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
C Protein ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Ten pomegranate varieties were analysed for their percent of skin, juice, seed, lipid content and moisture, and sugars, minerals, vitamin C, protein, pH, titrable acidity (TA) and soluble solid content (SSC) of juices. Predominant sugars were fructose (3.50 to 5.96g/100g) and glucose (3.40 to 6.40g/100g). Saccharose and maltose were not practically detected in any variety. K, Na, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb and Cd were determined by ICP atomic spectroscopy. Contents of K, Na, Ca and Mg were the highest among minerals in fruit juices. The average concentration of vitamin C, protein, TA, SSC and pH were 0.09-0.40mg/100g, 0.29-1.93%, 4.0-24.5g/L, 10.0-16.5°Brix and 2.90-4.21, respectively.

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