scholarly journals Statistical Explorations and Univariate Timeseries Analysis on COVID-19 Datasets to Understand the Trend of Disease Spreading and Death

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayan Chatterjee ◽  
Martin W. Gerdes ◽  
Santiago G. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Timeseries Analysis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

“Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)”, the novel coronavirus, is responsible for the ongoing worldwide pandemic. “World Health Organization (WHO)” assigned an “International Classification of Diseases (ICD)” code—“COVID-19”-as the name of the new disease. Coronaviruses are generally transferred by people and many diverse species of animals, including birds and mammals such as cattle, camels, cats, and bats. Infrequently, the coronavirus can be transferred from animals to humans, and then propagate among people, such as with “Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV)”, “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV)”, and now with this new virus, namely “SARS-CoV-2”, or human coronavirus. Its rapid spreading has sent billions of people into lockdown as health services struggle to cope up. The COVID-19 outbreak comes along with an exponential growth of new infections, as well as a growing death count. A major goal to limit the further exponential spreading is to slow down the transmission rate, which is denoted by a “spread factor (f)”, and we proposed an algorithm in this study for analyzing the same. This paper addresses the potential of data science to assess the risk factors correlated with COVID-19, after analyzing existing datasets available in “ourworldindata.org (Oxford University database)”, and newly simulated datasets, following the analysis of different univariate “Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)” models for forecasting new cases and resulting deaths. The result shows that vanilla, stacked, and bidirectional LSTM models outperformed multilayer LSTM models. Besides, we discuss the findings related to the statistical analysis on simulated datasets. For correlation analysis, we included features, such as external temperature, rainfall, sunshine, population, infected cases, death, country, population, area, and population density of the past three months—January, February, and March in 2020. For univariate timeseries forecasting using LSTM, we used datasets from 1 January 2020, to 22 April 2020.

scholarly journals The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) in Dentistry. Management of Biological Risk in Dental Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Lo Giudice
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Spread Of Infection

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China, and the etiological agent of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This infection spreads mainly through direct contact with Flügge micro droplets or core droplets that remain suspended as aerosol. Moreover, it has been reported that infected subjects, both with and without clinical signs of COVID-19, can transmit the virus. Since the infection typically enters through mouth, nose, and eyes, dentistry is one of the medical practices at highest risk of infection due to the frequent production of aerosol and the constant presence of saliva. The World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested that only emergency/urgent procedures should be performed during the coronavirus outbreak. Considering the virus’ route of transmission, a specific protocol should be applied to reduce the risk of infection in addition to measures that prevent the spread of infection from a patient to another person or medical tools and equipment (cross-infection). This protocol should be implemented by modifying both patient management and clinical practice, introducing particular devices and organizational practices. This paper aims to discuss and suggest the most appropriate procedures in every aspect of dental practice to reduce infection risk.

scholarly journals A comparison of COVID-19, SARS and MERS

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Hu ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Mingyi Zhao ◽  
Quan Zhuang ◽  
Linyong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
World Health ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

In mid-December 2019, a novel atypical pneumonia broke out in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and was caused by a newly identified coronavirus, initially termed 2019 Novel Coronavirus and subsequently severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of 19 May 2020, a total of 4,731,458 individuals were reported as infected with SARS-CoV-2 among 213 countries, areas or territories with recorded cases, and the overall case-fatality rate was 6.6% (316,169 deaths among 4,731,458 recorded cases), according to the World Health Organization. Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 is notably similar to (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus) SARS-CoV that emerged in 2002–2003 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) that spread during 2012, and these viruses all contributed to global pandemics. The ability of SARS-CoV-2 to rapidly spread a pneumonia-like disease from Hubei Province, China, throughout the world has provoked widespread concern. The main symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) include fever, cough, myalgia, fatigue and lower respiratory signs. At present, nucleic acid tests are widely recommended as the optimal method for detecting SARS-CoV-2. However, obstacles remain, including the global shortage of testing kits and the presentation of false negatives. Experts suggest that almost everyone in China is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and to date, there are no effective treatments. In light of the references published, this review demonstrates the biological features, spread, diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 as a whole and aims to analyse the similarities and differences among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV to provide new ideas and suggestions for prevention, diagnosis and clinical treatment.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 on Social Life by Deep Learning

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Jijon-Vorbeck ◽  
Isabel Segura-Bedmar
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Due to the globalisation of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the expansion of social media as the main source of information for many people, there have been a great variety of different reactions surrounding the topic. The World Health Organization (WHO) announced in December 2020 that they were currently fighting an “infodemic” in the same way as they were fighting the pandemic. An “infodemic” relates to the spread of information that is not controlled or filtered, and can have a negative impact on society. If not managed properly, an aggressive or negative tweet can be very harmful and misleading among its recipients. Therefore, authorities at WHO have called for action and asked the academic and scientific community to develop tools for managing the infodemic by the use of digital technologies and data science. The goal of this study is to develop and apply natural language processing models using deep learning to classify a collection of tweets that refer to the COVID-19 pandemic. Several simpler and widely used models are applied first and serve as a benchmark for deep learning methods, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). The results of the experiments show that the deep learning models outperform the traditional machine learning algorithms. The best approach is the BERT-based model.

scholarly journals Aspek biopsikososial ibu hamil bersalin dan nifas terkonfirmasi covid-19: Rapid review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Silvia Rizki Syah Putri ◽  
Cesa Septiana Pratiwi ◽  
Herlin Fitriani Kurniawati ◽  
Luluk Rosida
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

World Health Organization (WHO) menyebut coronavirus disease yang ditemukan pertama kali di Wuhan dengan novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) yang disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Ibu hamil, bersalin, nifas dan bayi baru lahir juga merupakan sasaran yang rentan terhadap infeksi Covid-19 (Kemenkes RI, 2020).Tujuan dari Rapid Review ini adalah untuk mengetahui ibu hamil, bersalin dan nifas yang terkonfirmasi Covid-19.Dari 12 Artikel yang didapatkan ibu hamil, bersalin dan nifas terkonfirmasi  Covid-19 dilihat dari aspek biologi, aspek psikologi dan aspek sosial. Tetapi masih diperlukan untuk mengivestigasi mendalam terkait pengalaman ibu hamil, bersalin dan nifas terkonfirmasi Covid-19.

scholarly journals Immunomodulators for Curtailing COVID-19: a Positive Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 286-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabir Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Shameem Ahmad Rather ◽  
Arsheed Iqbal ◽  
Haider Ali Qureshi ◽  
Naquibul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
The People ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Past Experiences

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly infectious, spreading swiftly from man to man which has not been previously recognized in humans. World Health Organization (WHO) on February 11, 2020 named the infection as COVID-19 as an acronym for ‘coronavirus disease-2019’ and on March 11, 2020 declared the outbreak as pandemic. It affects all the people without discrimination, however, older, immune compromised are more susceptible. The virus chiefly spread through droplet infection from infected person to healthy one by coughing, sneezing or with infected hands when touched to eyes, nose or mouth. Symptoms of the infection range from mild to severe ones. In severe cases (approx. 14% of cases) fever typically of high grade (104oF), breathlessness, pneumonia and severe acute respiratory syndrome may appear. So far no specific treatment or vaccine for novel coronavirus-2019 is there. From the past and recent past experiences we have learnt that herbal medicines have proven beneficial against various dreadful viral infections. Assessment of immune enhancing herbs in this paper may definitely be helpful for the body to fight COVID-19 infection. Keywords:   Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, COVID-19, Pneumonia, Immune, Herbs

scholarly journals Venous Thromboembolism and Its Association with COVID-19: Still an Open Debate

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Di Micco ◽  
Vincenzo Russo ◽  
Corrado Lodigiani
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
The World ◽  
Open Debate ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Pharmacological Thromboprophylaxis

Asreported by the World Health Organization, a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was identified as the causative virus of new viral pneumonia of unknown etiology by Chinese authorities on 7 January 2020. The virus was named COVID-19 and because of its ability to cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (i.e., SARS) this infection has also been defined as SARS-CoV2.Furthermore, an association between COVID-19 infection and venous thromboembolism has been reported in several series around the world.For this reason, methods used to improve diagnostic tools, pharmacological thromboprophylaxis and type of anticoagulants are discussed in this expert opinion.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF SUSPECTED CASES OF COVID 19 PRESENTED TO EMERGENCY IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rajvi Dave ◽  
Bhavesh Jarwani ◽  
Sanket Nandani ◽  
Tirth Patel
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Spread Of Infection

BACKGROUND : Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID 19) is an illness which is associated with the novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV -2).On December 2019, Wuhan City in China, became the epicenter of this pandemic. On March 17 2020 Ahmedabad reported its first positive case. On January 2020, Chinese scientists identified this as a novel coronavirus, temporarily labelled as, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1]. Its name was then changed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization in February 2020 as the disease spread worldwide [2]. COVID 19 pandemic has posed a huge threat to global public health .The clinical features of COVID-19 are very diverse, ranging from asymptomatic state to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multi organ dysfunction. The common clinical features include fever, cough, sore throat, headache, fatigue, headache, myalgia and breathlessness. Emergency workers carry a huge responsibility in this pandemic. We have to provide early triage and management of patients with suspected or confirmed infection in which inflammatory markers play an important role. More importantly we have to try to prevent the spread of infection and also be prepared to tackle such large footfalls in ED

scholarly journals SARS update 11 April - Compelling evidence for aetiology, WHO team report from China, global epidemiology, and EU index and guidance

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Online Publication ◽  
World Health ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Interim Report ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Several articles on the identification of a novel coronavirus thought to have a role in causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have been given early online publication this week (1-5), and the World Health Organization (WHO) has published an interim report from the WHO team of experts currently investigating the outbreak in China (7).

scholarly journals COVID-19 Mimicking Acute Colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Jaeseok Park ◽  
Jaekwon Jung ◽  
Hyunsoo Kim ◽  
Changkeun Park ◽  
Daejin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
World Health ◽  
Acute Colitis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

On 11 February, 2020, the World Health Organization announced that COVID-19 was a novel coronavirus disease first detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The complete clinical picture is not fully known. Illness ranges from mild to fatal. The common symptoms include fever, cough, and dyspnea usually developing 2-14 days after exposure. However, diarrhea was present in a few patients with COVID-19. We report a case of COVID-19 mimicking acute colitis.

scholarly journals Oral medicine, oral pathology and coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. e200001
Author(s):  
Hercílio Martelli-Júnior ◽  
Renato Assis Machado ◽  
Daniella R. Barbosa Martelli ◽  
Ricardo Della Coletta
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Oral Pathology ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

In late December 2019, a cluster of unexplained pneumonia cases was diagnosed in Wuhan, China, and few days later, the causative agent of this mysterious pneumonia was identified as a novel coronavirus. This causative virus has been temporarily named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the relevant infected disease has been named as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization respectively. The COVID-19 epidemic is spreading in China and all over the world now...

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