scholarly journals Efficacy of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea Mutation on Physicochemical Properties, Phytochemicals, and Momilactones A and B in Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kifayatullah Kakar ◽  
Tran Dang Xuan ◽  
Nguyen Van Quan ◽  
Imran Khan Wafa ◽  
Hoang-Dung Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Beneficial Traits

Attempts regarding the improvement and development of novel rice with better quality and higher productivity have been increasing. Among approaches, mutation is a direct alteration on the genome and considered as one of the most beneficial routes to acquire new beneficial traits in rice. An experiment was carried out to explore the effects of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) mutation on the antioxidant activities, phytochemical compounds, and momilactones A (MA) and B (MB) in rice. Two rice cultivars, K1 (an original cultivar DT84) and K2 (mutated DT84), were examined. Antioxidant activities, phenolic compounds, and momilactones of the rice grain, husk, and straw portions were measured and quantified. Antioxidant activities were higher in grain and straw of K2, whereas K1 showed greater antioxidant activity in rice husk. Additionally, K2 displayed higher total phenolic contents (TPC) in grain and straw as well as lower of it in the husk, but these variations significantly differed only in the straw portion. An increase in total flavonoid contents (TFC) was observed in the husk of K1, while K2 significantly enhanced TFC in straw. Both MA and MB, two compounds obtaining antidiabetes, anticancer, antimicrobial, antigout, and antiobesity properties, were detected and quantified in grain, husk, and straw of K1 and K2 samples. Generally, the contents of MA were higher than MB in all tested portions of rice crop. MA and MB were higher in straw followed by those in husk and grain, respectively. K2 contained higher amounts of MA and MB in straw and husk, but lower contents in grain compared with those in K1. This study illustrates that MNU mutation can improve grain quality and enhance bioactive compounds in straw, husk, and grain of rice. This approach has the potential to develop functional foods from rice, and therefore help farmers in developing countries to improve value in rice production.

SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTITUMOR 20 TUMBUHAN OBAT ASAL KABUPATEN MANOKWARI

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimo Budi Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents

<strong><em>Flavanoid, steroid, and terpenoid contents of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were analyzed.  The antioxidant activity, total phenolic contents and antitumor activity of 20 Manokwari medicinal plants were also evaluated. The result shows that 83% positif to flavanoid test, 59% positif to terpenoid test and only 25% positif steroid. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents evaluated using Ferric Thiocianate (FTC) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods respectively. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of medicinal plants were extracted by the traditional method, boiling in water and also in 80% methanol. Twenty plants evaluated in both exstracts have significantly varies of antioxidant activities and phenolic contents,  A significant and linier correlation coefficient between the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content was found in both aqueous (R<sup>2</sup>= 0,77) and methanol (R<sup>2</sup> = 0,85). Antitumor activity was tested using cell maurine P-388 and only 2 of medicinal plants are active to inhibit cell maurine P-388. Comparing extraction efficiency of the two methods, the methanol extracted phenolic compounds more efficiently, and antioxidant activity of the extract was higher.</em></strong>

scholarly journals Comparison of Functional Components and Antioxidant Activity of Lycium barbarum L. Fruits from Different Regions in China

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youyuan Lu ◽  
Sheng Guo ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Hui Yan ◽  
Da-Wei Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate ◽  
Β Carotene

The fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (FLB) has been used as medicines and functional foods for more than 2000 years in East Asia. In this study, carotenoid, phenolic, flavonoid, and polysaccharide contents as well as the antioxidant activities of FLB from 13 different regions in China from a total of 78 samples were analyzed. The results showed that total carotenoid contents ranged from 12.93 to 25.35 mg β-carotene equivalents/g DW. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate was the predominant carotenoid (4.260–10.07 mg/g DW) in FLB. The total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total polysaccharide contents ranged from 6.899 to 8.253 mg gallic acid equivalents/g DW, 3.177 to 6.144 mg rutin equivalents/g DW, and 23.62 to 42.45 mg/g DW, respectively. Rutin content ranged from 0.1812 to 0.4391 mg/g DW, and ferulic acid content ranged from 0.0994 to 0.1726 mg/g DW. All of these FLB could be divided into two clusters with PCA analysis, and both individual carotenoids and total carotenoid contents could be used as markers for regional characterization. The phenolic components were the main substance for the antioxidant activity of FLB. Considering the functional component and antioxidant activities, FLB produced in Guyuan of Ningxia was the closest to Daodi herbs (Zhongwei of Ningxia), which is commercially available high quality FLB. The results of this study could provide guidance for comprehensive applications of FLB production in different regions.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, ORAL ACUTE TOXICITY AND LD50 DETERMINATION OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Manal Mortady Hamed ◽  
Aboelfetoh Mohamed Abdalla ◽  
Mosad Ahmed Ghareeb ◽  
Said Abdelhalim Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Oral Acute Toxicity

Objective: The objective of this study was undertaken to estimate the total phenolic contents (TPCs), in vitro antioxidant of different solvent extracts of M. oleifera leaves, oral acute toxicity and LD50 determination of the 85% methanolic extract as well as the chromatographic isolation and identification of the extract constituents.Methods: The antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves were estimated using three antioxidant assays and the total phenolic contents (TPCs) were also evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu’s assay. The n-BuOH extract undergoes further chromatographic isolation owing to the high antioxidant activity using 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) method, which resulted in the isolation of seven compounds.Results: The results showed that the TPCs values of the tested extracts were varied from 309.52 to 43.28 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry extract. The reducing power antioxidant activities (RPAA) were 0.434, 0.402, 0.395, 0.149, 0.143 and 0.124, while the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values were 316.43, 203.35, 181.56, 86.70, 76.62 and 50.83 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g dry extract; for n-BuOH, EtOAc, 85% MeOH, H2O, CH2Cl2, and pet. ether extracts, respectively. The oral acute toxicity study of the 85% methanol extracts of M. oleifera and M. peregrina revealed that; their LD50 values were 3458.3 and 4125 mg/kg respectively, thus the two plants could be classified as slightly toxic in the scale of Hodge and Sterner which reflected their nutrient values as edible plants. The isolated compounds were identified on the basis of their 1H and 13C-NMR spectra as; cis-p-coumaric acid 4-O-(2'-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), chlorogenic acid (2), niazirin (3), 3,4-dihydroxy-β-phenylethoxy-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(l→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-4-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), gallic acid (5), taxifolin (6), and benzyl-carbamo-thioethionate (7).Conclusion: The M. oleifera leaves showed promising antioxidant activities and slightly toxic behavior.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds and In Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Three Tropic Fruits: Persimmon, Guava, and Sweetsop

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Fu ◽  
WenQing Lu ◽  
XiaoMin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Phenolic Contents

In our previous study, we have found that persimmon, guava, and sweetsop owned considerably high antioxidant activity and contained high total phenolic contents as well. In order to further supply information on the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of these three tropic fruits, they were extracted by 80% methanol. We then examined the extractions about their phenolic compounds and also studied the extractions and phenolic contents about their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against twelve targeted pathogens including 8 standard strains (Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus cereus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Monilia albican,Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhimurium,Shigella flexneri, andPseudomonas aeruginosa) and 4 multidrug-resistant strains (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, ESBLs-producingEscherichia coli, carbapenems-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosa, and multidrug-resistantAcinetobacter baumannii), which are common and comprehensive in clinic. We also employed two ways, that is, FRAP and TEAC, to evaluate their antioxidant activities, using ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometer. Our study indicated that the three tropical fruits possessed obvious antioxidant and antibacterial activity, which supported the possibility of developing the fruits into new natural resource food and functional food as well as new natural antimicrobial agent and food preservatives. Moreover, phenolic compounds detected in the fruits could be used as a potential natural antibacterial agent and antioxidant.

Antioxidant Activities and Phenolic Composition of Apple Peel, Core and Flesh Extracts on Selected Apple Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1103-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Zhi Zhang ◽  
Bao Ping Ji ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Apple Peels

Phenolic antioxidants have multiple benefits to human health. Polyphenols are responsible for the antioxidant activity in apples. Antioxidant activities were assessed using the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-dipheny l-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays in different cultivars and different parts of apples grown in China. The phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities differed significantly among the four apple cultivars. Guoguang had the highest phenolic concentration and antioxidant activity and Golden Delicious had the lowest. The peels had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents followed by the cores and flesh. Anthocyanins were detected only in red apple peels. Peel and core had greater antioxidant activities than apple flesh. FRAP values were inversely correlated with phenolic contents, whereas no clear relationship could be observed between DPPH values and phenolic contents. The higher levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of apple peels and cores than flesh may be of technological interest as a valuable source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Correlation Analysis of Antioxidant Activities with Tannin, Total Flavonoid, and Total Phenolic Contents of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Fruit Precipitated by Egg white

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Irma Antasionasti ◽  
Olvie Syenni Datu ◽  
Utami Sasmita Lestari ◽  
Surya Sumantri Abdullah ◽  
Imam Jayanto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Stable Free Radical ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Myristica Fragrans

The nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) flesh extract has a strong antioxidant activity. Therefore, M. fragrans flesh can be developed for functional drinks which are sources rich in antioxidants good for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, the tannins' content can cause a bitter and sour taste. Therefore, the tannins content should be reduced by the addition of egg white. The purpose of this study is to find out the comparison of antioxidant activity between a combination of M. fragrans flesh extract with various concentrations of egg white and to correlate its antioxidant activities with tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents. The antioxidant activities were conducted on M. fragrans flesh extract by using DPPH and ABTS radicals. Tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents from M. fragrans flesh extract were also tested. The M. fragrans flesh extracts without addition egg white have a strong antioxidant in scavenging the stable free radical ABTS (89.980±0.480 µg/mL) and intermediate antioxidant in scavenging the stable free radical DPPH (105.669±0.102 µg/mL). It is followed accordingly by tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents, namely 14.034±0.100 %w/w TAE, 26.929±0.129 %w/w QE, and 53.164±0.129 %w/w GAE, respectively. Correlation of tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents, which inhibited DPPH and ABTS radicals had R2 values of about 89.23-97.63%. It showed that antioxidant activity is strongly influenced by the tannin, total flavonoid, and total phenolic contents. Therefore, precipitation from the tannin-protein bond caused antioxidant activities were decreased.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Castanopsis phuthoensis and Castanopsis grandicicatricata

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phung Thi Tuyen ◽  
Do Tan Khang ◽  
Luong The Minh ◽  
Truong Ngoc Minh ◽  
Pham Thi Thu Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Phenolic Extracts

In this study, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compositions of Castanopsis phuthoensis and Castanopsis grandicicatricata (Fagaceae family) were investigated. It was found that bark extracts were rich of phenolic contents, whereas leaf extracts were abundant of flavonoids. The total phenolics varied from 11.20 to 35.47 mg gallic acid equivalent g-1 dry weight (DW), and the total flavonoids were from 2.24 to 12.55 mg rutin equivalent g-1 DW. The results of antioxidant activity showed that the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the free phenolic extracts were higher than the bound phenolic extracts. Regarding the reducing power and β-carotene bleaching assays, the free phenolic extracts showed remarkably strong antioxidant capacity that were similar to the levels of the standard BHT (dibutyl hydroxytoluene) did. It could be concluded that free phenolic extracts were more effective in antioxidant activities than bound phenolic extracts. A highly significant correlation between phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in extracts were observed. By HPLC analysis, seven phenolic acids were detected including gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, sinapic, p-coumaric, ellagic, and vanillin. Of which, gallic, ellagic, and sinapic acids were the most abundant compounds in the two species. The results suggest C. phuthoensis and C. grandicicatricata contain rich sources of natural antioxidants and phenolic compounds which are probably considered in pharmaceutical use.

scholarly journals Comparison of Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities of Centella asiatica Extracts Obtained by Three Extraction Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Wan Nurul Huda Wan Zainal ◽  
FARA RESTINA MUSAHIB ◽  
NABILAH SYAFIQAH ZULKEFLEE
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents

Through different extraction techniques, the potential of Centella asiatica as a natural source of antioxidant was investigated. The C. asiatica aqueous extracts were obtained via infusion, decoction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) techniques. The effects of different extraction techniques were studied on the extraction yield, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. The total phenolic contents of the extracts and antioxidant activity were examined using the Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay, respectively. Results indicated that the UAE exhibited the highest extraction yield, highest total phenolic contents, as well as highest antioxidant activity. The yield of the extracts increased in the order of infusion < decoction < UAE which were 18.2 %, 23.6% and 25.4 %, respectively. All extraction techniques had a significant effect (p <0.05) on the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of C. asiatica extracts. The total phenolic contents was ranged from 3.42 ± 0.030 to 8.32 ± 0.105 mg GAE/g dry extract while the antioxidant activity was in the range of 75 to 86 %. This study confirms that C. asiatica has the potential to be a good resource for the future development of natural antioxidant. In addition, extraction via UAE can be an ideal technique to obtain phytochemical-rich extracts from medicinal plants.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, PHENOLIC CONTENTS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CRATAEGUS AZAROLUS EXTRACTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boudjada Amina ◽  
Touil Ahmed ◽  
Bendif Hamdi ◽  
Bensouici Chawki ◽  
Rhouati Salah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Butanol Extract ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

 Objective: The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from Crataegus azarolus (L.) and the antioxidant evaluation of its extracts and compounds.Methods: The air-dried powdered parts of the plant were extracted with 70% methanol and fractionated by chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The n-butanol extract was separated using polyamide SC6 column and silica gel TLC. In addition, a fraction of silica gel column of the CHCl3 extract was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC–MS). The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of CHCl3 and n-butanol extracts were estimated. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities of CHCl3, n-butanol extracts, and two flavonoids were evaluated according to five different methods.Results: Eight compounds were identified in CHCl3 and n-butanol extracts, among them, five volatile compounds identified by GC–MS for the 1st time from the species, as well as three known flavonol glycosides identified by spectral analysis (ultraviolet,1H-nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR], and13C-NMR) and by comparison with literature data. The n-butanol extract showed the higher content of polyphenols (307.33 ± 2.33 mg (gallic acid equivalents)/g extract) and flavonoids (143.0 ± 2.12 mg QE/g extract) and it proves the highest antioxidant activity with all assays used.Conclusion: Five volatile compounds were identified for the 1st time from the C. azarolus and the antioxidant potential of plant extracts was measured using five different methods.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities and Estimation of Phenol and Flavonoid Contents in The Extracts Of Trema Orientalis Linn Blume

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
A. Saleh ◽  
S.M. Zainal-Ariffin ◽  
S.F. Yahaya ◽  
A.G. Khaleel
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Trema Orientalis

Phytochemical analysis is important in the evaluation of bioactive compounds from plants. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathology of many diseases such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, cataract, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, and stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity of Trema orientalis. Antioxidant activity was estimated spectrophotometrically using 2,2– diphenyl–1–picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. The total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents of the Trema orientalis extracts were determined using standard methods. IndependentSample T–test was used for Data analyses. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, steroids, cardiac  glycosides, alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Total phenolic contents were found to be 260.96±2.31 mg GAE/g and 134.08±0.56 mg GAE/g in the ethanol and aqueous extracts respectively. Similarly, total flavonoid contents were between 32.71±0.89 and 4.70±0.23 mg GAE/g. The radical scavenging effect was observed in ethanol extract with IC50 = 9.27 µg/mL. The  abundance of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of the T. orientalis could confirm their good therapeutic potentials inethnobotany. Keywords: Trema orientalis, Phenols, Flavonoids, Antioxidant activities

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